SOIL FERTILITY
LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION I

Methods of making organic manure.
Importance of livestock. Livestock types and breeds.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe methods of making organic manure.

Discussion: Compost manure, green manure, FYM.
Procedure of making manure.

Compost manure, green manure, FYM.
Livestock products and by-products.

KLB
Pages 112

LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION I

Dairy cattle.
Breeds of dairy cattle.
Beef cattle.
Breeds of beef cattle.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To identify key parts of a cow.
To identify characteristics of dairy cattle.
To describe various breeds of dairy cattle.

To identify major parts of a beef animal.
To identify general characteristics of beef cattle.

Drawing and labeling a cow.

Q/A: Characteristics of dairy cattle.

Drawing and labeling a beef cow.

Chart- key parts of a cow.
Wall chart: breeds of dairy cows.
Charts- a beef animal.
Wall chart-Beef cattle

KLB
Page 119 
KLB
Pages 1121

LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION I

Dual-purpose cattle.
Sheep. Breeds of wool sheep.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To identify dual-purpose cattle breeds (both exotic and indigenous).
To state characteristics of dual-purpose cattle breeds.

Discuss characteristics of Sahiwal, Red Poll and Zebu (East African Zebu).

Photographs of dual-purpose cattle breeds.
Chart- key parts of a sheep.
Wall chart- Breeds of wool sheep.

KLB
Pages 122

LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION I

Mutton sheep breeds.
Dual-purpose sheep.
Breeds of meat goats.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To name breeds of mutton sheep.
To state characteristics of each bread of mutton sheep.

Identifying and stating characteristics of the Dorper, Black head Persian sheep, Masai sheep, Somali sheep.

Wall chart- Breeds of mutton sheep.
Wall chart: dual-purpose sheep breeds.

KLB
Pages 131

LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION I

Breeds of milk goats.
Pig breeds.
Breeds of rabbits.
Chicken breeds.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To name and state characteristics of breeds of milk goats.
To state characteristics of Angora goat.
To name key parts of a rabbit.
To identify breeds of rabbits and their characteristics.

Highlight the characteristics of: Toggenburg goat, Saanen, Jamnapuri goat, e.t.c.
Highlight the characteristics of Angora goat.

Briefly discuss the typical conformation and characteristics of New Zealand White, the California White, the Chinchilla and Earlops.

Wall chart- milk and meat goats.
Chart- Key parts of a pig
Wall chart- Major pig breeds.
Chart- Key parts of a rabbit
Wall chart- Rabbit breeds.
Chart - Key parts of a chicken.

KLB
Page 134
KLB
Pages 136

LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION I
AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS 1

Chicken hybrids.
Camel breeds.
Introduction.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To state advantages of hybrids over pure breeds.

Q/A & brief discussion.

Chart - Key parts of a chicken.
Photographs of camel breeds.
text book

KLB Page 129

AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS 1

Basic economic principles.
Importance of Farm records.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To explain basic concepts of economics.

Discussion at length on the following: scarcity and choice, opportunity cost, preference and choice.

text book
Specimen farm records.

KLB
Pages 141

AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS 1

Types of farm records. Inventory and financial records.
Labor records and production records.
Livestock Production Records. Breeding records.
Feeding records. Health records.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe inventory records and financial records.
To explain importance of feeding records.
To represent feeding details in tabular form.
To identify details of animal health records.

Probing questions and discussion.

Samples of records / charts.
Labour records and production records.
Livestock breeding records.
Chart ? Sample of animal health record.

KLB
Page 143
KLB
Page 146

AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS 1
INORGANIC FERTILIZERS

Livestock production records.
Macro-nutrients. Nitrogen.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To state importance of keeping accurate livestock production records.
To identify necessary details of livestock production records.

Discussion: Milk production record/ egg production record.

Practical activity- Design milk production / egg production records.

Livestock production records.
Yellowish-green / brown leaves.

KLB
Page 146

INORGANIC FERTILIZERS

Phosphorus. Potassium.
Magnesium. Calcium.
Sulphur. Carbon, Hydrogen & Oxygen.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To identify role of phosphorus in plants.
To state symptoms of phosphorus deficiency in plants.

To identify role of potassium in plants.
To state symptoms of potassium deficiency in plants.

Discuss, giving examples the role of phosphorus and the deficiency symptoms of phosphorus.


