Production Techniques

Sewing Skills: Constructing Household Items - Understanding seams

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify the types of seams used in making clothes
- Explain the difference between plain and open seams
- Show interest in learning about seams

- Observe examples of household items made by sewing
- Search for information on different types of seams
- Study how plain and open seams look and how they are made
- Share findings with the class

What types of seams are used to make household items?

- SPARK AGRICULTURE GRADE 8 textbook pg. 77
- Digital devices
- Print resources
- Sample sewn items
- Sample seams

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Production Techniques

Sewing Skills: Constructing Household Items - Understanding plain seams

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain what a plain seam is
- Describe how a plain seam is made
- Show interest in learning about plain seams

- Study information on plain seams
- Discuss how to make a plain seam
- List materials needed for making a plain seam
- Outline the process of making a plain seam

How is a plain seam made?

- SPARK AGRICULTURE GRADE 8 textbook pg. 78
- Samples of plain seams
- Digital resources
- Print resources
- Charts showing seam types

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Production Techniques

Sewing Skills: Constructing Household Items - Making plain seams
Sewing Skills: Constructing Household Items - Understanding open seams

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Demonstrate how to make a plain seam
- Apply appropriate sewing techniques
- Make samples of seams on a piece of cloth

- Cut two pieces of cotton fabric
- Place fabrics with right sides together
- Pin and tack the pieces together
- Sew along the marked line
- Press seams to one side

How can we make a plain seam on a piece of cloth?

- SPARK AGRICULTURE GRADE 8 textbook pg. 79
- Fabric pieces
- Needle and thread
- Pins
- Scissors
- Tape measure
- Tailor's chalk
- SPARK AGRICULTURE GRADE 8 textbook pg. 80
- Samples of open seams
- Digital resources
- Print resources
- Charts showing seam types

- Practical assessment - Observation - Sample evaluation

Production Techniques

Sewing Skills: Constructing Household Items - Making open seams

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Demonstrate how to make an open seam
- Apply appropriate sewing techniques
- Make samples of seams on a piece of cloth

- Cut two pieces of cotton fabric
- Place fabrics with right sides together
- Pin and tack the pieces together
- Sew along the marked line
- Press seams open

How can we make an open seam on a piece of cloth?

- SPARK AGRICULTURE GRADE 8 textbook pg. 81
- Fabric pieces
- Needle and thread
- Pins
- Scissors
- Tape measure
- Tailor's chalk

- Practical assessment - Observation - Sample evaluation

Production Techniques

Sewing Skills: Constructing Household Items - Planning household items

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify household items that can be made using seams
- Plan for constructing a household item
- Show creativity in planning

- Discuss and select a household item to make
- Explore information on making the selected item
- List tools and materials needed
- Assign roles and responsibilities
- Draw a plan for construction

What household items can be made using seams?

- SPARK AGRICULTURE GRADE 8 textbook pg. 82
- Sample household items
- Paper
- Pen/pencil
- Digital resources

- Plan evaluation - Observation - Oral presentations

Production Techniques

Sewing Skills: Constructing Household Items - Making a cushion cover

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Demonstrate making a cushion cover
- Apply appropriate sewing techniques
- Construct a household item using seams

- Wash, dry, and iron fabric
- Cut fabric pieces to appropriate sizes
- Fold and pin edges
- Sew pieces together using appropriate seams
- Turn the cover right side out
- Insert a cushion

How can we make a cushion cover using seams?

- SPARK AGRICULTURE GRADE 8 textbook pg. 83
- Fabric for cushion cover
- Matching thread
- Scissors
- Pins
- Sewing needles
- Tape measure
- Iron box

- Practical assessment - Observation - Product evaluation

Production Techniques

Sewing Skills: Constructing Household Items - Making a work bag

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Demonstrate making a work bag
- Apply appropriate sewing techniques
- Construct a household item using seams

- Wash, dry, and iron fabric
- Measure and cut fabric pieces
- Fold shorter sides and sew using backstitches
- Place right sides together and pin edges
- Sew pieces together
- Turn the bag right side out

How can we make a work bag using seams?

