Mixtures, Elements and Compounds

Mixtures - Separation by crystallisation
Mixtures - Simple distillation setup

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain the crystallisation process
- Separate mixtures using crystallisation method
- Show appreciation for the crystallisation method

- Prepare saturated salt solution
- Heat solution gently while stirring
- Allow cooling and observe crystal formation
- Filter and dry the crystals

What is the difference between evaporation and crystallisation?

Master Integrated Science pg. 78
- Salt, distilled water
- Evaporating dish
- Filter paper and funnel
Master Integrated Science pg. 80
- Distillation apparatus
- Safety equipment

- Practical work - Observation - Written tests

Mixtures, Elements and Compounds

Mixtures - Separation by simple distillation
Mixtures - Fractional distillation setup
Mixtures - Separation by fractional distillation

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Demonstrate simple distillation process
- Explain how simple distillation works
- Show interest in distillation methods

- Demonstrate fractional distillation process
- Explain separation of miscible liquids
- Show appreciation for advanced separation techniques

- Separate salt and water using simple distillation
- Observe temperature changes during heating
- Collect distillate and examine residue
- Record observations
- Separate water and ethanol mixture using fractional distillation
- Monitor temperature changes
- Collect fractions at different temperatures
- Discuss applications

How does simple distillation separate components of different boiling points?
How are miscible liquids with close boiling points separated?

Master Integrated Science pg. 80
- Salt solution
- Complete distillation setup
- Thermometer
Master Integrated Science pg. 82
- Fractional distillation apparatus
- Digital devices for research
Master Integrated Science pg. 82
- Water and ethanol mixture
- Complete fractional distillation setup

- Practical work - Assessment rubrics - Observation schedule
- Practical work - Assessment rubrics - Written tests

Mixtures, Elements and Compounds

Mixtures - Separation by sublimation

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Define sublimation and deposition
- Demonstrate separation using sublimation
- Appreciate sublimation as a separation method

- Separate iodine from impurities using sublimation
- Observe purple vapour formation
- Collect pure iodine crystals on cool surfaces
- Discuss other substances that sublime

How does sublimation help in purifying substances?

Master Integrated Science pg. 84
- Impure iodine
- Evaporating dish
- Filter funnel
- Cotton wool

- Practical work - Observation - Oral questions

Mixtures, Elements and Compounds

Mixtures - Separation by solvent extraction

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain solvent extraction method
- Extract oil from nuts using solvent extraction
- Show interest in extraction processes

- Crush groundnuts and add propanone
- Allow mixture to settle and decant solution
- Evaporate solvent to obtain oil
- Test oil properties using filter paper

How are useful substances extracted from natural materials?

Master Integrated Science pg. 86
- Groundnuts or seeds
- Propanone
- Mortar and pestle
- Filter paper

- Practical work - Assessment rubrics - Observation schedule

Mixtures, Elements and Compounds

Mixtures - Separation by chromatography

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Define paper chromatography
- Demonstrate chromatography technique
- Appreciate chromatography as an analytical tool

- Prepare filter paper strip
- Apply ink spot and dip in propanone
- Observe separation of ink components
- Measure distances travelled by components

How does chromatography separate components of colored mixtures?

Master Integrated Science pg. 88
- Black ink
- Filter paper
- Propanone
- Measuring cylinder

- Practical work - Observation - Written assignments

Mixtures, Elements and Compounds

Mixtures - Extended chromatography activity
Mixtures - Applications of separation methods in daily life

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Apply chromatography technique to different materials
- Explain solubility differences in separation
- Show interest in analytical chemistry

- Identify applications of separation methods in industries
- Explain real-life uses of separation techniques
- Appreciate the importance of separation methods in society

- Use different ink samples for chromatography
- Apply radial chromatography technique
- Compare results from different inks
- Discuss solubility and movement patterns
- Study images showing industrial applications
- Discuss separation methods used in salt production
- Research applications using digital devices
- Present findings to classmates

Why do different components move different distances in chromatography?
How are separation methods applied in industries and daily life?

Master Integrated Science pg. 90
- Various pen inks
- Filter papers
- Propanone
- Droppers
Master Integrated Science pg. 92
- Digital devices
- Industrial application images
- Reference materials

- Practical work - Assessment rubrics - Checklist
- Research presentation - Oral questions - Written tests

Mixtures, Elements and Compounds

Mixtures - Matching separation methods with applications

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Match separation methods with appropriate applications
- Explain choice of separation method for specific mixtures
- Show appreciation for scientific problem-solving

- Complete table matching activities with separation methods
- Discuss why specific methods are used for particular applications
- Analyze real-world separation scenarios

Which separation method is most suitable for a given mixture?

