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SCHEME OF WORK
History
Form 4 2026
TERM I
School


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WK LSN TOPIC SUB-TOPIC OBJECTIVES T/L ACTIVITIES T/L AIDS REFERENCE REMARKS
2 1
World wars
World war 1 (1914-1918) - Background and Alliance System
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Discuss the causes of world war 1
Explain the alliance system before 1914
Analyze the Triple Alliance and Triple Entente
Evaluate how alliances contributed to war
Definition and explanation of alliances
Map work showing European alliances
Discussion on alliance benefits and dangers
Q&A on pre-war tensions
Maps of Europe 1914
Alliance diagrams
Textbooks
Charts
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 2-4
2 2
World wars
Arms Race and Moroccan Crises
Balkan Nationalism and Sarajevo Incident
Course of World War 1 - Western Front
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain the arms race between European powers
Describe the First and Second Moroccan Crises
Analyze German-French rivalry
Evaluate the impact on international relations
Discussion on military competition
Case study analysis of Moroccan crises
Statistical comparison of military forces
Timeline creation of crisis events
Statistical charts
Crisis timeline
Military comparison data
Maps of Morocco
Maps of Balkans
Assassination photographs
Ultimatum documents
War declaration timeline
Schlieffen Plan maps
Trench diagrams
Battle photographs
Casualty statistics
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 3-5
2 3
World wars
Course of World War 1 - Eastern Front and Global War
End of World War 1 - Allied Victory
The peace settlement - Treaty of Versailles
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe the war on Eastern Front
Explain Russia's performance and 1917 Revolution
Analyze the war in Africa and other fronts
Evaluate the global nature of the conflict
Comparative analysis of war fronts
Discussion on Russian Revolution impact
Map work on global campaigns
Research on colonial participation
Eastern Front maps
Revolution timeline
Global war maps
Colonial participation data
Resource comparison charts
American contribution data
Victory timeline
Statistical materials
Peace conference photos
Treaty documents
Before/after maps
Territorial change charts
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 9-11
2 4
World wars
Results of World War 1 - Political and Economic Impact
The league of Nations - Formation and Structure
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Discuss the results of world war 1
Explain collapse of empires
Describe economic devastation
Analyze creation of new nations
Analysis of empire collapse
Economic statistics examination
Map comparison before/after war
Discussion on mandate system
Comparative maps
Economic statistics
Empire collapse charts
New nations data
League Covenant
Organizational charts
Membership lists
Collective security diagrams
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 16-17
3 1
World wars
Performance of the League of Nations - Achievements
Performance of the League of Nations - Failures
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain the achievements of the league
Describe successful interventions
Identify humanitarian work
Evaluate economic and social contributions
Case study analysis of successes
Research on humanitarian activities
Discussion on social achievements
Presentation preparation
Success case studies
Humanitarian reports
Social achievement records
Presentation materials
Failure case studies
Crisis documentation
Structural analysis charts
Debate materials
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 20-23
3 2
World wars
World War II (1939-1945) - Causes
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Discuss the causes of World War II
Explain the failure of peace settlement
Describe the rise of dictatorships
Analyze economic and political factors
Analysis of Versailles Treaty impact
Study of dictators' rise to power
Discussion on Great Depression effects
Cause-and-effect relationship mapping
Treaty impact charts
Dictator biographies
Depression statistics
Causation diagrams
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 23-27
3 3
World wars
Course of World War II - Outbreak and Early Campaigns
Course of World War II - Global Expansion
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Discuss the outbreak of World War II
Explain the invasion of Poland
Describe early German successes
Analyze Blitzkrieg tactics
Chronological study of war outbreak
Analysis of Blitzkrieg strategy
Map work on early campaigns
Discussion on appeasement failure
War outbreak timeline
Blitzkrieg diagrams
Campaign maps
Strategy analysis charts
Eastern Front maps
Pearl Harbor documentation
Pacific theater maps
Global warfare charts
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 25-28
3 4
World wars
Course of World War II - Allied Victory
Results of World War II - Political Changes
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Discuss the defeat of Italy and Germany
Explain major Allied campaigns
Describe D-Day and liberation of Europe
Analyze the end of war in Pacific
Study of major Allied offensives
Analysis of D-Day operation
Discussion on atomic bomb decision
Timeline of final campaigns
Allied campaign maps
D-Day documentation
Atomic bomb data
Victory timeline
Political change charts
Superpower comparison
Post-war maps
Decolonization timeline
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 26-28
4 1
World wars
Results of World War II - Economic, Social and Formation of UN
