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SCHEME OF WORK
History
Form 4 2026
TERM I
School


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WK LSN TOPIC SUB-TOPIC OBJECTIVES T/L ACTIVITIES T/L AIDS REFERENCE REMARKS
1

Opening exams

2 1
World wars
World war 1 (1914-1918) - Background and Alliance System
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Discuss the causes of world war 1
Explain the alliance system before 1914
Analyze the Triple Alliance and Triple Entente
Evaluate how alliances contributed to war
Definition and explanation of alliances
Map work showing European alliances
Discussion on alliance benefits and dangers
Q&A on pre-war tensions
Maps of Europe 1914
Alliance diagrams
Textbooks
Charts
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 2-4
2 2
World wars
Arms Race and Moroccan Crises
Balkan Nationalism and Sarajevo Incident
Course of World War 1 - Western Front
Course of World War 1 - Eastern Front and Global War
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain the arms race between European powers
Describe the First and Second Moroccan Crises
Analyze German-French rivalry
Evaluate the impact on international relations
Discussion on military competition
Case study analysis of Moroccan crises
Statistical comparison of military forces
Timeline creation of crisis events
Statistical charts
Crisis timeline
Military comparison data
Maps of Morocco
Maps of Balkans
Assassination photographs
Ultimatum documents
War declaration timeline
Schlieffen Plan maps
Trench diagrams
Battle photographs
Casualty statistics
Eastern Front maps
Revolution timeline
Global war maps
Colonial participation data
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 3-5
2 3-4
World wars
End of World War 1 - Allied Victory
The peace settlement - Treaty of Versailles
Results of World War 1 - Political and Economic Impact
The league of Nations - Formation and Structure
Performance of the League of Nations - Achievements
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Discuss the advantages of allies
Explain reasons for Allied victory
Analyze American entry into the war
Evaluate factors leading to Central Powers defeat
Explain the formation of the League of Nations
Describe the League's main organs
Identify aims and principles
Analyze the structure and membership
Group analysis of Allied advantages
Discussion on American contribution
Statistical comparison of resources
Timeline of final campaigns 1918
Study of League Covenant
Organizational chart creation
Analysis of aims and principles
Discussion on collective security
Resource comparison charts
American contribution data
Victory timeline
Statistical materials
Peace conference photos
Treaty documents
Before/after maps
Territorial change charts
Comparative maps
Economic statistics
Empire collapse charts
New nations data
League Covenant
Organizational charts
Membership lists
Collective security diagrams
Success case studies
Humanitarian reports
Social achievement records
Presentation materials
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 11-13
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 17-20
2 5
World wars
Performance of the League of Nations - Failures
World War II (1939-1945) - Causes
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain the failures of the League
Analyze major crisis failures
Describe structural weaknesses
Evaluate reasons for ineffectiveness
Case study of major failures
Analysis of Manchurian and Abyssinian crises
Discussion on structural problems
Debate on League effectiveness
Failure case studies
Crisis documentation
Structural analysis charts
Debate materials
Treaty impact charts
Dictator biographies
Depression statistics
Causation diagrams
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 20-23
3 1
World wars
Course of World War II - Outbreak and Early Campaigns
Course of World War II - Global Expansion
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Discuss the outbreak of World War II
Explain the invasion of Poland
Describe early German successes
Analyze Blitzkrieg tactics
Chronological study of war outbreak
Analysis of Blitzkrieg strategy
Map work on early campaigns
Discussion on appeasement failure
War outbreak timeline
Blitzkrieg diagrams
Campaign maps
Strategy analysis charts
Eastern Front maps
Pearl Harbor documentation
Pacific theater maps
Global warfare charts
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 25-28
3 2
World wars
Course of World War II - Allied Victory
Results of World War II - Political Changes
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Discuss the defeat of Italy and Germany
Explain major Allied campaigns
Describe D-Day and liberation of Europe
Analyze the end of war in Pacific
Study of major Allied offensives
Analysis of D-Day operation
Discussion on atomic bomb decision
Timeline of final campaigns
Allied campaign maps
D-Day documentation
Atomic bomb data
Victory timeline
Political change charts
Superpower comparison
Post-war maps
Decolonization timeline
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 26-28
3 3-4
World wars
International relations
Results of World War II - Economic, Social and Formation of UN
Introduction to International Relations
Formation of International Organizations
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe economic and social results
Explain technological advances
Analyze formation of United Nations
Compare UN with League of Nations
Discuss how nations relate with each other
Define international relations
Explain the importance of international cooperation
Identify factors affecting international relations
Analysis of war's economic impact
Study of technological innovations
Research on UN formation
Comparison with League of Nations
Definition and explanation of international relations
Discussion on global interdependence
Case study analysis of bilateral relations
Q&A on cooperation benefits
Economic impact data
Technology timelines
UN formation documents
Comparison charts
Charts on global cooperation
World maps
Case study materials
Textbooks
Organization charts
Formation timeline
Post-war documentation
Global governance diagrams
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 28-29
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 30-31
3 5
International relations
The United Nations - Formation and Principles
UN Organs - General Assembly
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain the formation of the United Nations
Describe the San Francisco Conference
Identify UN principles and purposes
Analyze the UN Charter provisions
Study of San Francisco Conference
Analysis of UN Charter
Discussion on UN principles
Comparison with League of Nations
Conference documentation
UN Charter excerpts
Principles charts
Comparison materials
UN structure diagrams
Assembly function charts
Voting procedure materials
Role-play cards
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 30-32
4 1
International relations
UN Organs - Security Council and Others
UN Organs - International Court of Justice
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain the composition of Security Council
Describe the veto power system
Identify other UN organs
Analyze the effectiveness of UN structure
Study of Security Council composition
Analysis of veto power impact
Discussion on permanent vs non-permanent members
Examination of other organs
Security Council charts
Veto power examples
Organ function diagrams
Effectiveness analysis materials
ICJ structure charts
Case study materials
International law examples
Dispute resolution records
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 32-34
4 2
International relations
Specialized Agencies - ILO, FAO, UNESCO
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
State the specialized agencies of the UN
Explain the functions of ILO
Describe the work of FAO and UNESCO
Analyze their impact on global development
Research on specialized agencies
Presentation on agency functions
Discussion on development impact
Case study analysis
Agency function charts
Development impact data
Presentation materials
Case study examples
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 35-38
4 3
International relations
Specialized Agencies - WHO, World Bank, IMF
Performance of the UN - Achievements
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain the functions of WHO
Describe the role of World Bank
Identify IMF functions
Evaluate the impact of financial institutions
Study of health organization work
Analysis of World Bank projects
Discussion on IMF policies
Research on global health initiatives
WHO program data
World Bank project examples
IMF policy documents
Health initiative records
Peacekeeping mission data
Humanitarian reports
Development project records
Success story examples
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 35-38
4