Master Integrated Science pg. 94
- Activity tables
- Course book
- Reference materials

- Written assignments - Assessment rubrics - Oral questions

Mixtures, Elements and Compounds

Mixtures - Review of separation methods

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Summarize all separation methods learned
- Compare advantages and disadvantages of different methods
- Demonstrate understanding of separation principles

- Review all separation methods covered
- Create summary charts of separation techniques
- Discuss when to use each method
- Practice problem-solving with mixture separation

How do we choose the best separation method for a given situation?

Master Integrated Science pg. 72-94
- Summary charts
- Previous practical results

- Written tests - Observation - Assessment rubrics

Mixtures, Elements and Compounds

Mixtures - Assessment and application synthesis

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Apply knowledge of separation methods to solve practical problems
- Evaluate effectiveness of different separation techniques
- Show confidence in handling separation challenges

- Solve complex separation problems
- Design separation procedures for given mixtures
- Evaluate and critique separation methods
- Present solutions to separation challenges

How can we design effective separation procedures for complex mixtures?

Master Integrated Science pg. 72-94
- Problem scenarios
- Assessment materials

- Assessment rubrics - Practical work - Written tests

Mixtures, Elements and Compounds

Acids, Bases and Indicators - Introduction to acids and bases
Acids, Bases and Indicators - Using litmus paper to identify acids and bases

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Define acids and bases
- Identify characteristics of acids and bases
- Show interest in learning about acids and bases

- Use litmus paper to test acids and bases
- Classify household solutions as acids or bases
- Appreciate the use of indicators in identification

- Brainstorm on acids and bases
- Discuss taste and texture of common substances
- Identify acidic and basic substances in daily life
- Share experiences with sour and bitter substances
- Test various household solutions with red and blue litmus papers
- Record color changes in a table
- Classify solutions as acids or bases
- Discuss results with classmates

What makes substances acidic or basic?
How do we use litmus paper to identify acids and bases?

Master Integrated Science pg. 95
- Common household items
- Course book
Master Integrated Science pg. 96
- Red and blue litmus papers
- Various household solutions
- Test tubes

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments
- Practical work - Observation schedule - Assessment rubrics

Mixtures, Elements and Compounds

Acids, Bases and Indicators - Resource person on plant extract indicators

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain the use of plant extracts as indicators
- Identify plants suitable for indicator preparation
- Show appreciation for natural indicators

- Listen to resource person on plant extract indicators
- Ask questions for clarification
- Write notes on key points discussed
- Discuss applications of natural indicators

Why can some plants be used as acid-base indicators?

Master Integrated Science pg. 98
- Resource person
- Note-taking materials

- Observation - Oral questions - Note-taking assessment

Mixtures, Elements and Compounds

Acids, Bases and Indicators - Preparing indicators from plant extracts

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Prepare acid-base indicators from plant flowers
- Extract colored substances from plant materials
- Show interest in natural indicator preparation

- Collect colored flowers from school environment
- Cut flowers into small pieces
- Crush flowers with ethanol to extract color
- Filter the extract to obtain colored solution

How do we extract useful indicators from plants?

Master Integrated Science pg. 98
- Plant flowers
- Ethanol
- Mortar and pestle
- Filter paper

- Practical work - Assessment rubrics - Observation

Mixtures, Elements and Compounds

Acids, Bases and Indicators - Alternative plant extract preparation

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Prepare indicators using red cabbage or beetroot
- Compare different plant extract indicators
- Appreciate variety in natural indicators

- Use red cabbage or beetroot to prepare indicators
- Follow extraction procedure with ethanol
- Compare color intensity with flower extracts
- Dispose of waste materials safely

Which plants give the best natural indicators?

Master Integrated Science pg. 100
- Red cabbage or beetroot
- Ethanol
- Extraction apparatus

- Practical work - Observation - Assessment rubrics

Mixtures, Elements and Compounds

Acids, Bases and Indicators - Testing solutions with plant extract indicators

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Use plant extract indicators to test solutions
- Classify solutions as acidic or basic using natural indicators
- Show appreciation for natural indicator effectiveness

- Test various household solutions with plant extract indicators
- Record color changes observed
- Complete classification table
- Compare results with litmus paper tests

How effective are plant extract indicators compared to litmus paper?