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe economic and social results
Explain technological advances
Analyze formation of United Nations
Compare UN with League of Nations
Analysis of war's economic impact
Study of technological innovations
Research on UN formation
Comparison with League of Nations
Economic impact data
Technology timelines
UN formation documents
Comparison charts
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 28-29
4 2
International relations
Introduction to International Relations
Formation of International Organizations
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Discuss how nations relate with each other
Define international relations
Explain the importance of international cooperation
Identify factors affecting international relations
Definition and explanation of international relations
Discussion on global interdependence
Case study analysis of bilateral relations
Q&A on cooperation benefits
Charts on global cooperation
World maps
Case study materials
Textbooks
Organization charts
Formation timeline
Post-war documentation
Global governance diagrams
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 30-31
4 3
International relations
The United Nations - Formation and Principles
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain the formation of the United Nations
Describe the San Francisco Conference
Identify UN principles and purposes
Analyze the UN Charter provisions
Study of San Francisco Conference
Analysis of UN Charter
Discussion on UN principles
Comparison with League of Nations
Conference documentation
UN Charter excerpts
Principles charts
Comparison materials
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 30-32
4 4
International relations
UN Organs - General Assembly
UN Organs - Security Council and Others
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Discuss the UN organs
Explain the composition of General Assembly
Describe functions of General Assembly
Analyze decision-making processes
Detailed study of UN structure
Analysis of General Assembly functions
Discussion on voting procedures
Role-play of GA sessions
UN structure diagrams
Assembly function charts
Voting procedure materials
Role-play cards
Security Council charts
Veto power examples
Organ function diagrams
Effectiveness analysis materials
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 32-34
5 1
International relations
UN Organs - International Court of Justice
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain the international court of justice
Describe the composition and jurisdiction
Analyze the role in dispute settlement
Evaluate the effectiveness of ICJ
Study of ICJ structure and functions
Analysis of major cases
Discussion on international law
Case study of dispute resolution
ICJ structure charts
Case study materials
International law examples
Dispute resolution records
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 34-35
5 2
International relations
Specialized Agencies - ILO, FAO, UNESCO
Specialized Agencies - WHO, World Bank, IMF
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
State the specialized agencies of the UN
Explain the functions of ILO
Describe the work of FAO and UNESCO
Analyze their impact on global development
Research on specialized agencies
Presentation on agency functions
Discussion on development impact
Case study analysis
Agency function charts
Development impact data
Presentation materials
Case study examples
WHO program data
World Bank project examples
IMF policy documents
Health initiative records
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 35-38
5 3
International relations
Performance of the UN - Achievements
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Discuss the achievement of the UN
Explain peacekeeping operations
Describe humanitarian assistance
Analyze development programs
Case study of successful operations
Analysis of peacekeeping missions
Discussion on humanitarian work
Research on development projects
Peacekeeping mission data
Humanitarian reports
Development project records
Success story examples
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 38-39
5 4
International relations
Performance of the UN - Decolonization and Human Rights
Challenges of the UN - Structural and Financial
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain UN role in decolonization
Describe human rights promotion
Analyze women's rights advancement
Evaluate democracy promotion efforts
Study of decolonization process
Analysis of human rights declarations
Discussion on gender equality
Research on democracy support
Decolonization timeline
Human rights documents
Gender equality data
Democracy reports
Structural analysis charts
Financial constraint data
Sovereignty debate materials
Intervention case studies
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 38-39
6 1
International relations
Challenges of the UN - Contemporary Issues
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify modern challenges facing UN
Explain terrorism and security threats
Describe climate change challenges
Analyze reform proposals
Discussion on modern security threats
Analysis of climate change impact
Research on UN reform proposals
Debate on organizational effectiveness
Security threat reports
Climate change data
Reform proposal documents
Effectiveness analysis
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 39-40
6 2
International relations
The Commonwealth - Formation and Membership
The Commonwealth - Principles and Structure