Trip to Parliament

4 5
International relations
Performance of the UN - Decolonization and Human Rights
Challenges of the UN - Structural and Financial
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain UN role in decolonization
Describe human rights promotion
Analyze women's rights advancement
Evaluate democracy promotion efforts
Study of decolonization process
Analysis of human rights declarations
Discussion on gender equality
Research on democracy support
Decolonization timeline
Human rights documents
Gender equality data
Democracy reports
Structural analysis charts
Financial constraint data
Sovereignty debate materials
Intervention case studies
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 38-39
5 1
International relations
Challenges of the UN - Contemporary Issues
The Commonwealth - Formation and Membership
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify modern challenges facing UN
Explain terrorism and security threats
Describe climate change challenges
Analyze reform proposals
Discussion on modern security threats
Analysis of climate change impact
Research on UN reform proposals
Debate on organizational effectiveness
Security threat reports
Climate change data
Reform proposal documents
Effectiveness analysis
Evolution timeline
Membership criteria charts
Association documents
Development records
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 39-40
5 2
International relations
The Commonwealth - Principles and Structure
Functions of the Commonwealth
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain the principles and ideals of the Commonwealth
Describe the organizational structure
Identify the main organs
Analyze decision-making processes
Study of Commonwealth principles
Analysis of organizational structure
Discussion on equality and cooperation
Examination of organs and functions
Principles documentation
Structure diagrams
Equality examples
Function charts
Function analysis charts
Assistance program data
Trade statistics
Educational exchange records
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 42-44
5 3-4
International relations
Challenges facing the Commonwealth
The Cold War - Origins and Causes
The Cold War - Iron Curtain and Early Conflicts
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain the challenges facing the commonwealth
Describe economic disparities
Identify political differences
Analyze declining relevance issues
Discuss the causes of the cold war
Explain ideological differences
Describe post-WWII tensions
Analyze superpower rivalry
Discussion on Commonwealth challenges
Analysis of economic disparities
Debate on political differences
Research on relevance issues
Study of Cold War origins
Analysis of capitalism vs communism
Discussion on post-war tensions
Timeline of early conflicts
Challenge analysis materials
Economic disparity data
Political difference examples
Relevance studies
Origin analysis charts
Ideology comparison materials
Tension timeline
Rivalry documentation
Iron Curtain maps
Doctrine documents
Marshall Plan data
Event timeline
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 45-46
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 46-48
5 5
International relations
Course of the Cold War - European Division
Course of the Cold War - Global Conflicts
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Discuss how the cold war developed and spread
Explain the division of Germany
Describe NATO and Warsaw Pact formation
Analyze the Berlin Crisis
Study of European division
Analysis of Germany partition
Discussion on military alliances
Case study of Berlin Crisis
Division maps
Alliance formation charts
Military bloc diagrams
Berlin Crisis documentation
Global conflict maps
Cuban Crisis documentation
Proxy war examples
Space race timeline
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 50-52
6 1
International relations
Easing the Cold War - Détente
End of Cold War - Factors and Consequences
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Discuss the easing the cold war
Explain the concept of détente
Describe arms limitation treaties
Analyze improved superpower relations
Study of détente policy
Analysis of arms control agreements
Discussion on improved relations
Timeline of peaceful coexistence
Détente policy documents
Arms control treaties
Relation improvement data
Coexistence timeline
Ending factors charts
Reform documentation
Collapse timeline
New world order analysis
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 54-56
6 2
International relations
Effects of the Cold War
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain the effects of the cold war
Describe global political changes
Analyze economic consequences
Evaluate impact on developing countries
Analysis of Cold War effects
Discussion on political realignment
Study of economic impact
Research on Third World effects
Effects analysis charts
Political change data
Economic impact studies
Third World impact records
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 56-57
6 3-4
International relations
The Non-Aligned Movement - Origins
Reasons for the rise of the NAM
NAM Structure and Organization
Performance of the NAM - Achievements and Challenges
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Discuss the origin of the Pan-Africanism
Explain the meaning of Non-Aligned Movement
Identify founder members
Describe the Bandung Conference
Explain the structure of NAM
Describe summit conferences
Identify key principles
Analyze decision-making processes
Study of NAM origins
Analysis of non-alignment concept
Research on founding leaders
Discussion on Bandung Conference
Study of NAM organizational structure
Analysis of summit conferences
Discussion on guiding principles
Examination of consensus building
Origin documentation
Concept analysis materials
Founder biographies
Conference records
Formation reason charts
Pressure analysis data
Decolonization timeline
Independence records
Structure diagrams
Conference records
Principles documentation
Decision-making charts
Achievement records
Peace contribution data
Challenge analysis materials
Relevance studies
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 54-55
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 56-57
6 5
Cooperation in Africa
Pan-Africanism - Origins and Early Development
Development of Pan-Africanism - Key Figures
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Discuss the origin of Pan-Africanism
Explain the role of the African diaspora
Identify early Pan-Africanist leaders
Describe the first Pan-African conferences
Study of Pan-Africanism origins
Research on diaspora contributions
Biographical study of early leaders
Analysis of early conferences
Origin charts
Leader biographies
Conference records
Diaspora maps
Leader comparison charts
Ideological analysis materials
Approach comparison diagrams
Activity timeline
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 60-62
7