- SPARK AGRICULTURE GRADE 8 textbook pg. 85
- Fabric for work bag
- Matching thread
- Scissors
- Pins
- Sewing needles
- Tape measure
- Iron box

- Practical assessment - Observation - Product evaluation

Production Techniques

Sewing Skills: Constructing Household Items - Making bag straps
Sewing Skills: Constructing Household Items - Making a pillowcase

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Demonstrate making straps for a bag
- Apply appropriate sewing techniques
- Show creativity in construction

- Measure and cut two long pieces for straps
- Fold each strap lengthwise with right side outwards
- Open and fold edges to center fold
- Backstitch along both long ends
- Trim excess fabric
- Attach straps to the bag

How can we make and attach straps to a work bag?

- SPARK AGRICULTURE GRADE 8 textbook pg. 86
- Fabric for straps
- Matching thread
- Scissors
- Pins
- Sewing needles
- Tape measure
- Work bag from previous lesson
- SPARK AGRICULTURE GRADE 8 textbook pg. 87
- Fabric for pillowcase
- Stuffing material

- Practical assessment - Observation - Product evaluation

Production Techniques

Sewing Skills: Constructing Household Items - Safety in sewing

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify safety practices in sewing
- Apply safety measures when sewing
- Show responsibility in sewing safety

- Discuss safety measures when using sewing tools
- Demonstrate safe handling of sharp tools
- Explain proper storage of sewing tools
- Create safety guidelines for sewing activities

Why is safety important when sewing household items?

- SPARK AGRICULTURE GRADE 8 textbook pg. 88
- Sewing tools
- Chart paper
- Marker pens
- Digital resources
- Print resources

- Observation - Oral questions - Guidelines evaluation

Production Techniques

Sewing Skills: Constructing Household Items - Creative sewing projects

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Design creative sewing projects
- Apply sewing skills to new projects
- Show creativity in sewing

- Brainstorm ideas for creative sewing projects
- Design a unique household item using seams
- Create a plan for making the item
- Share design ideas with the class

How can we apply our sewing skills to creative projects?

- SPARK AGRICULTURE GRADE 8 textbook pg. 89
- Drawing materials
- Fabric samples
- Digital resources
- Sample creative items

- Design evaluation - Observation - Oral presentations

Production Techniques

Sewing Skills: Constructing Household Items - Economic benefits of sewing

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain the economic benefits of sewing
- Identify market opportunities for sewn items
- Value sewing as an income-generating activity

- Discuss how sewing skills can generate income
- Research market demand for household sewn items
- Calculate costs and potential profits
- Develop a simple business plan for sewn items

How can sewing skills contribute to income generation?

- SPARK AGRICULTURE GRADE 8 textbook pg. 90
- Calculator
- Paper
- Pen/pencil
- Digital resources
- Print resources

- Observation - Oral presentations - Business plan evaluation

Production Techniques

Sewing Skills: Constructing Household Items - Final household item project

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Plan and execute a complete sewing project
- Apply all learned sewing techniques
- Show pride in completed work

- Select a household item to create
- Plan the entire process from start to finish
- Execute the plan, applying all learned techniques
- Evaluate the finished product
- Reflect on the process and skills gained

How can we apply all our learning to create a quality household item?

- SPARK AGRICULTURE GRADE 8 textbook pg. 93
- Fabric and thread
- All necessary sewing tools
- Project plan
- Evaluation rubric

- Project assessment - Observation - Self-evaluation - Peer evaluation

Production Techniques

Constructing Innovative Animal Waterer - Challenges with animal waterers

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain challenges with animal waterers used in the community
- Identify limitations of current waterers
- Show interest in innovative solutions

- Identify households that rear domestic animals
- Visit households to observe animal waterers
- Find out if the equipment functions properly
- Identify challenges with existing waterers

What challenges are faced when using conventional animal waterers?

- SPARK AGRICULTURE GRADE 8 textbook pg. 94
- Digital camera/smartphone
- Notebook
- Pen/pencil
- Nearby households with animals

- Observation - Oral questions - Written reports

Production Techniques

Constructing Innovative Animal Waterer - Presenting findings
Constructing Innovative Animal Waterer - Researching innovative waterers

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Organize findings on animal waterers
- Present findings effectively
- Show empathy for animal welfare challenges

- Review findings from previous visits
- Organize points for presentation
- Assign roles for presentation
- Present findings to the class
- Explain challenges of existing waterers

What are the most common problems with animal waterers in our community?

