CHEMICAL FAMILIES

Alkali metals. Atomic and ionic radii of alkali metals
Ionisation energy of alkali metals.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:





Identify alkali metals.
State changes in atomic and ionic radii of alkali metals.

State changes in number of energy levels and ionisation energy of alkali metals.

Q/A to reviews elements of group I and their electronic configuration.
Examine a table of elements, their symbols and atomic & ionic radii.
Discussion & making deductions from the table.
Examine a table of elements, number of energy levels and their ionization energy.
Discuss the trend deduced from the table.

The periodic
text book

K.L.B. BOOK IIPP 28-29

CHEMICAL FAMILIES

Ionisation energy of alkali metals.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
State changes in number of energy levels and ionisation energy of alkali metals.

Examine a table of elements, number of energy levels and their ionization energy.
Discuss the trend deduced from the table.

text book

K.L.B. BOOK II

CHEMICAL FAMILIES

Physical properties of alkali metals.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
State and explain trends in physical properties of alkali metals.

Examine a table showing comparative physical properties of Li, Na, and K.
Q/A: Teacher asks probing questions as students refer to the table for answers.
Detailed discussion on physical properties of alkali metals.

Chart ? comparative properties of Li, Na, K.

K.L.B. BOOK IIPP 30-31

CHEMICAL FAMILIES

Chemical properties of alkali metals.
Reaction of alkali metals with chlorine gas.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe reaction of alkali metals with water.
To write balanced equations for reaction of alkali metals with chlorine gas.

Q/A: Review reaction of metals with water.
Writing down chemical equations for the reactions.
Deduce and discuss the order of reactivity down the group.

Teacher demonstration- reaction of sodium with chlorine in a fume chamber.
Q/A: Students to predict a similar reaction between potassium and chlorine.
Word and balanced chemical equations for various reactions.

text book
Sodium, chlorine.

K.L.B. BOOK IIP. 32
K.L.B. BOOK IIP. 33

CHEMICAL FAMILIES

Compounds of alkali metals.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Write chemical formulae for compounds of alkali metals.
Explain formation of hydroxides, oxides and chlorides of alkali metals.

Exercise: Completing a table of hydroxides, oxides and chlorides of alkali metals.
Discuss combination of ions of alkali metals with anions.

text book

K.L.B. BOOK II pp 33

CHEMICAL FAMILIES

Compounds of alkali metals.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Write chemical formulae for compounds of alkali metals.
Explain formation of hydroxides, oxides and chlorides of alkali metals.

Exercise: Completing a table of hydroxides, oxides and chlorides of alkali metals.
Discuss combination of ions of alkali metals with anions.

text book

K.L.B. BOOK II pp 33

CHEMICAL FAMILIES

Uses of alkali metals.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
State uses of alkali metals.

Descriptive approach: Teacher elucidates uses of alkali metals.

text book

K.L.B. BOOK II pp 34

CHEMICAL FAMILIES

Alkaline Earth metals Atomic and ionic radii of alkaline earth metals.
Physical properties of alkaline earth metals.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify alkaline earth metals.

State changes in atomic and ionic radii of alkaline earth metals.
State and explain trends in physical properties of alkaline earth metals.

Q/A: Elements of group I and their electron configuration.
Examine a table of elements, their symbols and atomic & ionic radii.
Make deductions from the table.

Examine a table showing comparative physical properties of Be, Mg, Ca.
Q/A: Teacher asks probing questions as students refer to the table for answers.
Detailed discussion of physical properties of alkaline earth metals.

Some alkaline earth metals.

K.L.B. BOOK II pp 34
K.L.B. BOOK II P. 35

CHEMICAL FAMILIES

Electrical properties of alkaline earth metals.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe electrical properties of alkaline earth metals.

Teacher demonstration: -
To show alkaline metals are good conductors of electric charge.

Alkaline earth metals.

K.L.B. BOOK IIP. 37

CHEMICAL FAMILIES

Electrical properties of alkaline earth metals.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe electrical properties of alkaline earth metals.