Master Integrated Science pg. 100
- Plant extract indicators
- Various household solutions
- Test tubes
- Droppers

- Practical work - Observation schedule - Written tests

Mixtures, Elements and Compounds

Acids, Bases and Indicators - Physical properties of acids

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Describe physical properties of acids
- Investigate appearance, texture, and smell of acids
- Show safe handling practices with acids

- Observe appearance of lemon juice
- Safely smell acidic solutions by wafting
- Feel texture using gloved hands
- Test with litmus papers
- Record observations in a table

What are the distinctive physical properties of acids?

Master Integrated Science pg. 102
- Lemon juice
- Safety equipment
- Litmus papers
- Test tubes

- Practical work - Observation - Safety assessment

Mixtures, Elements and Compounds

Acids, Bases and Indicators - Physical properties of bases

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Describe physical properties of bases
- Compare properties of bases with acids
- Appreciate differences between acids and bases

- Observe appearance of baking powder solution
- Test texture and smell safely
- Test with litmus papers
- Compare with acidic solution properties
- Record comparative observations

How do physical properties of bases differ from acids?

Master Integrated Science pg. 102
- Baking powder solution
- Safety equipment
- Litmus papers
- Comparison tables

- Practical work - Assessment rubrics - Comparative analysis

Mixtures, Elements and Compounds

Acids, Bases and Indicators - Solubility of acids and bases

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Investigate solubility of acids and bases in water
- Explain formation of homogeneous mixtures
- Show understanding of solution formation

- Add water to lemon juice and observe mixing
- Add water to baking powder solution and observe
- Discuss formation of homogeneous solutions
- Compare solubility characteristics

Why do acids and bases dissolve in water?

Master Integrated Science pg. 102
- Acidic and basic solutions
- Water
- Test tubes
- Observation sheets

- Practical work - Observation - Oral questions

Mixtures, Elements and Compounds

Acids, Bases and Indicators - Electrical conductivity of acids and bases
Acids, Bases and Indicators - Uses of acids in daily life

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Test electrical conductivity of acids and bases
- Explain why acids and bases conduct electricity
- Appreciate electrical properties of solutions

- Identify uses of acids in food, industry, and medicine
- Explain applications of acids in various sectors
- Appreciate importance of acids in society

- Set up electrical conductivity apparatus
- Test conductivity of vinegar
- Test conductivity of baking powder solution
- Observe bulb brightness in both cases
- Use digital devices to research acid applications
- Study images of acid uses in various industries
- Discuss food preservation using acids
- Explore medicinal uses of acids

Why do acidic and basic solutions conduct electricity?
How are acids useful in our daily lives?

Master Integrated Science pg. 102
- Battery and bulb setup
- Connecting wires
- Metal rods
- Acidic and basic solutions
Master Integrated Science pg. 104
- Digital devices
- Application images
- Reference materials

- Practical work - Observation schedule - Assessment rubrics
- Research presentation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Mixtures, Elements and Compounds

Acids, Bases and Indicators - Uses of bases in daily life

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify uses of bases in cooking, cleaning, and medicine
- Explain applications of bases in agriculture
- Show appreciation for base applications

- Discuss baking soda uses in cooking
- Explore cleaning applications of bases
- Research medicinal uses of antacids
- Study soil treatment with bases

What important roles do bases play in our lives?

Master Integrated Science pg. 104
- Household base products
- Digital resources
- Application examples

- Observation - Research activities - Oral presentations

Mixtures, Elements and Compounds

Acids, Bases and Indicators - Uses of indicators in various sectors

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain uses of indicators in agriculture, medicine, and laboratories
- Identify importance of indicators in testing
- Appreciate indicator applications in quality control

- Research indicator uses in soil testing
- Discuss medical test strips
- Explore food freshness indicators
- Study laboratory indicator applications

How do indicators help in testing and quality control?

Master Integrated Science pg. 104
- Test strips examples
- Digital resources
- Laboratory indicators

- Research presentation - Assessment rubrics - Written tests

Mixtures, Elements and Compounds

Acids, Bases and Indicators - Reading product labels for acids and bases

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify acidic and basic ingredients in household products
- Read and interpret product labels
- Show awareness of chemical content in daily products

- Collect household product containers
- Read ingredient labels carefully
- Identify acidic and basic components
- Create classification table of products
- Discuss findings with classmates

What acidic and basic substances are found in household products?