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Discuss the formation of the commonwealth
Explain the evolution from British Empire
Describe membership criteria
Analyze the Statute of Westminster
Study of Commonwealth evolution
Analysis of membership requirements
Discussion on voluntary association
Timeline of Commonwealth development
Evolution timeline
Membership criteria charts
Association documents
Development records
Principles documentation
Structure diagrams
Equality examples
Function charts
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 40-42
6 3
International relations
Functions of the Commonwealth
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain the functions of the commonwealth
Describe financial and technical assistance
Identify trade promotion activities
Analyze educational and cultural cooperation
Research on Commonwealth functions
Analysis of assistance programs
Discussion on trade benefits
Study of educational exchanges
Function analysis charts
Assistance program data
Trade statistics
Educational exchange records
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 44-45
6 4
International relations
Challenges facing the Commonwealth
The Cold War - Origins and Causes
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain the challenges facing the commonwealth
Describe economic disparities
Identify political differences
Analyze declining relevance issues
Discussion on Commonwealth challenges
Analysis of economic disparities
Debate on political differences
Research on relevance issues
Challenge analysis materials
Economic disparity data
Political difference examples
Relevance studies
Origin analysis charts
Ideology comparison materials
Tension timeline
Rivalry documentation
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 45-46
7 1
International relations
The Cold War - Iron Curtain and Early Conflicts
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain the Iron Curtain policy
Describe the Truman Doctrine
Analyze the Marshall Plan
Evaluate early Cold War developments
Study of Iron Curtain concept
Analysis of Truman Doctrine
Discussion on Marshall Plan impact
Timeline of early Cold War events
Iron Curtain maps
Doctrine documents
Marshall Plan data
Event timeline
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 48-50
7 2
International relations
Course of the Cold War - European Division
Course of the Cold War - Global Conflicts
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Discuss how the cold war developed and spread
Explain the division of Germany
Describe NATO and Warsaw Pact formation
Analyze the Berlin Crisis
Study of European division
Analysis of Germany partition
Discussion on military alliances
Case study of Berlin Crisis
Division maps
Alliance formation charts
Military bloc diagrams
Berlin Crisis documentation
Global conflict maps
Cuban Crisis documentation
Proxy war examples
Space race timeline
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 50-52
7 3
International relations
Easing the Cold War - Détente
End of Cold War - Factors and Consequences
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Discuss the easing the cold war
Explain the concept of détente
Describe arms limitation treaties
Analyze improved superpower relations
Study of détente policy
Analysis of arms control agreements
Discussion on improved relations
Timeline of peaceful coexistence
Détente policy documents
Arms control treaties
Relation improvement data
Coexistence timeline
Ending factors charts
Reform documentation
Collapse timeline
New world order analysis
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 54-56
7 4
International relations
Effects of the Cold War
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain the effects of the cold war
Describe global political changes
Analyze economic consequences
Evaluate impact on developing countries
Analysis of Cold War effects
Discussion on political realignment
Study of economic impact
Research on Third World effects
Effects analysis charts
Political change data
Economic impact studies
Third World impact records
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 56-57
8 1
International relations
The Non-Aligned Movement - Origins
Reasons for the rise of the NAM
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Discuss the origin of the Pan-Africanism
Explain the meaning of Non-Aligned Movement
Identify founder members
Describe the Bandung Conference
Study of NAM origins
Analysis of non-alignment concept
Research on founding leaders
Discussion on Bandung Conference
Origin documentation
Concept analysis materials
Founder biographies
Conference records
Formation reason charts
Pressure analysis data
Decolonization timeline
Independence records
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 54-55
8 2
International relations
NAM Structure and Organization
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain the structure of NAM
Describe summit conferences
Identify key principles
Analyze decision-making processes
Study of NAM organizational structure
Analysis of summit conferences
Discussion on guiding principles
Examination of consensus building
Structure diagrams
Conference records
Principles documentation
Decision-making charts
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 56-57
8 3
International relations
Cooperation in Africa
Performance of the NAM - Achievements and Challenges
Pan-Africanism - Origins and Early Development
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Discuss the achievements of NAM
Explain contributions to world peace
Describe challenges faced
Analyze contemporary relevance
