Scientific Investigation

Introduction to Integrated Science - Components of Integrated Science
Introduction to Integrated Science - Physics as a component

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Define the term Integrated Science
- Identify the three components of Integrated Science
- Show interest in learning about science components

- Brainstorm on the components of Integrated Science in groups
- Use charts to identify Physics, Chemistry and Biology
- Discuss the meaning of Integrated Science
- Draw and label a diagram showing the three components

How does integration help us understand science better?

- Master Integrated Science pg. 1
- Charts showing science components
- Digital resources
- Master Integrated Science pg. 2
- Digital devices
- Reference books

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Scientific Investigation

Introduction to Integrated Science - Chemistry as a component
Introduction to Integrated Science - Biology as a component
Introduction to Integrated Science - Importance in agriculture
Introduction to Integrated Science - Importance in health

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Define Chemistry
- Give examples of Chemistry concepts
- Show interest in chemical processes

- Explain how science improves farming
- Identify scientific tools used in agriculture
- Appreciate science applications in food production

- Discuss the definition of Chemistry
- Identify Chemistry concepts from everyday life
- Observe chemical changes in the environment
- Record observations in exercise books
- Study pictures showing modern farming methods
- Discuss how science helps increase crop production
- Visit the school garden to observe scientific practices
- Create a chart on science in agriculture

How does Chemistry help us understand matter?
How has science transformed agriculture?

- Master Integrated Science pg. 2
- Laboratory chemicals
- Charts
- Living specimens
- Magnifying glass
- Master Integrated Science pg. 3
- Pictures of farming tools
- School garden
- Master Integrated Science pg. 4
- Pictures of medical equipment
- First aid kit

- Written tests - Observations - Oral presentations
- Practical observations - Chart making - Oral presentations

Scientific Investigation

Introduction to Integrated Science - Importance in transport
Introduction to Integrated Science - Importance in food and textile

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain scientific innovations in transport
- Identify eco-friendly transport methods
- Appreciate technological advancement in transport

- Study pictures of different transport methods
- Discuss electric vehicles and their benefits
- Compare traditional and modern transport
- Create a timeline of transport evolution

How has science improved transportation?

- Master Integrated Science pg. 5
- Pictures of vehicles
- Internet access
- Food packages
- Fabric samples

- Timeline creation - Group discussions - Observations

Scientific Investigation

Introduction to Integrated Science - Importance in industry

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain how science helps industries
- Identify industrial processes
- Value environmental conservation in industries

- Study pictures of industries and their products
- Discuss recycling and waste management
- Create models of simple machines
- Present findings on industrial applications

How do industries use science to make products?

- Master Integrated Science pg. 6
- Pictures of industries
- Recycled materials

- Model making - Presentations - Group work

Scientific Investigation

Introduction to Integrated Science - Career opportunities

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify science-related careers
- Explain pathways in STEM education
- Show interest in science careers

- Create a career chart using available materials
- Research science careers using digital devices
- Interview a science professional
- Display career information

What career opportunities does science offer?

- Master Integrated Science pg. 7
- Career magazines
- Digital devices

- Career chart assessment - Interview reports - Presentations

Scientific Investigation

Introduction to Integrated Science - STEM pathways
Introduction to Integrated Science - Project work and review

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain STEM pathway components
- Identify senior school science options
- Appreciate the importance of STEM education

- Create a comprehensive career chart
- Present science importance findings
- Demonstrate understanding of Integrated Science

- Study STEM pathway diagram
- Discuss Pure Sciences, Applied Sciences, and Technical Engineering
- Create a pathway flow chart
- Share findings with peers
- Complete the career chart project
- Present projects to classmates
- Review all topics covered
- Conduct peer assessment

How does Integrated Science prepare us for senior school?
What have we learned about Integrated Science?

