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History
Form 4 2026
TERM I
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WK LSN TOPIC SUB-TOPIC OBJECTIVES T/L ACTIVITIES T/L AIDS REFERENCE REMARKS
1

School opening

1 2
International relations
Introduction to International Relations
Formation of International Organizations
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Discuss how nations relate with each other
Define international relations
Explain the importance of international cooperation
Identify factors affecting international relations
Definition and explanation of international relations
Discussion on global interdependence
Case study analysis of bilateral relations
Q&A on cooperation benefits
Charts on global cooperation
World maps
Case study materials
Textbooks
Organization charts
Formation timeline
Post-war documentation
Global governance diagrams
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 30-31
1 3
International relations
The United Nations - Formation and Principles
UN Organs - General Assembly
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain the formation of the United Nations
Describe the San Francisco Conference
Identify UN principles and purposes
Analyze the UN Charter provisions
Study of San Francisco Conference
Analysis of UN Charter
Discussion on UN principles
Comparison with League of Nations
Conference documentation
UN Charter excerpts
Principles charts
Comparison materials
UN structure diagrams
Assembly function charts
Voting procedure materials
Role-play cards
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 30-32
1 4
International relations
UN Organs - Security Council and Others
UN Organs - International Court of Justice
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain the composition of Security Council
Describe the veto power system
Identify other UN organs
Analyze the effectiveness of UN structure
Study of Security Council composition
Analysis of veto power impact
Discussion on permanent vs non-permanent members
Examination of other organs
Security Council charts
Veto power examples
Organ function diagrams
Effectiveness analysis materials
ICJ structure charts
Case study materials
International law examples
Dispute resolution records
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 32-34
2