Master Integrated Science pg. 104
- Household product containers
- Label reading worksheets
- Classification tables

- Practical work - Assessment rubrics - Label interpretation skills

Mixtures, Elements and Compounds

Acids, Bases and Indicators - Applications in food and cooking
Acids, Bases and Indicators - Applications in agriculture

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain uses of acids and bases in food preparation
- Identify preservative and flavoring applications
- Appreciate chemical processes in cooking

- Explain soil pH management using acids and bases
- Identify fertilizer applications
- Show understanding of agricultural chemistry

- Study food preservatives containing acids
- Explore baking powder use in cooking
- Discuss vinegar applications in food
- Analyze food flavoring with citric acid
- Discuss soil acidity testing
- Explore lime application to neutralize acidic soils
- Study fertilizer use in farming
- Connect with Agriculture and Nutrition concepts

How do acids and bases contribute to food preparation and preservation?
How do farmers use acids and bases to improve soil quality?

Master Integrated Science pg. 104
- Food product examples
- Cooking ingredients
- Preservative labels
Master Integrated Science pg. 104
- Soil testing materials
- Agricultural examples
- pH testing demonstrations

- Observation - Practical demonstrations - Oral questions
- Practical demonstrations - Assessment rubrics - Cross-curricular connections

Mixtures, Elements and Compounds

Acids, Bases and Indicators - Applications in medicine and health

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify medicinal uses of acids and bases
- Explain antacid function in treating heartburn
- Appreciate chemical solutions to health problems

- Study antacid tablet ingredients
- Discuss stomach acid neutralization
- Explore pain relief medications containing acids
- Research medical applications of acids and bases

How do acids and bases help solve health problems?

Master Integrated Science pg. 104
- Medicine examples
- Antacid products
- Medical application research

- Research activities - Oral presentations - Written assignments

Mixtures, Elements and Compounds

Acids, Bases and Indicators - Applications in cleaning and industry

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain cleaning applications of acids and bases
- Identify industrial uses of acids and bases
- Show appreciation for chemical solutions in industry

- Study toilet cleaners containing acids
- Explore soap and detergent base content
- Discuss car battery acid applications
- Research industrial acid and base uses

What roles do acids and bases play in cleaning and industrial processes?

Master Integrated Science pg. 104
- Cleaning product examples
- Industrial application images
- Safety material examples

- Practical demonstrations - Assessment rubrics - Industrial application analysis

Mixtures, Elements and Compounds

Acids, Bases and Indicators - Review and synthesis of concepts

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Summarize key concepts about acids, bases, and indicators
- Compare different identification methods
- Demonstrate comprehensive understanding

- Review acid and base definitions
- Compare litmus and plant extract indicators
- Summarize physical properties
- Create concept maps of applications

How do all the concepts about acids, bases, and indicators connect?

Master Integrated Science pg. 95-105
- Review materials
- Concept mapping resources

- Written tests - Assessment rubrics - Concept mapping

Mixtures, Elements and Compounds

Acids, Bases and Indicators - Problem-solving with acids and bases
Acids, Bases and Indicators - Integration and future applications

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Apply knowledge to solve practical problems
- Design experiments to test unknown solutions
- Show confidence in handling acid-base problems

- Connect learning to future chemistry studies
- Identify career applications of acid-base knowledge
- Show enthusiasm for continued learning in chemistry

- Solve identification problems with unknown solutions
- Design testing procedures using available indicators
- Evaluate effectiveness of different testing methods
- Present solutions to practical challenges
- Discuss connections to future chemistry topics
- Explore career paths using acid-base knowledge
- Plan investigations for continued learning
- Celebrate learning achievements

How can we use our knowledge to solve real acid-base problems?
How will this knowledge help us in future chemistry studies?

Master Integrated Science pg. 95-105
- Unknown solution samples
- Various indicators
- Problem scenarios
Master Integrated Science pg. 95-105
- Career information resources
- Future learning pathways

- Problem-solving assessment - Practical work - Assessment rubrics
- Reflection activities - Career exploration - Learning celebration

Living Things and Their Environment

Human Reproductive System - Parts of the human reproductive system

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify parts of the male reproductive system
- Draw and label the male reproductive system
- Show interest in learning about human reproduction

- Study images and identify parts of the male reproductive system
- Use textbooks to research components of male reproductive system
- Draw and label parts of the male reproductive system
- Share drawings with classmates

What are the main parts of the male reproductive system?