- SPARK AGRICULTURE GRADE 8 textbook pg. 95
- Notes from field visits
- Chart paper
- Marker pens
- Photographs from visits
- SPARK AGRICULTURE GRADE 8 textbook pg. 96
- Digital devices with internet
- Print resources
- Photographs of innovative waterers

- Presentation evaluation - Observation - Oral questions

Production Techniques

Constructing Innovative Animal Waterer - Designing a waterer

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Design an innovative animal waterer
- Apply design principles
- Show creativity in designing

- Draw a sketch of an innovative waterer
- Present sketch for feedback
- Make adjustments based on feedback
- List materials needed for construction
- Assign tasks for construction

How can we design an innovative waterer that solves identified problems?

- SPARK AGRICULTURE GRADE 8 textbook pg. 97
- Pencils
- Plain paper
- Ruler
- Colored pencils

- Design evaluation - Observation - Peer feedback

Production Techniques

Constructing Innovative Animal Waterer - Constructing a poultry waterer

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Demonstrate construction of a poultry waterer
- Apply appropriate construction techniques
- Design and construct an innovative waterer

- Collect a plastic bottle and tray
- Clean the bottle and tray thoroughly
- Poke a small hole near the bottom of the bottle
- Attach the bottle to the tray
- Fill with water and test

How can we construct an innovative waterer for poultry?

- SPARK AGRICULTURE GRADE 8 textbook pg. 98
- Plastic bottle with lid
- Knife
- Glue
- Water
- Plastic tray
- Small nail or tool for poking

- Practical assessment - Observation - Product evaluation

Production Techniques

Constructing Innovative Animal Waterer - Constructing a rabbit waterer

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Demonstrate construction of a rabbit waterer
- Apply appropriate construction techniques
- Design and construct an innovative waterer

- Collect plastic bottles with caps
- Clean the bottles thoroughly
- Cut off the tip of the cap to create an opening
- Place a marble or small stone inside the cap
- Fill with water and test
- Hang the bottle upside down

How can we construct an innovative waterer for rabbits?

- SPARK AGRICULTURE GRADE 8 textbook pg. 99
- Plastic bottles with caps
- Knife
- Water
- Marble or small stone
- Tools for hanging

- Practical assessment - Observation - Product evaluation

Production Techniques

Constructing Innovative Animal Waterer - Testing and adjusting waterers

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Test the functionality of constructed waterers
- Make necessary adjustments
- Show responsibility in water conservation

- Test waterers to determine if they solve identified problems
- Assess whether they conserve water
- Check if animals can comfortably drink from them
- Ensure water is safe from contamination
- Make necessary adjustments

How can we test and improve our innovative animal waterers?

- SPARK AGRICULTURE GRADE 8 textbook pg. 100
- Constructed waterers
- Water
- Small domestic animals
- Tools for adjustments

- Practical assessment - Observation - Performance evaluation

Production Techniques

Constructing Innovative Animal Waterer - Benefits of innovative waterers

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain the benefits of innovative waterers
- Identify problems solved by innovations
- Appreciate use of innovative waterers

- Brainstorm benefits of innovative waterers
- Discuss how they solve identified challenges
- Share experiences with using the waterers
- Create a chart showing benefits

Why should we adopt innovative waterers in animal rearing?

- SPARK AGRICULTURE GRADE 8 textbook pg. 101
- Constructed waterers
- Chart paper
- Marker pens
- Digital resources

- Observation - Oral presentations - Chart evaluation

Production Techniques

Constructing Innovative Animal Waterer - Marketing innovative waterers
ICT Support Services - Understanding ICT support services

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain how to promote innovative waterers
- Develop a marketing strategy
- Value innovation in solving problems

- Discuss how to promote innovative waterers in the community
- Develop a marketing strategy
- Create promotional materials
- Practice pitching the innovation to potential users

How can we encourage wider adoption of innovative animal waterers?

- SPARK AGRICULTURE GRADE 8 textbook pg. 101
- Constructed waterers
- Chart paper
- Marker pens
- Digital resources
- SPARK AGRICULTURE GRADE 8 textbook pg. 102
- Digital devices with internet
- Print resources
- Charts showing ICT services

- Strategy evaluation - Observation - Pitch evaluation

Production Techniques

ICT Support Services - Responsible use of ICT platforms

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify ethical and security considerations for ICT use
- Explain privacy and security measures
- Show responsibility in use of ICT

- Study and discuss ethical considerations for ICT use
- Explore privacy protection measures
- Discuss security threats and prevention
- Share discussion points with the class

Why is responsible use of ICT platforms important?

