POULTRY

Composition of an egg.
Incubation of eggs.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

Identify parts of an egg.
Describe the parts of an egg.

Drawing and labeling an egg.
Breaking an egg to examine its internal structure.

Eggs,
Chart ? parts of an egg.
eggs

KLB BK IV
Pg 1-2

Longhorn Bk IV
Pg 1-2

POULTRY

Egg candling.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe candling of eggs.

Practical activity. Observing internal structure of an egg.
Make deductions from the observations.

Cardboard boxes,
Torch, eggs.

KLB BK IV
Pg 4

Longhorn Bk IV
Pg 3

POULTRY

Natural incubation.
Artificial incubation.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
State merits & demerits of natural incubation.
Identify management practices of an incubator.

Q/A & discussion.
Exposition, discussion & oral questions.

Nesting box.
artificial incubator

KLB BK IV
Pg 5-6

Longhorn Bk IV
Pg 3-4

POULTRY

Management of an incubator. Merits & demerits of artificial incubation.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Highlight management practices of an incubator.

State merits & demerits of artificial incubation.

Brain storming;
Probing questions;
Brief discussion.

KLB BK IV
Pg 8-9

Longhorn Bk IV
Pg 5-6

POULTRY

Artificial brooding.
Brooder & brooder management.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify requirements for an artificial brooder.

Exposition;
Probing questions;
Brief discussion.

Artificial brooder.

KLB BK IV
Pg 10-11
Longhorn Bk IV
Pg 8-9

POULTRY

Rearing of growers, layers and broilers.
Chicken rearing systems. -Free range rearing system.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Discuss rearing of growers, layers and broilers.

Exposition;
Probing questions;
Brief discussion.

free range system

KLB BK IV
Pg 14
Longhorn Bk IV
Pg 12-13

POULTRY

- Fold system.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe fold system.
State merits & demerits of fold systems.

Q/A & discussion.

Chicken folds.

KLB BK IV
Pg 17-18
Longhorn Bk IV
Pg 15-16

POULTRY

- Deep liter system.
- Battery cage system.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe the requirements for deep liter system of rearing chicks.
State merits & demerits of deep liter systems.

Q/A & brief discussion.

deep littre system
Battery cages.

KLB BK IV
Pg 18-20

Longhorn Bk IV
Pg 16-18

POULTRY

Factors affecting egg production. Vices.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify causes of vices such as egg eating and cannibalism and measures taken for the vices.

Discussion: causes and control of vices.

KLB BK IV
Pg 23-24
Longhorn Bk IV
Pg 20-21

POULTRY

Stress.
Culling birds.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
State causes of stress in birds.
Outline stress management practices.

Q/A & discussion.

resource person

KLB BK IV
Pg 22-23
Longhorn Bk IV
Pg 20-21

POULTRY

Marketing eggs and chicken meat.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
State factors considered in sorting and grading eggs for fresh markets.
Outline methods of killing a bird.
Describe dressing of a bird?s carcass.

Teacher?s demonstrations & discussion.

Topic review questions.

eggs

KLB BK IV
Pg 24-27

Longhorn Bk IV
Pg 22-23

POULTRY
CATTLE

Raising of the young stock.
Methods of calf rearing.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:



Explain the importance of feeding calves on colostrum.
Prepare artificial colostrum.

Q/A: qualities of colostrum.
Teacher?s demonstration: colostrum preparation.

Artificial colostrums.

KLB BK IV
Pg 28-29

Longhorn Bk IV
Pg 25-26

CATTLE

Weaning of calves.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe early & late weaning of calves.

Q/A, exposition & discussion.

Chart - weaning guide.

KLB BK IV
Pg 30-32
Longhorn Bk IV
Pg 29-30

CATTLE

Rearing replacement stock.
Calf housing.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe routine management practices for rearing replacement stock.
Give reasons for carrying out varying routine practices.

Q/A: review common management routine practices.

Discussion & Q/A. parasite control, castration, disease control, identification, dehorning.

video
Calf houses.

KLB BK IV
Pg 32-3

Longhorn Bk IV
Pg 30

CATTLE

Routine management practices in poultry.
Factors affecting milk composition.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Analyze routine management practices in calf rearing.

Q/A: review routine management practices in livestock.
Brief discussion.

video

KLB BK IV
Pg 34-36
Longhorn Bk IV
Pg 31

CATTLE

Milk secretion and let-down.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe the structure of the mammary gland.
Describe the flow of milk from the alveoli to the teat canal.