Opener 1 exams

3 1
International relations
Specialized Agencies - ILO, FAO, UNESCO
Specialized Agencies - WHO, World Bank, IMF
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
State the specialized agencies of the UN
Explain the functions of ILO
Describe the work of FAO and UNESCO
Analyze their impact on global development
Research on specialized agencies
Presentation on agency functions
Discussion on development impact
Case study analysis
Agency function charts
Development impact data
Presentation materials
Case study examples
WHO program data
World Bank project examples
IMF policy documents
Health initiative records
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 35-38
3 2
International relations
Performance of the UN - Achievements
Performance of the UN - Decolonization and Human Rights
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Discuss the achievement of the UN
Explain peacekeeping operations
Describe humanitarian assistance
Analyze development programs
Case study of successful operations
Analysis of peacekeeping missions
Discussion on humanitarian work
Research on development projects
Peacekeeping mission data
Humanitarian reports
Development project records
Success story examples
Decolonization timeline
Human rights documents
Gender equality data
Democracy reports
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 38-39
3 3
International relations
Challenges of the UN - Structural and Financial
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Discuss the challenges of the UN
Explain structural weaknesses
Describe financial constraints
Analyze sovereignty versus intervention
Analysis of UN structural problems
Discussion on funding challenges
Debate on sovereignty issues
Case study of intervention dilemmas
Structural analysis charts
Financial constraint data
Sovereignty debate materials
Intervention case studies
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 39-40
3 4
International relations
Challenges of the UN - Contemporary Issues
The Commonwealth - Formation and Membership
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify modern challenges facing UN
Explain terrorism and security threats
Describe climate change challenges
Analyze reform proposals
Discussion on modern security threats
Analysis of climate change impact
Research on UN reform proposals
Debate on organizational effectiveness
Security threat reports
Climate change data
Reform proposal documents
Effectiveness analysis
Evolution timeline
Membership criteria charts
Association documents
Development records
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 39-40
4 1
International relations
The Commonwealth - Principles and Structure
Functions of the Commonwealth
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain the principles and ideals of the Commonwealth
Describe the organizational structure
Identify the main organs
Analyze decision-making processes
Study of Commonwealth principles
Analysis of organizational structure
Discussion on equality and cooperation
Examination of organs and functions
Principles documentation
Structure diagrams
Equality examples
Function charts
Function analysis charts
Assistance program data
Trade statistics
Educational exchange records
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 42-44
4 2
International relations
Challenges facing the Commonwealth
The Cold War - Origins and Causes
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain the challenges facing the commonwealth
Describe economic disparities
Identify political differences
Analyze declining relevance issues
Discussion on Commonwealth challenges
Analysis of economic disparities
Debate on political differences
Research on relevance issues
Challenge analysis materials
Economic disparity data
Political difference examples
Relevance studies
Origin analysis charts
Ideology comparison materials
Tension timeline
Rivalry documentation
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 45-46
4 3
International relations
The Cold War - Iron Curtain and Early Conflicts
Course of the Cold War - European Division
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain the Iron Curtain policy
Describe the Truman Doctrine
Analyze the Marshall Plan
Evaluate early Cold War developments
Study of Iron Curtain concept
Analysis of Truman Doctrine
Discussion on Marshall Plan impact
Timeline of early Cold War events
Iron Curtain maps
Doctrine documents
Marshall Plan data
Event timeline
Division maps
Alliance formation charts
Military bloc diagrams
Berlin Crisis documentation
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 48-50
4 4
International relations
Course of the Cold War - Global Conflicts
Easing the Cold War - Détente
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe Cold War conflicts worldwide
Explain the Cuban Missile Crisis
Analyze proxy wars in developing countries
Evaluate superpower competition
Study of global Cold War conflicts
Detailed analysis of Cuban Missile Crisis
Discussion on proxy wars
Research on space race competition
Global conflict maps
Cuban Crisis documentation
Proxy war examples
Space race timeline
Détente policy documents
Arms control treaties
Relation improvement data
Coexistence timeline
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 52-54
5 1
International relations
End of Cold War - Factors and Consequences
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain factors that led to end of Cold War
Describe Gorbachev's reforms
Analyze the collapse of Soviet Union
Evaluate the emergence of new world order
Study of Cold War ending factors
Analysis of Soviet reforms
Discussion on USSR collapse
Research on post-Cold War world
Ending factors charts
Reform documentation
Collapse timeline
New world order analysis
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 54-56
5 2
International relations
Effects of the Cold War
The Non-Aligned Movement - Origins
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain the effects of the cold war
Describe global political changes
Analyze economic consequences
Evaluate impact on developing countries
Analysis of Cold War effects
Discussion on political realignment
Study of economic impact
Research on Third World effects
Effects analysis charts
Political change data
Economic impact studies
Third World impact records
Origin documentation
Concept analysis materials
Founder biographies
Conference records
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 56-57
5 3
International relations
Reasons for the rise of the NAM
NAM Structure and Organization
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Discuss the reasons for emergence of NAM
Explain Cold War pressures
Describe decolonization impact
Analyze desire for independence
Analysis of NAM formation reasons
Discussion on Cold War pressures
Study of decolonization process
Research on independence movements
Formation reason charts
Pressure analysis data
Decolonization timeline
Independence records
Structure diagrams
Conference records
Principles documentation
Decision-making charts
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 55-56
5 4
International relations
Cooperation in Africa
Performance of the NAM - Achievements and Challenges
Pan-Africanism - Origins and Early Development
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Discuss the achievements of NAM
Explain contributions to world peace
Describe challenges faced
Analyze contemporary relevance
Case study of NAM achievements
Analysis of peace contributions
Discussion on movement challenges
Debate on current relevance
Achievement records
Peace contribution data
Challenge analysis materials
Relevance studies
Origin charts
Leader biographies
Conference records
Diaspora maps
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 57-58
6 1
Cooperation in Africa
Development of Pan-Africanism - Key Figures
Pan-Africanism After 1945
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Discuss the development of Pan-Africanism
Explain contributions of Du Bois and Garvey
Describe the role of Booker T. Washington
Analyze George Padmore's influence
Detailed study of key Pan-Africanists
Analysis of their different approaches
Discussion on ideological differences
Timeline of Pan-Africanist activities
Leader comparison charts
Ideological analysis materials
Approach comparison diagrams
Activity timeline
Post-1945 timeline
Conference documentation
Continental shift maps
Independence records
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 62-65
6 2
Cooperation in Africa
Achievements of Pan-Africanism
Organization of African Unity - Formation
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Discuss the achievements of Pan-Africanism
Explain role in African independence
Describe consciousness awakening
Analyze limitations and challenges
Case study of Pan-Africanist achievements
Analysis of independence contributions
Discussion on consciousness development
Evaluation of movement limitations
Achievement records
Independence timeline
Consciousness development data
Limitation analysis charts
Formation documentation
Conference records
Charter excerpts
Group unification charts
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 67-68
6 3
Cooperation in Africa
Organization of African Unity - Structure and Objectives
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain the structure of OAU
Describe the main organs
Identify objectives and principles
Analyze decision-making processes
Detailed study of OAU structure
Analysis of organizational organs
Discussion on objectives achievement
Examination of decision procedures
Structure diagrams
Organ function charts
Objectives analysis
Decision-making flowcharts
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 71-73
6 4
Cooperation in Africa
OAU Performance - Achievements and Challenges
The African Union - Formation and Objectives
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain the achievements of OAU
Describe liberation support activities
Identify major challenges faced
Evaluate overall performance
Case study of OAU achievements
Analysis of liberation struggles support
Discussion on major challenges
Performance evaluation exercise
Achievement case studies
Liberation support records
Challenge analysis materials
Performance data
Formation timeline
Objectives charts
Comparison materials
Transition documentation
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 73-76
7-8

