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| WK | LSN | TOPIC | SUB-TOPIC | OBJECTIVES | T/L ACTIVITIES | T/L AIDS | REFERENCE | REMARKS |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 | 1-2 |
INTRODUCTION TO BIOLOGY
|
Introduction to Biology
Branches of biology Importance of Biology |
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
Define what is biology Explain the relationship between biology and other subjects Identify the branches of Biology |
Defining
Explanation Discussion Observation Explanation Discussion Demonstration Observation |
Class notes
Class text book Chalks Charts |
KLB Biology
book 1 Pg. 1 |
|
| 2 | 3 |
INTRODUCTION TO BIOLOGY
|
Characteristics of living things
Collection of specimens Comparison between plants and animals |
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
Identify the characteristics of living things Observe living and non-living things |
Explanation
Discussion Demonstration Observation |
Class notes
Class text book Chalks Charts |
KLB Biology
book 1 Pg. 2-3 |
|
| 2 | 4 |
CLASSIFICATION 1
|
Introduction
Magnifying lens |
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
Define an organism Identify the external features of plants and animals |
Explanation
Discussion Demonstration Observation Experimenting |
Class notes
Class text book Chalks Charts |
KLB Biology
book 1 Pg. 8 |
|
| 3 | 1-2 |
CLASSIFICATION 1
|
External features of plants and animals
The diversity of living organisms Classification Need for classification Historical background of classification |
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
Identify the common external features observed in plants and animals Discuss the external features of plants and animals Identify the need for classification |
Defining
Explanation Discussion Observation Experimenting Drawing Defining Explanation Discussion Demonstration Observation |
Class notes
Class text book Chalks Charts |
KLB Biology
book 1 Pg. 8-10 KLB Biology book 1 Pg. 10 |
|
| 3 | 3 |
CLASSIFICATION 1
|
Taxonomic units of classification
Scientific naming of living organisms Naming organisms |
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
Classify taxonomic units Explain what the kingdom is Define what is classification |
Defining
Explanation Discussion Demonstration Observation |
Class notes
Class text book Chalks Charts |
KLB Biology
book 1 Pg. 14-15 |
|
| 3 | 4 |
THE CELL
|
Introduction
The light microscope |
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
Define a cell Identify the history of invention of the microscope |
Defining
Explanation Discussion Demonstration Observation |
Class notes
Class text book Chalks Charts |
KLB Biology
book 1 Pg. 18 |
|
| 4 | 1-2 |
THE CELL
|
Handling and care of a microscope
Using the microscope Magnification |
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
Identify the functions of the parts of a microscope Draw the light microscope Define magnification Draw a generalized animal cell Work out questions and fill tables involving magnification |
Drawing
Explanation Discussion Demonstration Observation Experimenting Defining Explanation Discussion Demonstration Observation Experimenting |
Class notes
Class text book Chalks Charts |
KLB Biology
book 1 Pg. 18-19 KLB Biology book 1 Pg. 21 |
|
| 4 | 3 |
THE CELL
|
Cell structure seen under the light microscope
The electron microscope Observing permanent slides of plants and animal cells |
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
Define an organelle Draw the generalized plant cell Identify the parts of a cell that cannot be seen under a microscope |
Defining
Explanation Discussion Observation |
Class notes
Class text book Chalks Charts |
KLB Biology
book 1 Pg. 21 |
|
| 4 | 4 |
THE CELL
|
The cell structure as seen under the electron microscope
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
Explain the function of the cell membrane, cytoplasm Draw the cell membrane and the mitochondrion |
Drawing
Explanation Discussion Demonstration Observation |
Class notes
Class text book Chalks Charts |
KLB Biology
book 1 Pg. 24 |
|
| 5 | 1-2 |
THE CELL
|
The cell structure as seen under the electron microscope
Preparation of temporary slides Estimation of cell size Cell specialization; tissues, organs and organ systems Cell specialization; tissues, organs and organ systems |
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
Identify the differences between plants and animals cell Identify the similarities between plants and animals List three limitations of measuring the size of certain cells Calculate the diameter of a cell using the formula |
Defining