- SPARK AGRICULTURE GRADE 8 textbook pg. 103
- Digital devices with internet
- Print resources
- Charts on internet safety

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Production Techniques

ICT Support Services - Accessing weather forecasts

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Demonstrate accessing weather forecasts
- Apply the information for planning
- Access support services using ICT

- Visit a meteorological website
- Study the weather forecast
- Observe services offered
- Discuss how weather forecasts help in agricultural planning

How can farmers use weather forecast services to improve productivity?

- SPARK AGRICULTURE GRADE 8 textbook pg. 104
- Digital devices with internet
- Meteorological websites
- Chart paper
- Marker pens

- Practical assessment - Observation - Skill evaluation

Production Techniques

ICT Support Services - Accessing veterinary services

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Demonstrate accessing veterinary services
- Apply the information for animal health
- Access support services using ICT

- Search for veterinary service websites or apps
- Study how to register and access services
- Explore services offered
- Discuss benefits of online veterinary support

How can farmers access veterinary services through ICT?

- SPARK AGRICULTURE GRADE 8 textbook pg. 104
- Digital devices with internet
- Veterinary service websites/apps
- Chart paper
- Marker pens

- Practical assessment - Observation - Skill evaluation

Production Techniques

ICT Support Services - Accessing market information

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Demonstrate accessing market information
- Apply the information for decision making
- Access support services using ICT

- Search for agricultural market information online
- Study current prices and trends
- Analyze optimal harvesting and selling times
- Discuss benefits of market information

How can farmers use market information to make better decisions?

- SPARK AGRICULTURE GRADE 8 textbook pg. 105
- Digital devices with internet
- Market information websites/apps
- Chart paper
- Marker pens

- Practical assessment - Observation - Skill evaluation

Production Techniques

ICT Support Services - Accessing extension services
ICT Support Services - Accessing banking and other services

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Demonstrate accessing extension services
- Apply the information for farming
- Access support services using ICT

- Search for agricultural extension service websites
- Study how to access extension information
- Explore the services offered
- Discuss benefits of online extension services

How can farmers access extension services through ICT?

- SPARK AGRICULTURE GRADE 8 textbook pg. 105
- Digital devices with internet
- Extension service websites/apps
- Chart paper
- Marker pens
- SPARK AGRICULTURE GRADE 8 textbook pg. 106
- Service websites/apps

- Practical assessment - Observation - Skill evaluation

Production Techniques

ICT Support Services - Promoting responsible ICT use

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Create messages promoting responsible ICT use
- Share responsible ICT practices
- Show responsibility in use of ICT

- Discuss responsible use of ICT when accessing services
- Write key points about responsible use
- Create a clear message about ICT responsibility
- Share message through approved school platforms

How can we promote responsible use of ICT in accessing support services?

- SPARK AGRICULTURE GRADE 8 textbook pg. 107
- Digital devices
- Paper
- Pen/pencil
- School communication platforms

- Message evaluation - Observation - Peer feedback

Production Techniques

ICT Support Services - Digital literacy and safety

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify digital literacy skills needed
- Explain online safety measures
- Value digital literacy and safety

- Discuss essential digital literacy skills
- Identify potential online risks and threats
- Create guidelines for safe online practices
- Role-play scenarios involving online safety

Why are digital literacy and safety important when using ICT support services?

- SPARK AGRICULTURE GRADE 8 textbook pg. 108
- Digital devices with internet
- Chart paper
- Marker pens
- Print resources

- Observation - Oral questions - Guidelines evaluation

Production Techniques

ICT Support Services - Future of ICT in agriculture

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explore emerging ICT applications in agriculture
- Explain potential benefits of new technologies
- Show interest in agricultural innovations

- Research emerging ICT applications in agriculture
- Discuss potential benefits for farmers
- Explore how technologies may evolve
- Create presentations on future trends

How might ICT support services transform agriculture in the future?

- SPARK AGRICULTURE GRADE 8 textbook pg. 108
- Digital devices with internet
- Chart paper
- Marker pens
- Print resources

- Presentation evaluation - Observation - Research quality