Case study of NAM achievements
Analysis of peace contributions
Discussion on movement challenges
Debate on current relevance
Achievement records
Peace contribution data
Challenge analysis materials
Relevance studies
Origin charts
Leader biographies
Conference records
Diaspora maps
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 57-58
8 4
Cooperation in Africa
Development of Pan-Africanism - Key Figures
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Discuss the development of Pan-Africanism
Explain contributions of Du Bois and Garvey
Describe the role of Booker T. Washington
Analyze George Padmore's influence
Detailed study of key Pan-Africanists
Analysis of their different approaches
Discussion on ideological differences
Timeline of Pan-Africanist activities
Leader comparison charts
Ideological analysis materials
Approach comparison diagrams
Activity timeline
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 62-65
9 1
Cooperation in Africa
Pan-Africanism After 1945
Achievements of Pan-Africanism
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain Pan-Africanism activities after 1945
Describe the Manchester Conference
Analyze the shift to Africa
Evaluate the impact on independence movements
Study of post-1945 developments
Analysis of Manchester Conference
Discussion on continental shift
Research on independence impact
Post-1945 timeline
Conference documentation
Continental shift maps
Independence records
Achievement records
Independence timeline
Consciousness development data
Limitation analysis charts
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 65-67
9 2
Cooperation in Africa
Organization of African Unity - Formation
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Discuss the origin and structure of OAU
Explain the Addis Ababa Conference
Describe the OAU Charter
Analyze the dissolution of rival groups
Study of OAU formation process
Analysis of founding conference
Examination of Charter provisions
Discussion on group unification
Formation documentation
Conference records
Charter excerpts
Group unification charts
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 68-71
9 3
Cooperation in Africa
Organization of African Unity - Structure and Objectives
OAU Performance - Achievements and Challenges
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain the structure of OAU
Describe the main organs
Identify objectives and principles
Analyze decision-making processes
Detailed study of OAU structure
Analysis of organizational organs
Discussion on objectives achievement
Examination of decision procedures
Structure diagrams
Organ function charts
Objectives analysis
Decision-making flowcharts
Achievement case studies
Liberation support records
Challenge analysis materials
Performance data
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 71-73
9 4
Cooperation in Africa
The African Union - Formation and Objectives
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Discuss the formation and structure of the AU
Explain the objectives of AU
Describe differences from OAU
Analyze the transition process
Study of AU formation
Analysis of AU objectives
Comparison with OAU
Discussion on transition challenges
Formation timeline
Objectives charts
Comparison materials
Transition documentation
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 76-80
10 1
Cooperation in Africa
African Union - Structure and Organs
East African Community - Formation and Objectives
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain the structure of AU
Describe the main organs
Identify specialized institutions
Analyze the effectiveness of structure
Detailed study of AU structure
Analysis of organ functions
Research on specialized institutions
Evaluation of structural effectiveness
Structure diagrams
Organ charts
Institution profiles
Effectiveness analysis
Formation history charts
Treaty documents
Objectives analysis
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 78-81
10 2
Cooperation in Africa
EAC - Achievements and Collapse
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain EAC achievements up to 1977
Describe challenges leading to collapse
Analyze reasons for failure
Evaluate lessons learned
Case study of EAC achievements
Analysis of collapse factors
Discussion on failure reasons
Lesson extraction exercise
Achievement records
Collapse factor analysis
Failure reason charts
Lesson documentation
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 84-89
10 3
Cooperation in Africa
New EAC (2001) - Revival and Expansion
ECOWAS - Formation and Objectives
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain the revival of EAC in 2001
Describe new membership expansion
Identify objectives and structure
Analyze achievements and challenges
Study of EAC revival process
Analysis of membership expansion
Discussion on new objectives
Evaluation of current performance
Revival timeline
Membership expansion charts
New objectives analysis
Performance data
Formation documentation
Treaty analysis
Cooperation benefits charts
Structure diagrams
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 87-90
10 4
Cooperation in Africa
ECOWAS - Performance and Challenges
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain the performance and challenges of ECOWAS
Describe achievements in trade and security
Identify major challenges
Evaluate peacekeeping efforts
Case study of ECOWAS achievements
Analysis of trade promotion
Discussion on security challenges
Research on peacekeeping missions
Achievement case studies
Trade statistics
Security challenge data
Peacekeeping records