Explanation Discussion Demonstration Observation Experimenting Defining Explanation Discussion Demonstration Observation Experimenting |
Class notes
Class text book Chalks Charts |
KLB Biology
book 1 Pg. 26 KLB Biology book 1 Pg. 27-28 |
|
| 5 | 3 |
THE CELL
Cell physiology |
Cell specialization; tissues, organs and organ systems
water relations in plants |
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
Define an organ and an organ system Explain the functions of an organ and an organ system |
Defining
Explanation Discussion Demonstration Observation |
Class notes
Class text book Chalks Charts |
KLB Biology
book 1 Pg. 31 |
|
| 5 | 4 |
Cell physiology
|
water relations in plants
Osmosis Wilting |
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
Explain why the grass dries up when sodium chloride was poured onto the grass Illustrate turgor and plasmolysis in a plant cell |
Explanation
Description Illustration |
Class notes
charts Microscope, microscope slides, coverslips, dropper, pair of forceps, blotter paper, common salt solution, onion bulb Practical manual Samples of wilted and normal plants |
KLB Biology book one page 41-42
Explore biology book one |
|
| 6 | 1-2 |
Cell physiology
Cell physiology Nutrition in plants and animals |
Role of osmosis in organisms
Factors affecting osmosis Active transport Introduction |
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
Name the role of osmosis in organisms Explain the named role of osmosis in organisms Define active transport Explain the role of active transport in living organisms |
Explanation
Questions and answers Definition Explanation Discussion |
Class notes
Class notes Class text book Class notes |
KLB Biology book one page 43
Explore biology book one KLB Biology book one page 44 Explore biology book one |
|
| 6 | 3 |
Nutrition in plants and animals
|
Autotrophism
External structure of the leaf |
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
Define autotrophism Explain the difference between photosynthesis and chemosynthesis Explain the process of photosynthesis |
Definition of terms
Explanation Description |
Class notes
Class text book Monocot and dicot leaves |
KLB Biology book one page 48
Explore biology book one |
|
| 6 | 4 |
Nutrition in plants and animals
|
External structure of the leaf
Internal structure of the leaf Internal structure of the leaf |
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
Explain the differences between the external features of a monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous leaf Make a drawing of the two types of the leaf and label the parts |
Explanation
Observation Drawing and labelling |
A hand lens, dicotyledonous leaf, monocotyledonous leaf
Class notes Class text book |
KLB Biology book one page 49-50
|
|
| 7 | 1-2 |
Nutrition in plants and animals
|
The chloroplast
Practical activity The process of photosynthesis The light stage of photosynthesis The dark stake of photosynthesis |
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
Explain the adaptation of the chloroplasts to their function Draw and label the structure of the chloroplast Define photosynthesis Name the two general stages of photosynthesis Describe the raw materials for the photosynthesis Write a balanced equation of photosynthesis process |
Explanation
Description Drawing and labelling Definition of terms Description Balancing of the equation |
Class notes
Class text book Leaves of zebrine and kales, microscope, microscope slides, a pair of forceps, water, a dropper and coverslip Class notes Class notes |
KLB Biology book one page 52-53
KLB Biology book one page 53 Explore biology book one |
|
| 7 | 3 |
Nutrition in plants and animals
|
Presence of starch in a leaf
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
Explain why it was necessary to use a leaf that had been exposed to light for a few hours Explain why the fresh leaf was dipped in boiling water |
Observation and recording
Explanation Questions and answer |
Water, dropper, beaker, source of heat, boiling tube, leaf, petri dish/white tiles
|
KLB Biology book one page 54-55
|
|
| 7 | 4 |
Nutrition in plants and animals
|
Factors affecting the rate of photosynthesis
Effects of light to photosynthesis |
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
Name the main factors which affect the rate of photosynthesis Describe the effect of the named factors in the rate of photosynthesis Illustrate the effect of a named factor to photosynthesis rate |
Description
Questions Illustration |
Class notes
Methylated spirit, iodine solution, water, white tile, droppers, beaker, source of heat, boiling tube, light proof material, potted plant and clips |