Drawing and labeling diagram of the udder.
Exposition of new concepts.

Chart-
Structure of the udder.

KLB BK IV
Pg 38-40

Longhorn Bk IV
Pg 33-34

CATTLE

Clean milk.
Milking materials and equipment.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
State characteristics of clean milk.
Outline essentials of clean milk production.

Oral questions & brief discussion.

milk
Strip cup.

KLB BK IV
Pg 40-42
Longhorn Bk IV
Pg 34-35

CATTLE

Milking procedure and technique.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Carry out milking using the correct milking procedure and technique.
Outline rules observed when milking.

Practical activity: milking by hand.

Probing questions on milking rules.

Lactating cow, basic milking equipment.

KLB BK IV
Pg 44-46

Longhorn Bk IV
Pg 37

CATTLE
FARM POWER & MACHINERY.

Dry cow therapy. Milk products. Marketing of milk and beef.
Sources of power in the farm.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain the concept of dry cow therapy.

Name various milk products.
Describe marketing of milk, beef & their by-products in Kenya.

Explanations & brief discussion.

solar,biogas,

KLB BK IV
Pg 46-47

Longhorn Bk IV
Pg 38-40

FARM POWER & MACHINERY.

The tractor: Petrol & diesel engines.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify major parts of the tractor petrol & diesel engines.

Exposition of new concepts, drawing illustrative diagrams.

Chart- petrol engine & diesel engine.

KLB BK IV
Pg 57-58
Longhorn Bk IV
Pg 53-54

FARM POWER & MACHINERY.

The four-stroke cycle engine.
The two- stroke cycle engine. Structural and functional differences between petrol and diesel engines.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe the four strokes in an engine
State merits & demerits of the four-stroke cycle engine.

Exposition of new concepts, drawing illustrative diagrams.

Diagrams - The four-stroke cycle.
two stroke engine diagram

KLB BK IV
Pg 58-61

Longhorn Bk IV
Pg 54-55

FARM POWER & MACHINERY.

Petrol fuel system of a tractor.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe the petrol fuel system of a tractor.
State maintenance practices of a petrol fuel system of a tractor.

Block diagram: petrol engine fuel system.
Discussion.

diagram of a petrol fuel system

KLB BK IV
Pg 63-64
Longhorn Bk IV
Pg 60-61

FARM POWER & MACHINERY.

Diesel fuel system of a tractor.
Electrical system of a tractor.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe the diesel fuel system of a tractor.
State maintenance practices of a diesel fuel system of a tractor.

Block diagram: petrol engine fuel system.
Discussion.

diagram of a diesel fuel system
Chart-  electrical system.

KLB BK IV
Pg 64-65
Longhorn Bk IV
Pg 60-61

FARM POWER & MACHINERY.

Tractor ignition system.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Name the components of tractor ignition system.
Correct some common faults of ignition system.
Discuss maintenance practices of the ignition system.

Refer to a diagram for ignition system of a tractor;
Brief discussion.

Chart - ignition system.

KLB BK IV
Pg 67-69

Longhorn Bk IV
Pg 62-63

FARM POWER & MACHINERY.

Tractor cooling system.
Lubrication system of an engine.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Briefly describe air-cooled and water-cooled systems.
Discuss proper maintenance of cooling system.

Brief discussion.

Chart- water cooling system.
diagram of a lubrication system

KLB BK IV
Pg 69-71

Longhorn Bk IV
Pg 63-64

FARM POWER & MACHINERY.

Power transmission system of an engine.
Tractor servicing.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain the function of power transmission system.
State the function of the clutch, gearbox and the differential.

Teacher exposes the parts of power transmission system.
Refer to diagrams to identify parts of a power transmission system;
Brief discussion.

Chart- power transmission
system.

KLB BK IV
Pg 72-76

Longhorn Bk IV
Pg 64-65

FARM POWER & MACHINERY.

Tractor drawn implements.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Classify tractor drawn implements on basis of attachment to the tractor.
List down maintenance practices for a trailer.

Teacher?s explanations.


Q/A: maintenance practices.

Charts-
Tractor drawn implements.

KLB BK IV
Pg 77-80

Longhorn Bk IV
Pg 66-7

FARM POWER & MACHINERY.

Disc plough.
Mould board plough.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Label parts of a disc plough
List down maintenance practices for a disc plough.

Q/A: review primary and secondary cultivation.

Drawing labeled diagrams.