Mid term exams

8

Mid term holiday

9 1
Cooperation in Africa
Pan-Africanism After 1945
Achievements of Pan-Africanism
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain Pan-Africanism activities after 1945
Describe the Manchester Conference
Analyze the shift to Africa
Evaluate the impact on independence movements
Study of post-1945 developments
Analysis of Manchester Conference
Discussion on continental shift
Research on independence impact
Post-1945 timeline
Conference documentation
Continental shift maps
Independence records
Achievement records
Independence timeline
Consciousness development data
Limitation analysis charts
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 65-67
9 2
Cooperation in Africa
Organization of African Unity - Formation
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Discuss the origin and structure of OAU
Explain the Addis Ababa Conference
Describe the OAU Charter
Analyze the dissolution of rival groups
Study of OAU formation process
Analysis of founding conference
Examination of Charter provisions
Discussion on group unification
Formation documentation
Conference records
Charter excerpts
Group unification charts
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 68-71
9 3-4
Cooperation in Africa
Organization of African Unity - Structure and Objectives
OAU Performance - Achievements and Challenges
The African Union - Formation and Objectives
African Union - Structure and Organs
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain the structure of OAU
Describe the main organs
Identify objectives and principles
Analyze decision-making processes
Discuss the formation and structure of the AU
Explain the objectives of AU
Describe differences from OAU
Analyze the transition process
Detailed study of OAU structure
Analysis of organizational organs
Discussion on objectives achievement
Examination of decision procedures
Study of AU formation
Analysis of AU objectives
Comparison with OAU
Discussion on transition challenges
Structure diagrams
Organ function charts
Objectives analysis
Decision-making flowcharts
Achievement case studies
Liberation support records
Challenge analysis materials
Performance data
Formation timeline
Objectives charts
Comparison materials
Transition documentation
Structure diagrams
Organ charts
Institution profiles
Effectiveness analysis
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 71-73
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 76-80
9 5
Cooperation in Africa
East African Community - Formation and Objectives
EAC - Achievements and Collapse
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain the formation of East African Community
Describe the 1967 treaty
Identify EAC objectives
Analyze the organizational structure
Study of EAC formation history
Analysis of founding treaty
Discussion on community objectives
Examination of organizational setup
Formation history charts
Treaty documents
Objectives analysis
Structure diagrams
Achievement records
Collapse factor analysis
Failure reason charts
Lesson documentation
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 81-84
10 1
Cooperation in Africa
New EAC (2001) - Revival and Expansion
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain the revival of EAC in 2001
Describe new membership expansion
Identify objectives and structure
Analyze achievements and challenges
Study of EAC revival process
Analysis of membership expansion
Discussion on new objectives
Evaluation of current performance
Revival timeline
Membership expansion charts
New objectives analysis
Performance data
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 87-90
10 2
Cooperation in Africa
ECOWAS - Formation and Objectives
ECOWAS - Performance and Challenges
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Discuss the formation of ECOWAS
Explain the Treaty of Lagos
Describe membership and objectives
Analyze organizational structure
Study of ECOWAS formation
Analysis of founding treaty
Discussion on West African cooperation
Examination of organizational setup
Formation documentation
Treaty analysis
Cooperation benefits charts
Structure diagrams
Achievement case studies
Trade statistics
Security challenge data
Peacekeeping records
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 90-92
10 3-4
Cooperation in Africa
COMESA - Formation and Structure (Part 1)
COMESA - Structure and Functions (Part 2)
COMESA - Performance and Achievements
COMESA - Challenges and Future Prospects
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
State the structure of COMESA
Explain The Authority and Council of Ministers
Describe Court of Justice functions