- Master Integrated Science pg. 106
- Charts showing reproductive systems
- Digital resources
- Master Integrated Science pg. 107
- Charts showing female reproductive system
- Digital devices

- Observation - Practical work - Oral questions

Living Things and Their Environment

Human Reproductive System - Functions of reproductive system parts

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Describe functions of parts of the male reproductive system
- Explain the role of penis, testes and urethra
- Show appreciation for body functions

- Describe functions of human reproductive system parts
- Use textbooks to search for information on functions
- Write short notes based on findings
- Present findings to classmates

How do the parts of the male reproductive system function?

- Master Integrated Science pg. 109
- Reference books
- Charts
- Master Integrated Science pg. 110
- Digital resources

- Oral questions - Written tests - Assessment rubrics

Living Things and Their Environment

Human Reproductive System - Physical changes in boys during adolescence
Human Reproductive System - Physical changes in girls during adolescence

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Describe physical changes in boys during adolescence
- Identify differences between boys and men
- Develop positive attitudes towards body changes

- Discuss physical changes that occur as boys become adults
- Identify differences in chest and shoulder development
- Describe changes in voice, height, weight and facial appearance
- Search for information using digital devices

What physical changes occur in boys during adolescence?

- Master Integrated Science pg. 111
- Digital devices
- Reference materials
- Master Integrated Science pg. 112
- Reference books

- Observation - Oral questions - Anecdotal records

Living Things and Their Environment

Human Reproductive System - Understanding adolescence and puberty
Human Reproductive System - Developmental challenges during adolescence
Human Reproductive System - Common challenges faced by adolescents

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Define adolescence and puberty
- Explain the age range of adolescents
- Show understanding of normal development

- Describe common challenges faced by boys and girls
- Identify unique challenges for each gender
- Appreciate individual differences in development

- Listen to resource person discuss adolescent changes
- Ask questions about physical changes
- Write short notes in exercise books
- Compare notes with classmates

- Discuss activities shown in images for dealing with challenges
- Analyze case studies of adolescent challenges
- Share coping strategies
- Develop understanding of gender-specific challenges

What is adolescence and when does it occur?
How do challenges differ between boys and girls during adolescence?

- Master Integrated Science pg. 113
- Resource person
- Note books
- Master Integrated Science pg. 114
- Digital devices
- Manila papers

- Master Integrated Science pg. 116
- Case study materials
- Charts

- Observation - Oral questions - Checklist
- Practical work - Oral questions - Written assignments

Living Things and Their Environment

Human Reproductive System - Coping mechanisms for adolescent challenges

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Develop strategies for managing adolescent challenges
- Practice effective communication about body changes
- Show responsibility in health maintenance

- Discuss coping mechanisms for developmental challenges
- Practice open communication with trusted adults
- Focus on strengths beyond appearance
- Participate in group activities

What strategies help adolescents cope with developmental challenges?

- Master Integrated Science pg. 117
- Group activity materials
- Reference books

- Assessment rubrics - Observation - Checklist

Living Things and Their Environment

Human Reproductive System - Planning to manage developmental challenges

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Develop a personal plan to manage adolescent challenges
- Set realistic goals for health maintenance
- Take responsibility for personal development

- Study Nzive's plan for managing developmental challenges
- Copy and complete planning table
- Make personal plans on plain paper
- Show plans to classmates and keep in portfolio

How can adolescents create effective plans to manage developmental challenges?

- Master Integrated Science pg. 118
- Planning templates
- Portfolio folders

- Written assignments - Portfolio assessment - Self-assessment

Living Things and Their Environment

Human Reproductive System - Review and assessment

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Summarize key concepts about human reproduction
- Demonstrate understanding of adolescent development
- Apply knowledge to real-life situations

- Define reproduction and identify body systems
- Name parts and state functions of reproductive systems
- List physical changes during adolescence
- Provide advice for developmental challenges

How can knowledge of human reproduction help in daily life?