Discuss, giving examples the role of potassium and the deficiency symptoms.

Purple flowers.
Curled leaves,
Chlorotic leaves.
Thin stems with reduced nodulation.
Tomatoes with blossom end rot.
crop leaves

KLB BK II
Pgs 2-3

INORGANIC FERTILIZERS

Micro-nutrients.
Classification of Fertilizers. Straight and compound fertilizers.
Nitrogenous fertilizers.
Phosphatic fertilizers.
Potassic fertilizers.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To identify plants micronutrients and state their roles.
To identify deficiency symptoms of minor nutrients in plants.
To state characteristics of nitrogenous fertilizers.

Q/A: Compare micronutrients with macronutrients hence define a micronutrient.
Exposition: Teacher gives examples of micronutrients and exposes their roles and deficiency symptoms.

Group experiments- Dissolving nitrogenous fertilizers in water.
Discussion: Other characteristics of nitrogenous fertilizers.
Giving examples of nitrogenous fertilizers.

Chart: Macronutrients,
micronutrients,
their ionic forms and deficiency symptoms.
CAN
ASN
SA
DAP, MAP, Urea.
(NH4)2 SO4
ASN
SSP
DSP
TSP
KCl
K2SO4

Pg 6
KLB BK II Pg 9-10

INORGANIC FERTILIZERS

Fertilizer Application.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe methods of fertilizer application.

Q/A: Teacher elicits responses on methods of fertilizer application.
Brief discussion of the methods highlighted.
Q/A: Advantages and disadvantages of each method.

KLB BK II Pg 12-13

INORGANIC FERTILIZERS

Fertilizer Rates.
Carbon cycle and Nitrogen cycle.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To determine % of nutrient(s) of a fertilizer.
To calculate fertilizer ratio.
To find the amount of fertilizer required per unit area (hectare).

Problem solving and explanations.
Worked examples.
Supervised practice.

chart
Charts: Carbon cycle
Nitrogen cycle.

KLB BK II Pg 14-15

INORGANIC FERTILIZERS
CROP PRODUCTION II (PLANTING)

Soil Sampling.
Soil Testing.
Seeds.
Vegetative materials.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To define soil sampling.
To state methods of sampling soil.
To describe soil sampling procedures.



To state advantages and disadvantages of using seeds as planting materials.

Expositions &
Detailed discussion.
Teacher broadly classifies planting materials as either seeds or vegetative materials.
Q/A: Advantages and disadvantages of using seeds compared to vegetative materials.

Charts: Transverse and ziz-zag soil sampling methods.
Litmus paper, indicators, pH colour chart.
student book
vegetative materials & seeds

KLB BK II Pg 20-22
KLB BK II Pg 27-28

CROP PRODUCTION II (PLANTING)

Vegetative planting materials.
Selection of planting materials.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To identify plant parts used for vegetative propagation.

Present various parts of vegetative planting materials i.e. bulbils of sisal/ splits of grass/ pyrethrum, banana/ sisal suckers, Irish potato tubers, potato vines, and sugarcane setts.

Bulbils of sisal/ splits of grass/ pyrethrum, banana/ sisal suckers, Irish potato tubers, potato vines, and sugarcane setts.
vegetative materials & seeds

KLB BK II Pg 28-34

CROP PRODUCTION II (PLANTING)

Preparation of planting materials.
Time of planting.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To explain some methods used to prepare planting materials.

Detailed discussion on breaking seed dormancy, chemical treatment, seed dressing and seed inoculation, chitting / sprouting.

vegetative materials & seeds

KLB BK II Pg 35

CROP PRODUCTION II (PLANTING)

Broadcasting method of planting. Row planting.
Over-sowing and under-sowing.
Spacing of crops.
Plant population.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To identify advantages and disadvantages of broadcasting method.

To state advantages and disadvantages of row planting.
To distinguish over-sowing form under-sowing.

Brief discussion.
Give examples of crops planted by broadcasting.

Q/A: Advantages and disadvantages of row planting.
Brief discussion.
Give examples of such crops.

video
video
Chart: Average inter-row and intrarow spacing of common crops.

KLB BK II Pg 39-40
v Pg 40

CROP PRODUCTION II (PLANTING)

Seed rate.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To define optimal seed rate of a given crop.
To explain factors to consider in choosing seed rates.