- Master Integrated Science pg. 8
- STEM pathway charts
- Manila papers
- Master Integrated Science pg. 9
- Project materials
- Assessment rubrics

- Flow chart creation - Peer discussions - Written assignments
- Project assessment - Peer evaluation - Self-assessment

Scientific Investigation

Laboratory Safety - Defining a laboratory

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Define the term laboratory
- Identify places where laboratories are found
- Appreciate the importance of laboratories

- Visit the school laboratory
- Discuss what a laboratory is used for
- Identify different types of laboratories
- Share experiences about laboratory visits

What is a laboratory and why is it important?

- Master Integrated Science pg. 13
- School laboratory
- Pictures of laboratories

- Practical observations - Oral questions - Written definitions

Scientific Investigation

Laboratory Safety - Common hazards and symbols

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify common laboratory hazards
- Recognize hazard symbols
- Show concern for laboratory safety

- Observe hazard symbols on chemical containers
- Draw and name different hazard symbols
- Discuss the meaning of each symbol
- Create a safety symbols chart

What do laboratory hazard symbols tell us?

- Master Integrated Science pg. 14
- Chemical containers with labels
- Drawing materials

- Symbol identification - Chart creation - Practical work

Scientific Investigation

Laboratory Safety - Flammable substances

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify flammable substances
- Explain safety measures for flammable materials
- Practice safe handling of such substances

- Identify the flammable symbol
- Discuss substances that catch fire easily
- Practice proper storage methods
- Demonstrate safe handling procedures

How should we handle substances that catch fire easily?

- Master Integrated Science pg. 15
- Flammable substance containers
- Safety equipment

- Practical demonstrations - Safety practice assessment - Oral questions

Scientific Investigation

Laboratory Safety - Toxic substances
Laboratory Safety - Corrosive substances

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify toxic substances
- Explain dangers of toxic materials
- Practice safety measures when near toxic substances

- Identify corrosive substances
- Explain the effects of corrosive materials
- Practice safe handling of corrosive substances

- Identify the toxic symbol
- Discuss harmful effects of toxic substances
- Practice using protective equipment
- Demonstrate proper disposal methods
- Identify the corrosive symbol
- Discuss damage caused by corrosive substances
- Practice emergency procedures
- Demonstrate proper storage

Why are some laboratory substances dangerous to our health?
What happens when corrosive substances touch our skin?

- Master Integrated Science pg. 15
- Protective equipment
- Toxic substance labels
- Master Integrated Science pg. 16
- Corrosive warning labels
- Safety equipment

- Practical demonstrations - Safety assessment - Written tests
- Emergency procedure practice - Safety demonstrations - Oral assessments

Scientific Investigation

Laboratory Safety - Radioactive and carcinogenic substances

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify radioactive and carcinogenic symbols
- Explain the dangers of radiation and cancer-causing substances
- Appreciate the need for extreme caution

- Identify radioactive and carcinogenic symbols
- Discuss health effects of radiation
- Learn about protective measures
- Practice safety protocols

Why do we need special protection from radioactive materials?

- Master Integrated Science pg. 16
- Radioactive warning labels
- Safety protocols chart

- Safety protocol demonstration - Symbol recognition - Written assessments

Scientific Investigation

Laboratory Safety - Radioactive and carcinogenic substances

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify radioactive and carcinogenic symbols
- Explain the dangers of radiation and cancer-causing substances
- Appreciate the need for extreme caution

- Identify radioactive and carcinogenic symbols
- Discuss health effects of radiation
- Learn about protective measures
- Practice safety protocols

Why do we need special protection from radioactive materials?

- Master Integrated Science pg. 16
- Radioactive warning labels
- Safety protocols chart

- Safety protocol demonstration - Symbol recognition - Written assessments

Scientific Investigation

Laboratory Safety - Causes of laboratory accidents

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify common causes of laboratory accidents
- Explain how accidents occur
- Develop awareness to prevent accidents

- Discuss common laboratory accidents
- Analyze case studies of laboratory incidents
- Identify unsafe practices
- Create an accident prevention checklist

How do accidents happen in the laboratory?