Mid-term exams

8-9

Halfterm break

9 2
Cooperation in Africa
African Union - Structure and Organs
East African Community - Formation and Objectives
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain the structure of AU
Describe the main organs
Identify specialized institutions
Analyze the effectiveness of structure
Detailed study of AU structure
Analysis of organ functions
Research on specialized institutions
Evaluation of structural effectiveness
Structure diagrams
Organ charts
Institution profiles
Effectiveness analysis
Formation history charts
Treaty documents
Objectives analysis
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 78-81
9 3
Cooperation in Africa
EAC - Achievements and Collapse
New EAC (2001) - Revival and Expansion
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain EAC achievements up to 1977
Describe challenges leading to collapse
Analyze reasons for failure
Evaluate lessons learned
Case study of EAC achievements
Analysis of collapse factors
Discussion on failure reasons
Lesson extraction exercise
Achievement records
Collapse factor analysis
Failure reason charts
Lesson documentation
Revival timeline
Membership expansion charts
New objectives analysis
Performance data
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 84-89
9 4
Cooperation in Africa
ECOWAS - Formation and Objectives
ECOWAS - Performance and Challenges
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Discuss the formation of ECOWAS
Explain the Treaty of Lagos
Describe membership and objectives
Analyze organizational structure
Study of ECOWAS formation
Analysis of founding treaty
Discussion on West African cooperation
Examination of organizational setup
Formation documentation
Treaty analysis
Cooperation benefits charts
Structure diagrams
Achievement case studies
Trade statistics
Security challenge data
Peacekeeping records
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 90-92
10 1
Cooperation in Africa
COMESA - Formation and Structure (Part 1)
COMESA - Structure and Functions (Part 2)
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
State the structure of COMESA
Explain The Authority and Council of Ministers
Describe Court of Justice functions
Identify Committee of Governors roles
Study of COMESA organizational structure
Analysis of top-level organs
Discussion on decision-making hierarchy
Examination of judicial functions
Structure charts
Authority function diagrams
Council role analysis
Court procedure materials
Technical committee charts
Secretariat role diagrams
Consultative process materials
Function analysis
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 93-95
10 2
Cooperation in Africa
COMESA - Performance and Achievements
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain the achievements of COMESA
Describe trade facilitation efforts
Identify development projects
Analyze economic integration progress
Case study of COMESA achievements
Analysis of trade statistics
Research on development projects
Evaluation of integration progress
Achievement documentation
Trade facilitation data
Project records
Integration progress charts
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 96-97
10 3
Cooperation in Africa
COMESA - Challenges and Future Prospects
Regional Integration - Comparative Analysis
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
State the challenges facing COMESA
Explain membership and loyalty issues
Describe economic disparities
Analyze solutions and future prospects
Analysis of COMESA challenges
Discussion on membership conflicts
Study of economic disparities
Brainstorming on solutions
Challenge analysis materials
Membership conflict data
Economic disparity charts
Solution proposal templates
Comparison charts
Success factor analysis
Best practice examples
Future projection materials
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 97-98
10 4
Cooperation in Africa
National Philosophies (Kenya)
Continental Integration - AU and Regional Bodies
Introduction to National Philosophies
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain relationship between AU and regional organizations
Describe coordination mechanisms
Analyze integration challenges
Evaluate prospects for continental unity
Study of AU-regional body relationships
Analysis of coordination mechanisms
Discussion on integration obstacles
Future prospects evaluation
Relationship diagrams
Coordination charts
Integration challenge analysis
Unity prospect materials
Philosophy definition charts
Ideology comparison materials
Kenya's philosophy timeline
Textbooks
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 76-98
11 1
National Philosophies (Kenya)
African socialism - Origin and development
Main features of African Socialism
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain the origin of African Socialism
Describe the Sessional Paper No. 10 of 1965
Identify the role of Tom Mboya
Analyze the principles of African Socialism
Study of Sessional Paper No. 10
Analysis of Tom Mboya's contribution
Discussion on African traditions
Examination of political democracy and mutual social responsibility
Sessional Paper documents
Tom Mboya biography
African traditions charts
Political democracy materials
Feature comparison charts
Ownership type diagrams
Planning framework materials
Kenyanization documentation
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 99-100
11 2
National Philosophies (Kenya)
Significance of African Socialism
Harambee Philosophy - Origin and development
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain the significance of African socialism to Kenya
Describe impact on individual rights
Analyze effects on economic development
Evaluate contributions to political democracy
Case study analysis of socialism impact
Discussion on constitutional provisions
Research on economic effects
Evaluation of democratic development
Impact assessment materials
Constitutional excerpts
Economic development data
Democratic progress charts
Harambee origin charts
Kenyatta biography
Self-reliance materials
Principles documentation
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 101
11 3
National Philosophies (Kenya)
The Role of Harambee in Development
Nyayo Philosophy - Origin and development
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain the role of Harambee in national development
Describe contributions to education
Identify health sector achievements
Analyze challenges facing Harambee
Case study of Harambee projects
Analysis of educational contributions
Research on health facilities
Discussion on Harambee challenges
Project case studies
Educational achievement data
Health facility records
Challenge analysis materials
Nyayo origin documentation
Moi biography materials
Philosophy source charts
Three pillars diagrams
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 103-104
11 4
National Philosophies (Kenya)
Impact of National Philosophies and Assessment
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Discuss the impact of National Philosophies
Explain political, social and economic effects
Analyze challenges facing national philosophies
Evaluate the overall contribution to Kenya's development
Comprehensive review of all philosophies
Analysis of combined impacts
Discussion on modern relevance
Evaluation of philosophy effectiveness
Impact assessment charts
Combined effects analysis
Modern relevance studies
Effectiveness evaluation materials
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 108-109
12

Closing c.a.t

13

School clossing


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