Explanations and detailed discussion.

student book

KLB BK II Pg 43

CROP PRODUCTION II (PLANTING)

Depth of planting.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To explain determinants of correct depth of planting.

Q/A & Detailed discussion.
Field activity: planting crops to the correct spacing.
Supervised field activities.

school farm

KLB BK II Pg 43-44

CROP PRODUCTION III (NURSERY PRACTICES)

Establishing a nursery.
Nursery management practices.
Grafting.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

To differentiate between a nursery and a seedbed.

To explain the importance of a nursery in crop propagation.
To enumerate factors considered when siting a nursery.





To define grafting.
To describe methods of grafting.

Q/A and explanations.
Activity- Establishing a (vegetative) nursery / tea sleeves / sugarcane setts.
Teacher demonstration/ illustration of whip grafting, side grafting, bark grafting.
Out - door activity: Students practise grafting.

School farm.
Grafting tools.

KLB BK II Pg 46-48
KKLB BK II LB BK II
Pg 53-55

CROP PRODUCTION III (NURSERY PRACTICES)

Budding.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To define budding.
To describe methods of budding.
To explain importance of grafting and budding.

Teacher demonstrations/ illustrations/ drawing diagrams.
Discussion: Types of budding.

budding tools

KLB BK II Pg 55-58

CROP PRODUCTION III (NURSERY PRACTICES)

Layering.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To define layering.
To identify appropriate crops for layering.
To describe methods / types of layering.

Teacher demonstrations/ Illustrations/ Drawing diagrams.
Out-door activity: Carrying out layering.

school farm

KLB BK II Pg 58-60

CROP PRODUCTION III (NURSERY PRACTICES)

Tissue culture for crop propagation.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To define tissue culture.
To describe the process of tissue culture.
To explain importance of tissue culture in crop propagation.

Teacher exposes new concepts.

Brief discussion on tissue culture.

Suitable crops.

KLB BK II Pg 60-63

CROP PRODUCTION III (NURSERY PRACTICES)

Transplanting crop seedlings.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe the process of transferring seedlings from the nursery to the field.
To explain management practices before, during and after transplanting crop seedlings.

Q/A, Explanations and brief discussion.
Activity: Transplanting crop seedlings.

Suitable crops.

KLB BK II Pg 61-62

CROP PRODUCTION III (NURSERY PRACTICES)
CROP PRODUCTION IV (FIELD PRACTICES)

Transplanting tree seedlings.
Crop rotation.
Importance of crop rotation.
Mulching.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To explain management practices before, during and after transplanting tree seedlings.


To explain the importance of crop rotation.
To give examples of rotational programmes.

Q/A, Explanations and brief discussion.
Activity: Transplanting tree seedlings.
Brief discussion; with reference to rotational programmes.

Suitable seedlings.
Illustrative charts.
Illustrative charts.
school farm

KLB BK II Pg 63
KLB BK II Pg 68-70

CROP PRODUCTION IV (FIELD PRACTICES)

Thinning, Gapping and Rouging.
Pruning.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To explain importance of thinning, gapping and rouging.

Brief discussion.

school farm
Secateurs, twigs, pruning saw, shears, e.t.c.

KLB BK IIPg 73

CROP PRODUCTION IV (FIELD PRACTICES)

Pruning tea.
Pruning coffee.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe methods of pruning tea.

Teacher demonstration of formative pruning, pegging method, use of rings and pegs, use of fitos, tipping.
Probing questions and detailed discussion.

Tea bushes, fitos, pegs.
school farm

KLB BK II Pg 76-80

CROP PRODUCTION IV (FIELD PRACTICES)

Training.
Weeds, crop pests and diseases.
Timing of harvesting.
Methods of harvesting.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To define training as a field practice.
To explain ways of training crops.
To explain the stage and timing of harvesting of a crop.

Expository approach: expose meaning of propping, trellising.
Q/A and discussion on importance of staking, earthing up.

Discussion on factors considered when timing harvesting.

school farm
education trip

PKLB BK II g 85-86
KLB BK II Pg 88-89

CROP PRODUCTION IV (FIELD PRACTICES)

Post-harvest practices. Storage.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe various post-harvest practices and their importance.
To give characteristics of a good grain store (traditional / modern).

Probing questions and detailed discussion.

video

KLB BK II Pg 90-94