- Master Integrated Science pg. 17
- Case study materials
- Accident report forms

- Case study analysis - Checklist creation - Group discussions

Scientific Investigation

Laboratory Safety - Burns and scalds
Laboratory Safety - Cuts and injuries

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Distinguish between burns and scalds
- Identify causes of burns and scalds
- Practice prevention measures

- Identify causes of cuts in the laboratory
- Practice safe handling of glassware
- Demonstrate proper cleanup procedures

- Differentiate between dry heat burns and wet heat scalds
- Identify sources of burns and scalds in the laboratory
- Practice proper handling of hot equipment
- Demonstrate safety procedures
- Handle glassware safely
- Practice proper disposal of broken glass
- Demonstrate safe cutting techniques
- Learn emergency response for cuts

What is the difference between burns and scalds?
How can we prevent cuts when using glassware?

- Master Integrated Science pg. 18
- Hot water demonstration setup
- Safety equipment
- Master Integrated Science pg. 18
- Glassware samples
- Safety gloves

- Practical demonstrations - Safety procedure assessment - Oral questions
- Safe handling demonstration - Emergency response practice - Practical assessment

Scientific Investigation

Laboratory Safety - Ingestion of harmful substances

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain how harmful substances can be ingested
- Practice hygiene measures in the laboratory
- Demonstrate emergency response procedures

- Discuss how chemicals can accidentally enter the body
- Practice proper hand washing techniques
- Learn about eating restrictions in the laboratory
- Demonstrate emergency first aid

Why should we never eat or drink in the laboratory?

- Master Integrated Science pg. 19
- Hand washing stations
- Emergency contact information

- Hygiene practice assessment - Emergency procedure demonstration - Written tests

Scientific Investigation

Laboratory Safety - First aid for burns and scalds

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Demonstrate first aid for burns
- Demonstrate first aid for scalds
- Practice emergency response procedures

- Learn the steps for treating burns
- Practice cooling burn injuries
- Demonstrate proper wound covering
- Role-play emergency situations

What should we do immediately when someone gets burned?

- Master Integrated Science pg. 20
- First aid kit
- Cold water supply

- First aid demonstration - Role-play assessment - Practical skills test

Scientific Investigation

Laboratory Safety - First aid for cuts

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Demonstrate first aid for cuts
- Practice wound cleaning procedures
- Show competence in bandaging techniques

- Learn proper wound cleaning methods
- Practice applying pressure to stop bleeding
- Demonstrate bandaging techniques
- Role-play cut injury scenarios

How do we properly treat a cut to prevent infection?

- Master Integrated Science pg. 21
- Bandages and gauze
- Antiseptic solution

- Bandaging skills assessment - First aid demonstration - Practical evaluation

Scientific Investigation

Laboratory Safety - First aid for ingestion emergencies
Laboratory Safety - Importance of safety measures

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Demonstrate first aid for poisoning
- Practice emergency communication
- Show knowledge of when not to induce vomiting

- Explain why laboratory safety is important
- Value personal and others' safety
- Appreciate the role of safety in learning

- Learn appropriate responses to chemical ingestion
- Practice emergency calling procedures
- Understand poison control measures
- Role-play poisoning emergencies
- Discuss benefits of following safety rules
- Analyze consequences of ignoring safety
- Create safety promotion materials
- Present safety importance to younger students

What should we do if someone swallows a harmful chemical?
Why is it important to follow safety rules in the laboratory?

- Master Integrated Science pg. 21
- Emergency contact numbers
- Poison control information
- Master Integrated Science pg. 22
- Safety promotion materials
- Presentation equipment

- Emergency response demonstration - Communication skills assessment - Scenario-based evaluation
- Safety presentation assessment - Material creation evaluation - Peer teaching assessment

Scientific Investigation

Laboratory Apparatus and Instruments - Basic skills in science

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Define basic skills in science
- Identify different science process skills
- Appreciate the importance of scientific skills

- Brainstorm on scientific skills
- Identify skills used in daily activities
- Practice observation and classification
- Discuss the importance of each skill

Why are basic skills important in science?