Identify Committee of Governors roles
Explain the achievements of COMESA
Describe trade facilitation efforts
Identify development projects
Analyze economic integration progress
Study of COMESA organizational structure
Analysis of top-level organs
Discussion on decision-making hierarchy
Examination of judicial functions
Case study of COMESA achievements
Analysis of trade statistics
Research on development projects
Evaluation of integration progress
Structure charts
Authority function diagrams
Council role analysis
Court procedure materials
Technical committee charts
Secretariat role diagrams
Consultative process materials
Function analysis
Achievement documentation
Trade facilitation data
Project records
Integration progress charts
Challenge analysis materials
Membership conflict data
Economic disparity charts
Solution proposal templates
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 93-95
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 96-97
10 5
Cooperation in Africa
Regional Integration - Comparative Analysis
Continental Integration - AU and Regional Bodies
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Compare different African regional organizations
Analyze success factors and challenges
Evaluate lessons learned
Assess future of African integration
Comparative study of regional bodies
Analysis of success and failure factors
Discussion on best practices
Debate on integration future
Comparison charts
Success factor analysis
Best practice examples
Future projection materials
Relationship diagrams
Coordination charts
Integration challenge analysis
Unity prospect materials
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 93-98
11 1
National Philosophies (Kenya)
Introduction to National Philosophies
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Define the term National Philosophy
Explain the meaning of ideology
Identify the three national philosophies in Kenya
Analyze the importance of national philosophy
Discussion on the concept of national philosophy
Definition and explanation of ideology
Identification of Kenya's philosophies
Q&A on philosophy importance
Philosophy definition charts
Ideology comparison materials
Kenya's philosophy timeline
Textbooks
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 99-100
11

Eid break

11 3-4
National Philosophies (Kenya)
African socialism - Origin and development
Main features of African Socialism
Significance of African Socialism
Harambee Philosophy - Origin and development
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain the origin of African Socialism
Describe the Sessional Paper No. 10 of 1965
Identify the role of Tom Mboya
Analyze the principles of African Socialism
Explain the significance of African socialism to Kenya
Describe impact on individual rights
Analyze effects on economic development
Evaluate contributions to political democracy
Study of Sessional Paper No. 10
Analysis of Tom Mboya's contribution
Discussion on African traditions
Examination of political democracy and mutual social responsibility
Case study analysis of socialism impact
Discussion on constitutional provisions
Research on economic effects
Evaluation of democratic development
Sessional Paper documents
Tom Mboya biography
African traditions charts
Political democracy materials
Feature comparison charts
Ownership type diagrams
Planning framework materials
Kenyanization documentation
Impact assessment materials
Constitutional excerpts
Economic development data
Democratic progress charts
Harambee origin charts
Kenyatta biography
Self-reliance materials
Principles documentation
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 99-100
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 101
11 5
National Philosophies (Kenya)
The Role of Harambee in Development
Nyayo Philosophy - Origin and development
Impact of National Philosophies and Assessment
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain the role of Harambee in national development
Describe contributions to education
Identify health sector achievements
Analyze challenges facing Harambee
Case study of Harambee projects
Analysis of educational contributions
Research on health facilities
Discussion on Harambee challenges
Project case studies
Educational achievement data
Health facility records
Challenge analysis materials
Nyayo origin documentation
Moi biography materials
Philosophy source charts
Three pillars diagrams
Impact assessment charts
Combined effects analysis
Modern relevance studies
Effectiveness evaluation materials
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 103-104
12-13

End term exams


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