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 92-93
11 1
Cooperation in Africa
COMESA - Formation and Structure (Part 1)
COMESA - Structure and Functions (Part 2)
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
State the structure of COMESA
Explain The Authority and Council of Ministers
Describe Court of Justice functions
Identify Committee of Governors roles
Study of COMESA organizational structure
Analysis of top-level organs
Discussion on decision-making hierarchy
Examination of judicial functions
Structure charts
Authority function diagrams
Council role analysis
Court procedure materials
Technical committee charts
Secretariat role diagrams
Consultative process materials
Function analysis
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 93-95
11 2
Cooperation in Africa
COMESA - Performance and Achievements
COMESA - Challenges and Future Prospects
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain the achievements of COMESA
Describe trade facilitation efforts
Identify development projects
Analyze economic integration progress
Case study of COMESA achievements
Analysis of trade statistics
Research on development projects
Evaluation of integration progress
Achievement documentation
Trade facilitation data
Project records
Integration progress charts
Challenge analysis materials
Membership conflict data
Economic disparity charts
Solution proposal templates
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 96-97
11 3
Cooperation in Africa
Regional Integration - Comparative Analysis
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Compare different African regional organizations
Analyze success factors and challenges
Evaluate lessons learned
Assess future of African integration
Comparative study of regional bodies
Analysis of success and failure factors
Discussion on best practices
Debate on integration future
Comparison charts
Success factor analysis
Best practice examples
Future projection materials
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 93-98
11 4
Cooperation in Africa
National Philosophies (Kenya)
Continental Integration - AU and Regional Bodies
Introduction to National Philosophies
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain relationship between AU and regional organizations
Describe coordination mechanisms
Analyze integration challenges
Evaluate prospects for continental unity
Study of AU-regional body relationships
Analysis of coordination mechanisms
Discussion on integration obstacles
Future prospects evaluation
Relationship diagrams
Coordination charts
Integration challenge analysis
Unity prospect materials
Philosophy definition charts
Ideology comparison materials
Kenya's philosophy timeline
Textbooks
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 76-98
12 1
National Philosophies (Kenya)
African socialism - Origin and development
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain the origin of African Socialism
Describe the Sessional Paper No. 10 of 1965
Identify the role of Tom Mboya
Analyze the principles of African Socialism
Study of Sessional Paper No. 10
Analysis of Tom Mboya's contribution
Discussion on African traditions
Examination of political democracy and mutual social responsibility
Sessional Paper documents
Tom Mboya biography
African traditions charts
Political democracy materials
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 99-100
12 2
National Philosophies (Kenya)
Main features of African Socialism
Significance of African Socialism
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
State the main features of African Socialism
Explain various forms of ownership
Describe planning and resource mobilization
Analyze Kenyanization policies
Discussion on socialism features
Analysis of ownership types
Study of planning mechanisms
Research on Kenyanization process
Feature comparison charts
Ownership type diagrams
Planning framework materials
Kenyanization documentation
Impact assessment materials
Constitutional excerpts
Economic development data
Democratic progress charts
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 100-101
12 3
National Philosophies (Kenya)
Harambee Philosophy - Origin and development
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain the origin and development of Harambee philosophy
Describe Jomo Kenyatta's role
Identify the aims of Harambee
Analyze the principles of Harambee
Study of Harambee origins
Analysis of Kenyatta's contribution
Discussion on self-reliance concept
Examination of Harambee principles
Harambee origin charts
Kenyatta biography
Self-reliance materials
Principles documentation
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 101-103
12 4
National Philosophies (Kenya)
The Role of Harambee in Development
Nyayo Philosophy - Origin and development
Impact of National Philosophies and Assessment
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain the role of Harambee in national development
Describe contributions to education
Identify health sector achievements
Analyze challenges facing Harambee
Case study of Harambee projects
Analysis of educational contributions
Research on health facilities
Discussion on Harambee challenges
Project case studies
Educational achievement data
Health facility records
Challenge analysis materials
Nyayo origin documentation
Moi biography materials
Philosophy source charts
Three pillars diagrams
Impact assessment charts
Combined effects analysis
Modern relevance studies
Effectiveness evaluation materials
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 103-104

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