- Master Integrated Science pg. 25
- Observable objects
- Classification materials

- Skills demonstration - Practical observations - Oral assessments

Scientific Investigation

Laboratory Apparatus and Instruments - Manipulative skills

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Define manipulative skills
- Practice handling laboratory equipment
- Demonstrate safe manipulation techniques

- Handle various laboratory tools
- Practice proper gripping techniques
- Demonstrate equipment care
- Show safe manipulation methods

How do we safely handle laboratory equipment?

- Master Integrated Science pg. 26
- Laboratory equipment
- Safety gloves

- Equipment handling assessment - Safety demonstration - Practical skills evaluation

Scientific Investigation

Laboratory Apparatus and Instruments - Observation skills

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Define observation skills
- Practice using different senses for observation
- Record observations accurately

- Use all senses to observe objects
- Practice detailed observation techniques
- Record observations systematically
- Compare observations with classmates

What can we learn by observing carefully?

- Master Integrated Science pg. 26
- Various objects for observation
- Observation recording sheets

- Observation recording assessment - Accuracy evaluation - Systematic recording check

Scientific Investigation

Laboratory Apparatus and Instruments - Measurement skills

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Define measurement skills
- Use appropriate measuring instruments
- Record measurements accurately

- Practice using rulers and tape measures
- Measure various objects in the classroom
- Record measurements in proper units
- Compare measurement accuracy

How do we measure objects accurately?

- Master Integrated Science pg. 27
- Rulers and measuring tapes
- Objects to measure

- Measurement accuracy assessment - Unit usage evaluation - Recording skills check

Scientific Investigation

Laboratory Apparatus and Instruments - Classification skills

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Define classification skills
- Practice grouping objects by properties
- Create classification systems

- Sort objects by different characteristics
- Create classification charts
- Practice biological classification
- Develop personal classification systems

How do we organize things into groups?

- Master Integrated Science pg. 27
- Various objects for sorting
- Classification charts

- Classification accuracy assessment - Chart creation evaluation - System development check

Scientific Investigation

Laboratory Apparatus and Instruments - Prediction and communication skills

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Define prediction and communication skills
- Make reasonable predictions
- Communicate findings effectively

- Make predictions about simple experiments
- Test predictions through observation
- Communicate results to classmates
- Practice scientific reporting

How do we share our scientific discoveries?

- Master Integrated Science pg. 27
- Simple experiment materials
- Communication aids

- Prediction accuracy assessment - Communication skills evaluation - Scientific reporting check

Scientific Investigation

Laboratory Apparatus and Instruments - Heating apparatus identification

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify heating apparatus in the laboratory
- Name different heating instruments
- Understand the purpose of each heating device

- Observe different heating apparatus
- Identify Bunsen burners, spirit lamps, and hot plates
- Discuss uses of each heating device
- Create a chart of heating equipment

What equipment do we use for heating in the laboratory?

- Master Integrated Science pg. 28
- Various heating apparatus
- Equipment identification charts

- Equipment identification assessment - Chart creation evaluation - Purpose explanation check

Scientific Investigation

Laboratory Apparatus and Instruments - Parts of a Bunsen burner
Laboratory Apparatus and Instruments - Using and caring for heating apparatus

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify parts of a Bunsen burner
- Explain the function of each part
- Draw a labeled diagram of a Bunsen burner

- Demonstrate proper use of heating apparatus
- Practice safety measures while heating
- Show proper care and maintenance procedures

- Examine a real Bunsen burner
- Identify and label each part
- Discuss the function of each component
- Draw accurate labeled diagrams
- Practice lighting a Bunsen burner safely
- Demonstrate proper flame adjustment
- Practice cleaning and storage procedures
- Follow safety protocols throughout

What are the different parts of a Bunsen burner?
How do we safely use and care for heating equipment?