KLB Biology book one page 55-56
Explore biology book one |
|
| 8 | 1-2 |
Nutrition in plants and animals
|
Effects of carbon (IV) oxide in photosynthesis
Chlorophyll Gas produced during photosynthesis Chemical compounds in living organisms Monosaccharides |
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
Explain the necessity of carbon (IV) oxide in photosynthesis Describe the function of the sodium hydroxide pellets in the experiment Explain why was the leaf outside the flask also tested for starch Name the gas produced during photosynthesis Explain why sodium hydrogen carbonate was used during the experiment Explain why only submerged water plants are used instead of terrestrial plants in the experiment |
Observation and recording
Discussion Explanation Observation and recording Questions and answers Discussion |
Conical flasks, potted plants, sodium hydroxide pellets, corks, blades, petroleum jelly, iodine solution, methylated spirit, water, beakers, droppers, white tiles, boiling tubes, source of heat
Variegated leaves, iodine solution, methylated spirit, white tile, water, boiling tubes, beakers, droppers, source of heat Water plant, glass funnels, beakers, small wooden blocks, test tubes, wooden splints and sodium hydrogen carbonate Class notes |
KLB Biology book one page 57-58
KLB Biology book one page 58-59 |
|
| 8 | 3 |
Nutrition in plants and animals
|
Monosaccharides
Disaccharides |
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
Describe the properties of monosaccharides Explain the functions of monosaccharides |
Description
Explanation |
Class notes
Class notes Class text book |
KLB Biology book one page 60
|
|
| 8 | 4 |
Nutrition in plants and animals
|
Disaccharides
Polysaccharides |
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
Describe the similarities between monosaccharides and disaccharides Explain the properties of disaccharides |
Description
Explanation |
Class notes
Class notes |
KLB Biology book one page 60-61
Explore biology book one |
|
| 9 | 1-2 |
Nutrition in plants and animals
|
Polysaccharides
Test for starch Test for a reducing sugar Test for non-reducing sugar Lipids |
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
2. Describe the colour changes for the reducing sugars Explain the requirements in the tests for reducing sugars |
Explanation
Discussion Questions and answer Observation and recording Description Explanation Questions |
Class notes
Starch powder, test-tubes, measuring cylinder, dropper, iodine solution, distilled water, spatula and means of heating Glucose solution, benedict Sucrose, test tubes, benedict solution, dilute hydrochloric acid, sodium hydrogen carbonate solution, hot water bath, dropper measuring cylinder Class notes |
KLB Biology book one page 61
KLB Biology book one page 62 Practical manual |
|
| 9 | 3 |
Nutrition in plants and animals
|
Properties of lipids
Functions of the lipids |
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
Explain what happens when fat is heated Describe the overall properties of lipids Illustrate diagrammatically the process of fat formation |
Explanation
Description Illustration |
Class notes
Class notes |
KLB Biology book one page 63
Explore biology book one |
|
| 9 | 4 |
Nutrition in plants and animals
|
Testing for the presence of lipids
Proteins |
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
Explain the test for the presence of lipids using the grease spot test Explain the requirements in the test for starch using the grease spot test |
Observation and recording
Explanation Discussion Questions and answers |
Fat or oil, filter paper and Bunsen burner
Fat or oil, ethanol, test tubes, measuring cylinder Class notes Class text book |
KLB Biology book one page 64
Practical manual |
|
| 10 | 1-2 |
Nutrition in plants and animals
|
Proteins
Test for proteins Enzymes |
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
Explain dipeptide molecule, peptide bond and amino acids sequence Describe the properties of the proteins Define the term enzymes Name the two types of the enzymes Describe the naming of the enzymes |
Explanation
Description Questions and answers Definition of terms Description Questions and answer |
Class notes
Class notes Class notes |
KLB Biology book one page 65-66
KLB Biology book one page 66 |
|
| 10 | 3 |
Nutrition in plants and animals
|
Enzyme co-factors and co-enzymes
Enzyme inhibitors Factors affecting enzymes activities |
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
Describe the enzyme co-factors and enzyme co-enzyme Explain the concept of the enzyme inhibitors |
Description
Explanation |
Class notes