- Master Integrated Science pg. 119
- Assessment materials
- Review sheets

- Written tests - Assessment rubrics - Oral questions

Living Things and Their Environment

Human Reproductive System - Extended activities and reflection
Human Reproductive System - Integration and application

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Apply reproductive health knowledge in community contexts
- Communicate effectively about adolescent development
- Show maturity in discussing sensitive topics

- Integrate knowledge of reproductive systems with health practices
- Demonstrate responsible attitudes toward reproduction
- Connect learning to career possibilities

- Discuss physical changes with parents or guardians
- Complete extended activities from textbook
- Reflect on learning about human reproduction
- Share appropriate experiences with classmates

- Link reproductive system knowledge to Agriculture and Nutrition
- Explore career connections in health sciences
- Practice explaining concepts to younger students
- Develop health promotion messages

How can learning about reproduction benefit families and communities?
How does understanding reproduction connect to other subjects and careers?

- Master Integrated Science pg. 106
- Community resources
- Family involvement

- Master Integrated Science pg. 106
- Career information
- Cross-curricular materials

- Community feedback - Reflection journals - Peer assessment
- Project assessment - Presentation skills - Written reports

Living Things and Their Environment

Human Reproductive System - Assessment and remediation

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Demonstrate mastery of reproductive system concepts
- Identify areas needing improvement
- Set goals for continued learning

- Complete comprehensive assessment on reproductive system
- Identify strengths and weaknesses in understanding
- Receive feedback on performance
- Plan for improvement in weak areas

What have I learned about human reproduction and how can I improve?

- Assessment papers
- Feedback forms
- Improvement plans

- Summative assessment - Self-evaluation - Teacher feedback

Living Things and Their Environment

Human Reproductive System - Enrichment and extension

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explore advanced concepts in human reproduction
- Research current issues in reproductive health
- Demonstrate leadership in health education

- Research current topics in reproductive health
- Prepare presentations on specialized topics
- Mentor younger students on health topics
- Create educational materials for school use

How can I use my knowledge to help others understand human reproduction?

- Advanced reference materials
- Internet resources
- Presentation tools

- Research projects - Presentation assessment - Peer teaching evaluation

Living Things and Their Environment

Human Excretory System - Components of the excretory system

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify components of the excretory system
- Recognize the skin as an excretory organ
- Appreciate the importance of waste removal

- Brainstorm on waste removal in humans
- Identify excretory organs (skin, lungs, kidneys)
- Discuss the role of excretory system
- Compare different excretory organs

What organs make up the human excretory system?

- Master Integrated Science pg. 119
- Charts of excretory system
- Digital resources

- Observation - Oral questions - Practical work

Living Things and Their Environment

Human Excretory System - External parts of the skin
Human Excretory System - Structure of the skin

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify external parts of the skin using hand lens
- Observe hair and sweat pores
- Show interest in studying body structures

- Identify parts of the skin from diagrams
- Label epidermis, dermis, sweat glands and ducts
- Understand the layered structure of skin

- Use hand lens to observe external parts of skin
- Identify visible parts of skin on arm
- Sketch external parts of skin as seen through hand lens
- Compare drawings with classmates

- Study images and identify labeled parts A to F
- Use charts to label parts of human skin
- Draw and label parts of human skin
- Share work with classmates

What parts of the skin can be seen with a hand lens?
What are the main structural parts of the human skin?

- Master Integrated Science pg. 120
- Hand lenses
- Observation sheets

- Master Integrated Science pg. 121
- Skin structure charts
- Digital devices

- Practical work - Observation schedule - Checklist
- Assessment rubrics - Practical work - Written assignments

Living Things and Their Environment

Human Excretory System - Functions of skin parts

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Describe functions of skin parts
- Explain the sweating process
- Appreciate the skin's protective role

- Name waste products removed through skin
- Explain functions of sweat glands, ducts and pores
- Discuss other functions of skin parts
- Search for information on skin functions

How do the different parts of the skin function?

- Master Integrated Science pg. 122
- Reference materials
- Digital resources

- Oral questions - Written tests - Assessment rubrics

Living Things and Their Environment

Human Excretory System - Understanding excretion and waste products

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Define excretion
- Identify waste products excreted by different organs
- Understand the importance of waste removal

- Complete puzzle on skin parts and functions
- Study story of sweating process
- Identify waste products from skin, lungs and kidneys
- Discuss harmful effects of waste accumulation

Why is excretion important for the human body?

- Master Integrated Science pg. 123
- Puzzle materials
- Story completion sheets

- Checklist - Anecdotal records - Written tests