- Master Integrated Science pg. 30
- Bunsen burner
- Labeling materials
- Master Integrated Science pg. 31
- Heating apparatus
- Safety equipment

- Diagram labeling assessment - Function explanation evaluation - Drawing accuracy check
- Safe usage demonstration - Care procedure assessment - Safety protocol evaluation

Scientific Investigation

Laboratory Apparatus and Instruments - Mass measuring instruments

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify instruments for measuring mass
- Distinguish between electronic and beam balances
- Practice proper use of weighing instruments

- Identify different types of balances
- Practice using electronic balances
- Compare beam balance and electronic balance
- Measure masses of various objects

What instruments do we use to measure mass?

- Master Integrated Science pg. 34
- Electronic and beam balances
- Objects for weighing

- Balance usage assessment - Measurement accuracy evaluation - Comparison skills check

Scientific Investigation

Laboratory Apparatus and Instruments - Temperature measuring instruments

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify temperature measuring instruments
- Read thermometers accurately
- Practice proper thermometer handling

- Identify different types of thermometers
- Practice reading temperature scales
- Measure temperatures of various substances
- Learn proper thermometer care

How do we measure temperature accurately?

- Master Integrated Science pg. 36
- Various thermometers
- Substances at different temperatures

- Reading accuracy assessment - Handling skills evaluation - Care procedure check

Scientific Investigation

Laboratory Apparatus and Instruments - Length measuring instruments

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify length measuring instruments
- Use rulers, calipers, and micrometers
- Practice accurate length measurements

- Use rulers and tape measures
- Practice with vernier calipers
- Learn micrometer screw gauge usage
- Measure various object dimensions

What tools help us measure length precisely?

- Master Integrated Science pg. 39
- Rulers, calipers, micrometers
- Objects for measurement

- Measurement precision assessment - Tool usage evaluation - Accuracy comparison check

Scientific Investigation

Laboratory Apparatus and Instruments - Volume and weight measuring
Laboratory Apparatus and Instruments - Magnification tools and SI units

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify volume measuring apparatus
- Use spring balances for weight measurement
- Practice accurate volume and weight measurements

- Identify magnification instruments
- Use microscopes and hand lenses
- Understand SI units for measurements

- Use measuring cylinders and pipettes
- Practice with spring balances
- Measure volumes of liquids
- Determine weights of objects
- Practice using hand lenses
- Learn microscope parts and functions
- Use microscopes to observe specimens
- Review all SI units covered

How do we measure volume and weight in the laboratory?
How do we see tiny objects and express measurements?

- Master Integrated Science pg. 45
- Volume measuring apparatus
- Spring balances
- Master Integrated Science pg. 49
- Microscopes and hand lenses
- SI unit reference charts

- Volume measurement assessment - Weight determination evaluation - Apparatus usage check
- Microscope usage assessment - Magnification skills evaluation - SI unit application check

Scientific Investigation

Laboratory Apparatus and Instruments - Practical skills assessment

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Demonstrate competency in using all apparatus
- Show mastery of safety procedures
- Apply measurement skills accurately

- Complete practical skills stations
- Demonstrate all learned procedures
- Apply safety measures consistently
- Show measurement competency

How well can we use laboratory equipment safely and accurately?

- Master Integrated Science pg. 25-56
- All apparatus covered
- Assessment rubrics

- Comprehensive practical assessment - Skills demonstration evaluation - Safety competency check

Scientific Investigation

Laboratory Apparatus and Instruments - Review and consolidation

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Review all concepts covered in the strand
- Demonstrate understanding through assessment
- Appreciate the importance of scientific investigation

- Review all sub-strand topics
- Complete comprehensive assessment
- Reflect on learning achievements
- Plan for future learning

What have we learned about scientific investigation?

- Master Integrated Science pg. 25-56
- Review materials
- Assessment papers

- Comprehensive written assessment - Reflection evaluation - Learning progress check

Mixtures, Elements and Compounds

Mixtures - Components of Integrated Science as a field of study

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Define a mixture
- Differentiate between homogeneous and heterogeneous mixtures
- Show interest in learning about mixtures

- Brainstorm on the meaning of mixtures
- Discuss examples of mixtures found at home and school
- Categorize mixtures as homogeneous or heterogeneous

How do we identify different types of mixtures in our environment?