Teacher demonstration: -
To show alkaline metals are good conductors of electric charge.

Alkaline earth metals.

K.L.B. BOOK IIP. 37

CHEMICAL FAMILIES

Chemical properties of alkaline earth metals. Reaction of alkaline earth metals with oxygen.
Chemical properties of alkaline earth metals. Reaction of alkaline earth metals with water.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe reaction of alkaline earth metals with oxygen

To describe reaction of alkaline earth metals with water.

Q/A: Review reactions of Mg, Ca, with oxygen.
The corresponding word and then chemical equations are then written and their correctness verified by the teacher.
Q/A: Review reaction of metals with water.
Writing down word and balanced chemical equations for the reactions.
Deduce and discuss the order of reactivity down the group.

text book
Some alkaline earth metals.

K.L.B. BOOK IIP. 38
K.L.B. BOOK IIP. 39

CHEMICAL FAMILIES

Reaction of alkaline earth metals with chlorine gas.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To write balanced equations for reaction of alkaline earth metals with chlorine gas.

Teacher demonstration- Reaction of sodium with chlorine in a fume chamber.
Q/A: Students to predict a similar reaction between potassium and chlorine.
Word and balanced chemical equations for various reactions.
Supervised practice.

Sodium, chlorine.

K.L.B. BOOK II P. 41

CHEMICAL FAMILIES

Reaction of alkaline earth metals with dilute acids.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To write balanced equations for reactions of alkaline earth metals with dilute acids.

Changing word to chemical equations.
Supervised practice.

revision book

K.L.B. BOOK II PP. 43

CHEMICAL FAMILIES

Chemical formulae of alkaline earth metals.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Write chemical formulae for compounds of alkaline earth metals.
Explain formation of hydroxides, oxides and chlorides of alkaline earth metals.

Exercise: Completing a table of hydroxides, oxides and chlorides of alkaline earth metals.
Discuss combination of ions of alkaline earth metals with anions.

text book

K.L.B. BOOK II PP. 45-47

CHEMICAL FAMILIES

Uses of some alkaline earth metals and their compounds.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
State uses of alkaline earth metals.

Descriptive approach: Teacher elucidates uses of alkaline earth metals.

text book

K.L.B. BOOK II PP. 45-47

CHEMICAL FAMILIES

Halogens. Physical properties of halogens.
Comparative physical properties of halogens.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify halogens in the periodic table.
Give examples of halogens.
Identify physical states of halogens.

Teacher demonstration: - To examine electrical properties of iodine, solubility in water of chlorine.

Iodine crystals, electrical wire, a bulb.
text book

KLB BK II
P. 47

CHEMICAL FAMILIES

Chemical properties of halogens.
Equations of reaction of halogens with metals.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe laboratory preparation of chlorine gas.

To describe reaction of halogens with metals.
To write balanced chemical equations of reactions involving halogens.

Teacher demonstration: - preparation of chlorine gas.
Reaction of chlorine and iron wool.
Reaction of bromine and iron wool.
Reaction of iodine and iron wool.
Observe the rate of these reactions; hence deduce order of their reactivity of halogens.

Re-write word equations as chemical equations then balance them.
Supervised practice.

Chlorine, iron wool, bromine.
text book

K.L.B. BOOK IIPP. 48-50
K.L.B. BOOK II P. 50

CHEMICAL FAMILIES

Reaction of halogens with water.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe reaction of halogens with water and the results obtained.

Bubbling chlorine gas through water.
Carry out litmus test for the water.
Explain the observations.

Chlorine gas, litmus papers.

K.L.B. BOOK II P. 51

CHEMICAL FAMILIES

Some uses of halogens and their compounds.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To state uses of halogens and their compounds.