Class notes Test tubes, white tile, test tube holder, dropper, distilled water, benedict solution, iodine solution, water bath, source of heat, thermometer, measuring cylinders, amylase solution, soluble starch powder |
KLB Biology book one page 69
Explore biology book one |
|
| 10 | 4 |
Nutrition in plants and animals
|
Factors affecting enzymes activities
Effects of PH on enzyme activities |
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
Explain the requirements in the test for the factors affecting enzyme activities Explain the results in the test for the enzymes in starch and reducing sugars Describe why the temperature in the test tubes was maintained at 370c |
Observation and recording
Discussion Explanation |
Test tubes, white tile, test tube holder, dropper, distilled water, benedict solution, iodine solution, water bath, source of heat, thermometer, measuring cylinders, amylase solution, soluble starch powder
Water bath, egg albumen suspension, hydrochloric acid, sodium hydroxide, test tubes, pepsin solution, means of heating, measuring cylinder |
KLB Biology book one page 70- 71
Practical manual |
|
| 11 | 1-2 |
Nutrition in plants and animals
|
Catalase in living tissues
Nutrition in animals Heterotrophism Dental formula |
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
Describe the enzyme catalase and its role in the tissues of living things Explain the requirements in the test for the enzymes catalase in living tissues Describe what is dental formula Explain the dental formula in herbivores Name the main types of teeth in herbivores Describe the dental formula in carnivores Explain the adaptation of the carnassial teeth to their functions |
Observation and recording
Description Explanation Description Explanation Questions and answers |
Fresh liver, fresh kidney, hair, seeds, leaves, hydrogen peroxide, test tubes, wooden splints, means of heating, scalpel blade, measuring cylinders, labels
Class notes |
KLB Biology book one page 71-72
Practical manual KLB Biology book one page 73-74 |
|
| 11 | 3 |
Nutrition in plants and animals
|
Dentition of a sheep
Structure of a tooth Dental diseases Dental carries and periodontal diseases |
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
Draw and label the different types of teeth in sheep Explain the dentition and the dental formula of the sheep |
Observation and recording
Discussion Drawing and labelling |
Practical manual
Skull of a fish Class notes Class notes |
KLB Biology book one page 74-75
|
|
| 11 | 4 |
Nutrition in plants and animals
|
Dental hygiene
Digestive system in animals |
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
Describe what is meant by the term dental hygiene Explain the measures to observe for proper care of the teeth |
Description
Explanations Questions |
Class notes
Class text book Class notes charts |
KLB Biology book one page 78
|
|
| 12 | 1-2 |
Nutrition in plants and animals
|
Digestive system in animals
Food processing along the digestive tract Digestion in the mouth Digestion in the stomach Digestion in the duodenum |
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
Describe the digestive system of the carnivores, herbivores and omnivores Draw and label a transverse section of the gut wall of a mammal Explain the digestion process in the stomach Name the components of the gastric juice Describe the role of the components of gastric juice in the food digestion |
Description
Drawing and labelling Explanation Description Questions and answer |
Class notes
Chart Class notes Class notes Class text book |
KLB Biology book one page 79
Explore biology book one KLB Biology book one page 80 Explore biology book one |
|
| 12 | 3 |
Nutrition in plants and animals
|
Emulsification of the fat
Digestion in the ileum Absorption |
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
Describe what is emulsification Explain the requirements in the test for the emulsification of the fat |
Observation and recording
Description Explanation |
Sodium hydrogen carbonate solution
Cooking oil, water, test tubes, ruler and measuring cylinder Class notes |
Practical manual
KLB Biology book one page 81 |
|
| 12 | 4 |
Nutrition in plants and animals
|
Assimilation
Vitamins Mineral salts Energy requirements in human beings |
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
Describe what happens in the caecum and appendix Explain what is assimilation Explain how different food types are assimilated or utilized in the body |
Description
Explanation Questions |
Class notes
Class notes Class text |
KLB Biology book one page 84
|
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