Master Integrated Science pg. 72
- Digital resources
- Internet access

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Mixtures, Elements and Compounds

Mixtures - Categorising mixtures as homogenous or heterogeneous
Mixtures - Solute, solvent and solution
Mixtures - Identifying solute, solvent and solution in mixtures
Mixtures - Separation by evaporation

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify mixtures in the environment
- Categorise mixtures as homogeneous or heterogeneous
- Appreciate the importance of understanding different types of mixtures

- Identify solute, solvent and solution in various mixtures
- Explain the process of dissolving
- Appreciate the concept of solutions in daily life

- Take a walk in the school environment to identify mixtures
- Record different types of mixtures observed
- Use a table to categorise mixtures as homogeneous or heterogeneous
- Carry out activity using salt and water to identify solute, solvent and solution
- Observe and record the dissolving process
- Discuss observations with peers

What makes a mixture homogeneous or heterogeneous?
What happens when a solute dissolves in a solvent?

Master Integrated Science pg. 72
- Exercise books
- Environment for observation
Master Integrated Science pg. 74
- Salt and water
- Beakers and stirring rods
Master Integrated Science pg. 74
- Common salt
- Water
- Beakers
- Stirring rods
Master Integrated Science pg. 76
- Salt, water
- Evaporating dish
- Bunsen burner
- Tripod stand

- Practical work - Observation - Checklist
- Practical work - Observation - Oral questions

Mixtures, Elements and Compounds

Mixtures - Separation by crystallisation
Mixtures - Simple distillation setup

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain the crystallisation process
- Separate mixtures using crystallisation method
- Show appreciation for the crystallisation method

- Prepare saturated salt solution
- Heat solution gently while stirring
- Allow cooling and observe crystal formation
- Filter and dry the crystals

What is the difference between evaporation and crystallisation?

Master Integrated Science pg. 78
- Salt, distilled water
- Evaporating dish
- Filter paper and funnel
Master Integrated Science pg. 80
- Distillation apparatus
- Safety equipment

- Practical work - Observation - Written tests

Mixtures, Elements and Compounds

Mixtures - Separation by simple distillation
Mixtures - Fractional distillation setup

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Demonstrate simple distillation process
- Explain how simple distillation works
- Show interest in distillation methods

- Separate salt and water using simple distillation
- Observe temperature changes during heating
- Collect distillate and examine residue
- Record observations

How does simple distillation separate components of different boiling points?

Master Integrated Science pg. 80
- Salt solution
- Complete distillation setup
- Thermometer
Master Integrated Science pg. 82
- Fractional distillation apparatus
- Digital devices for research

- Practical work - Assessment rubrics - Observation schedule

Mixtures, Elements and Compounds

Mixtures - Separation by fractional distillation

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Demonstrate fractional distillation process
- Explain separation of miscible liquids
- Show appreciation for advanced separation techniques

- Separate water and ethanol mixture using fractional distillation
- Monitor temperature changes
- Collect fractions at different temperatures
- Discuss applications

How are miscible liquids with close boiling points separated?

Master Integrated Science pg. 82
- Water and ethanol mixture
- Complete fractional distillation setup

- Practical work - Assessment rubrics - Written tests

Mixtures, Elements and Compounds

Mixtures - Separation by sublimation
Mixtures - Separation by solvent extraction

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Define sublimation and deposition
- Demonstrate separation using sublimation
- Appreciate sublimation as a separation method

- Explain solvent extraction method
- Extract oil from nuts using solvent extraction
- Show interest in extraction processes

- Separate iodine from impurities using sublimation
- Observe purple vapour formation
- Collect pure iodine crystals on cool surfaces
- Discuss other substances that sublime
- Crush groundnuts and add propanone
- Allow mixture to settle and decant solution
- Evaporate solvent to obtain oil
- Test oil properties using filter paper

How does sublimation help in purifying substances?
How are useful substances extracted from natural materials?