Teacher elucidates uses of halogens and their compounds.

text book

K.L.B. BOOK II pp 52

CHEMICAL FAMILIES
CHEMICAL FAMILIES
STRUCTURE & BONDING
STRUCTURE & BONDING

Noble Gases. Comparative physical properties of noble gases.
Uses of noble gases.
Chemical bonds. Ionic bond.
Ionic bond representation.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe physical properties of noble gases.
To explain physical properties of noble gases.
State uses of noble gases.

Make A comparative analysis of tabulated physical properties of noble gases.
Teacher elucidates uses of noble gases.

text book
text book
Chart- dot and cross diagrams.
Models for bonding.

  K.L.B. BOOK IIPP. 52-53
K.L.B. BOOK IIP. 54

STRUCTURE & BONDING

Grant ionic structures.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe the crystalline ionic compound.
Give examples of ionic substances.

Discuss the group ionic structures of NaCl.
Teacher gives examples of other ionic substances: KNO3, potassium bromide, Ca (NO3)2, sodium iodide.

Giant sodium chloride model.

K.L.B. BOOK II PP 56-58

STRUCTURE & BONDING

Physical properties of ionic compounds.
Covalent bond.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe physical properties of ionic compounds.
Explain the differences in the physical properties of ionic compounds.

Analyse tabulated comparative physical properties of ionic compounds.

Teacher asks probing questions.

text book

K.L.B. BOOK IIPP 58-59

STRUCTURE & BONDING

Co-ordinate bond.
Molecular structure.
Trend in physical properties of molecular structures.
Giant atomic structure in diamond.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe the co-ordinate bond
To represent co-ordinate bond diagrammatically.
To describe van- der -waals forces.
To explain the trend in physical properties of molecular structures.

Exposition- teacher explains the nature of co-ordinate bond.
Students represent co-ordinate bond diagrammatically.
Discuss comparative physical properties of substances. exhibiting molecular structure.
Explain variation in the physical properties.

text book
Sugar, naphthalene, iodine rhombic sulphur.
Diagrams in textbooks.

K.L.B. BOOK II P 65
K.L.B. BOOK IIP 65

STRUCTURE & BONDING

Giant atomic structure in graphite.
Metallic bond. Uses of some metals.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe giant atomic structure in graphite.
To state uses of graphite.

Diagrammatic representation of graphite.

Discuss uses of graphite.

Diagrams in textbooks.
text book

K.L.B. BOOK II pp 69

PROPERTIES AND TRENDS ACROSS PERIOD THREE

Physical properties of elements in periods.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:




To compare electrical conductivity of elements in period 3

Group experiments- Construct electrical circuits incorporating a magnesium ribbon, then aluminum foil, then sulphur in turns.
The brightness of the bulb is noted in each case.
Discuss the observations in terms of delocalised electrons.

The periodic table.

K.L.B. BOOK IIP. 76

PROPERTIES AND TRENDS ACROSS PERIOD THREE

Physical properties of elements in period 3.
Chemical properties of elements in period 3.
Chemical properties of elements in the third period.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To compare other physical properties of elements across period 3.
To compare reactions of elements in period 3 with oxygen.

Analyse comparative physical properties presented in form of a table.
Explain the trend in the physical properties given.

Q/A: Products of reactions of Na, Mg, Al, P, & S with oxygen.
Discuss the trend in their reactivity; identify basic and acidic oxides.
Exercise ? balanced chemical equations for the above reactions.

The periodic table.

K.L.B. BOOK II P. 77
K.L.B. BOOK II PP. 79-80

PROPERTIES AND TRENDS ACROSS PERIOD THREE

Oxides of period 3 elements.
Chlorides of period 3 elements.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To identify bonds across elements in period 3.
To explain chemical behavior of their oxide.

Comparative analysis, discussion and explanation.

The periodic table.

K.L.B. BOOK II P. 84

EFFECTS OF AN ELECTRIC CURRENT ON SUBSTANCES.

Electrical conductivity.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To test for electrical conductivities of substances.

Group experiments- to identify conductors and non-conductors.
Explain the difference in (non) conductivities.

Various solids, bulb, battery, & wires.

K.L.B. BOOK II PP. 118-119