Q/A & discussion.

Chart- Disc plough
Chart- Mould board plough

KLB BK IV
Pg 79-80

Longhorn Bk IV
Pg 68-9

FARM POWER & MACHINERY.

Harrows.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify types of harrows and their uses.
List down maintenance practices for harrows.

Drawing diagrams, Q/A & discussion.

harrows 

KLB BK IV
Pg 82-84
Longhorn Bk IV
Pg 72-77

FARM POWER & MACHINERY.

Other farm implements.
Animal drawn implements.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain the functional features of subsoilers, ridgers, rotary tillers & mowers.
List down maintenance practices for the
implements.

Exposition & brief discussion.
Excursion & exhibitions.

illustrative video
Chart:
An ox-plough.

KLB BK IV
Pg 85-91

Longhorn Bk IV
Pg 78-82

AGRIC. ECONOMICS III (PRODUCTION ECONOMICS)

Household firm relationship.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Define a household and a firm as business terms.
Describe a household and a firm as producers and consumers and their role in a country's economic growth.

Q/A: review definition of economics, production economics.
Exposition & explanations.
Q/A & discussion.

resource person

KLB BK IV
Pg 96-97

Longhorn Bk 4
Pg 20-21

AGRIC. ECONOMICS III (PRODUCTION ECONOMICS)

Gross domestic product (GDP) and Gross National product (GNP). Per Capita Income.
Contribution of Agriculture to national development.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Define the terms GDP & GNP.
Define the term gross national income (GNI).


Define the term per capita income.

Exposition & explanations.



Calculations.

calculator

KLB BK IV
Pg 97-98

Longhorn Bk 4
Pg 87-88

AGRIC. ECONOMICS III (PRODUCTION ECONOMICS)

Land as a factor of production.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe the economic value of production of crops and livestock and space for construction of farm buildings, agro-industries & infrastructure.
List down methods of land acquisition.

Exposition of new concepts;
Probing questions to elicit responses;
Brief discussion.

student book

KLB BK IV
Pg 99-100

Longhorn Bk 4
Pg 92-3

AGRIC. ECONOMICS III (PRODUCTION ECONOMICS)

Labor as a factor of production.
Capital.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Define the term labor as used in production.
Explain ways of improving labor productivity.
Identify types of labor.

Oral questions & discussion.

chart

KLB BK IV
Pg 100-2

Longhorn Bk 4
Pg 93-4

AGRIC. ECONOMICS III (PRODUCTION ECONOMICS)

Management as a production factor.
Production function.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
State functions of a manager in a farm.
Identify good qualities of a manager.

Q/A & discussion.

KLB BK IV
Pg 103-4

AGRIC. ECONOMICS III (PRODUCTION ECONOMICS)

Production function curves.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Illustrate and interpret input-output relationship graphically.

Worked examples: supervised practice.

Graph papers.

KLB BK IV
Pg 106-7
Longhorn Bk 4
Pg 98

AGRIC. ECONOMICS III (PRODUCTION ECONOMICS)

Increasing returns production functions.
Constant returns production functions.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Illustrate and interpret Increasing returns production functions.
Give empirical examples where increasing returns production functions are experienced.

Tabulate inputs and outputs.
Graphical representation of increasing returns production functions.

Graph papers.
charts

KLB BK IV
Pg 107-8
Longhorn Bk 4
Pg 99

AGRIC. ECONOMICS III (PRODUCTION ECONOMICS)

Decreasing returns production functions.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Decreasing returns production functions.
Give empirical examples where decreasing returns production functions are experienced.

Tabulate inputs and outputs.
Graphical representation of decreasing returns production functions.

graphs

KLB BK IV
Pg 109-10

AGRIC. ECONOMICS III (PRODUCTION ECONOMICS)

Law of diminishing returns.
Zones of a PF curve.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
State the law oh diminishing returns.

Refer to illustrative tables.
Plot graphs from the tables;
Discuss shape of the curve.

graphs
Chart - Curve showing 3 zones of PF.

KLB BK IV
Pg 112

Longhorn Bk 4
Pg 100-1

AGRIC. ECONOMICS III (PRODUCTION ECONOMICS)

The principles of substitution. Input-input relationship.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
State the principles of substitution.
Give examples illustrating principles of substitution.
Identify ways of combining inputs.

Exposition.

Illustrative examples, brief discussion.

KLB BK IV
Pg 115-6

Longhorn Bk 4
Pg 102