Master Integrated Science pg. 84
- Impure iodine
- Evaporating dish
- Filter funnel
- Cotton wool
Master Integrated Science pg. 86
- Groundnuts or seeds
- Propanone
- Mortar and pestle
- Filter paper

- Practical work - Observation - Oral questions
- Practical work - Assessment rubrics - Observation schedule

Mixtures, Elements and Compounds

Mixtures - Separation by solvent extraction

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain solvent extraction method
- Extract oil from nuts using solvent extraction
- Show interest in extraction processes

- Crush groundnuts and add propanone
- Allow mixture to settle and decant solution
- Evaporate solvent to obtain oil
- Test oil properties using filter paper

How are useful substances extracted from natural materials?

Master Integrated Science pg. 86
- Groundnuts or seeds
- Propanone
- Mortar and pestle
- Filter paper

- Practical work - Assessment rubrics - Observation schedule

Mixtures, Elements and Compounds

Mixtures - Separation by chromatography

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Define paper chromatography
- Demonstrate chromatography technique
- Appreciate chromatography as an analytical tool

- Prepare filter paper strip
- Apply ink spot and dip in propanone
- Observe separation of ink components
- Measure distances travelled by components

How does chromatography separate components of colored mixtures?

Master Integrated Science pg. 88
- Black ink
- Filter paper
- Propanone
- Measuring cylinder

- Practical work - Observation - Written assignments

Mixtures, Elements and Compounds

Mixtures - Extended chromatography activity

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Apply chromatography technique to different materials
- Explain solubility differences in separation
- Show interest in analytical chemistry

- Use different ink samples for chromatography
- Apply radial chromatography technique
- Compare results from different inks
- Discuss solubility and movement patterns

Why do different components move different distances in chromatography?

Master Integrated Science pg. 90
- Various pen inks
- Filter papers
- Propanone
- Droppers

- Practical work - Assessment rubrics - Checklist

Mixtures, Elements and Compounds

Mixtures - Applications of separation methods in daily life
Mixtures - Matching separation methods with applications

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify applications of separation methods in industries
- Explain real-life uses of separation techniques
- Appreciate the importance of separation methods in society

- Match separation methods with appropriate applications
- Explain choice of separation method for specific mixtures
- Show appreciation for scientific problem-solving

- Study images showing industrial applications
- Discuss separation methods used in salt production
- Research applications using digital devices
- Present findings to classmates
- Complete table matching activities with separation methods
- Discuss why specific methods are used for particular applications
- Analyze real-world separation scenarios

How are separation methods applied in industries and daily life?
Which separation method is most suitable for a given mixture?

Master Integrated Science pg. 92
- Digital devices
- Industrial application images
- Reference materials
Master Integrated Science pg. 94
- Activity tables
- Course book
- Reference materials

- Research presentation - Oral questions - Written tests
- Written assignments - Assessment rubrics - Oral questions

Mixtures, Elements and Compounds

Mixtures - Review of separation methods

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Summarize all separation methods learned
- Compare advantages and disadvantages of different methods
- Demonstrate understanding of separation principles

- Review all separation methods covered
- Create summary charts of separation techniques
- Discuss when to use each method
- Practice problem-solving with mixture separation

How do we choose the best separation method for a given situation?

Master Integrated Science pg. 72-94
- Summary charts
- Previous practical results

- Written tests - Observation - Assessment rubrics

Mixtures, Elements and Compounds

Mixtures - Assessment and application synthesis

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Apply knowledge of separation methods to solve practical problems
- Evaluate effectiveness of different separation techniques
- Show confidence in handling separation challenges

- Solve complex separation problems
- Design separation procedures for given mixtures
- Evaluate and critique separation methods
- Present solutions to separation challenges

How can we design effective separation procedures for complex mixtures?

Master Integrated Science pg. 72-94
- Problem scenarios
- Assessment materials

- Assessment rubrics - Practical work - Written tests