FARM POWER & MACHINERY.

Sources of power in the farm.
The tractor: Petrol & diesel engines.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:


Describe various sources of power in the farm.
State merits & demerits of each source of power.



Identify major parts of the tractor petrol & diesel engines.

Q/A & discussion: animal power, wind power, waterpower, biogas, solar radiation, and fossil fuel.
Exposition of new concepts, drawing illustrative diagrams.

solar,biogas,
Chart- petrol engine & diesel engine.

KLB BK IV
Pg 50-56

Longhorn Bk IV
Pg 42-53
KLB BK IV
Pg 57-58
Longhorn Bk IV
Pg 53-54

FARM POWER & MACHINERY.

The four-stroke cycle engine.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe the four strokes in an engine
State merits & demerits of the four-stroke cycle engine.

Exposition of new concepts, drawing illustrative diagrams.

Diagrams - The four-stroke cycle.

KLB BK IV
Pg 58-61

Longhorn Bk IV
Pg 54-55

FARM POWER & MACHINERY.

The two- stroke cycle engine. Structural and functional differences between petrol and diesel engines.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe the two strokes in a cycle.
State merits & demerits of two-stroke cycle engine.

State structural and functional differences between petrol and diesel engines.

Exposition of new concepts,
drawing; illustrative diagrams;

Discussion.

two stroke engine diagram

KLB BK IV
Pg 61-63


Longhorn Bk IV
Pg 56-57

FARM POWER & MACHINERY.

Petrol fuel system of a tractor.
Diesel fuel system of a tractor.
Electrical system of a tractor.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe the petrol fuel system of a tractor.
State maintenance practices of a petrol fuel system of a tractor.
Name the components in the electrical system of a tractor.
Highlight methods of maintaining a tractor battery.

Block diagram: petrol engine fuel system.
Discussion.
Refer to diagram for electrical system of a tractor;
Brief discussion.

diagram of a petrol fuel system
diagram of a diesel fuel system
Chart-  electrical system.

KLB BK IV
Pg 63-64
Longhorn Bk IV
Pg 60-61
KLB BK IV
Pg 65-67

Longhorn Bk IV
Pg 61

FARM POWER & MACHINERY.

Tractor ignition system.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Name the components of tractor ignition system.
Correct some common faults of ignition system.
Discuss maintenance practices of the ignition system.

Refer to a diagram for ignition system of a tractor;
Brief discussion.

Chart - ignition system.

KLB BK IV
Pg 67-69

Longhorn Bk IV
Pg 62-63

FARM POWER & MACHINERY.

Tractor cooling system.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Briefly describe air-cooled and water-cooled systems.
Discuss proper maintenance of cooling system.

Brief discussion.

Chart- water cooling system.

KLB BK IV
Pg 69-71

Longhorn Bk IV
Pg 63-64

FARM POWER & MACHINERY.

Lubrication system of an engine.
Power transmission system of an engine.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe the lubrication system of an engine.
Outline importance of maintaining the lubrication system.
Explain the function of power transmission system.
State the function of the clutch, gearbox and the differential.

Exposition;
Brief discussion.
Teacher exposes the parts of power transmission system.
Refer to diagrams to identify parts of a power transmission system;
Brief discussion.

diagram of a lubrication system
Chart- power transmission
system.

KLB BK IV
Pg 71-72
Longhorn Bk IV
Pg 64-5
KLB BK IV
Pg 72-76

Longhorn Bk IV
Pg 64-65

FARM POWER & MACHINERY.

Tractor servicing.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe tractor servicing and maintenance practices.

Brief discussion.

KLB BK IV
Pg 776-77
Longhorn Bk IV
Pg 65-6

FARM POWER & MACHINERY.

Tractor drawn implements.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Classify tractor drawn implements on basis of attachment to the tractor.
List down maintenance practices for a trailer.

Teacher?s explanations.


Q/A: maintenance practices.

Charts-
Tractor drawn implements.

KLB BK IV
Pg 77-80

Longhorn Bk IV
Pg 66-7

FARM POWER & MACHINERY.

Disc plough.
Mould board plough.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Label parts of a disc plough
List down maintenance practices for a disc plough.

State operational differences between the disc plough and mould board plough.

Q/A: review primary and secondary cultivation.

Drawing labeled diagrams.

Q/A & discussion.

Chart- Disc plough

Chart- Mould board plough

KLB BK IV
Pg 79-80

Longhorn Bk IV
Pg 68-9
KLB BK IV
Pg 80-82
Longhorn Bk IV
Pg 70-1

FARM POWER & MACHINERY.

Harrows.
Other farm implements.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify types of harrows and their uses.
List down maintenance practices for harrows.

Drawing diagrams, Q/A & discussion.

harrows 
illustrative video

KLB BK IV
Pg 82-84
Longhorn Bk IV
Pg 72-77

FARM POWER & MACHINERY.

Animal drawn implements.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify parts of animal drawn implements and state their functions.
List down maintenance practices for an ox-plough, an ox-plough, and an ox-cart.
State merits & demerits of using animal-drawn implements compared to tractor power.

Drawing and labeling an ox-plough;
Probing questions;
Discussion.

Chart:
An ox-plough.

KLB BK IV
Pg 91-94


Longhorn Bk IV
Pg 82-83

AGRICULTURE ECONOMIC IV (FARM ACCOUNTS)

Financial documents.
Books of accounts.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:



Outline details contained in an invoice, receipt, delivery note and a purchase order.

Describe features of the ledger and the inventory.

Oral questions & brief discussion.
Oral questions & brief discussion.
Illustrative tables.

Invoice, receipt, delivery note and a purchase order.

KLB BK IV
Pg 139-145

Longhorn Bk 4
121

KLB BK IV
Pg 146-150
Longhorn Bk 4
Pg 124

AGRICULTURE ECONOMIC IV (FARM ACCOUNTS)

Cash book.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe features of the cash book.
Balance cash book.

Oral questions & brief discussion.
Illustrative examples.

Cash book.

KLB BK IV
Pg 150
Longhorn Bk 4
Pg 125

AGRICULTURE ECONOMIC IV (FARM ACCOUNTS)

Journal & Subsidiary books of the Journal.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe features of the journal & subsidiary books of the journal.

Oral questions & brief discussion.
Illustrative tables.

KLB BK IV
Pg 151-3

AGRICULTURE ECONOMIC IV (FARM ACCOUNTS)

Financial statements. Balance sheet.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe features of balance sheets.
Prepare a balance sheet.

Make entries in a balance sheet.
Prepare a balance sheet.
Supervised practice.

Balance sheet.

KLB BK IV
Pg 154-7
Longhorn Bk 4
Pg 129-130

AGRICULTURE ECONOMIC IV (FARM ACCOUNTS)

Solvency of a business.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Determine whether a business is solvent or insolvent.

KLB BK IV
Pg 154-7
Longhorn Bk 4
Pg 130

AGRICULTURE ECONOMIC IV (FARM ACCOUNTS)

Profit and loss account.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Define a profit and loss account.
Draw a profit and loss A/C.
Compute net profit.

Teacher gives format of profit and loss A/C.
Worked examples.
Supervised practice.

chart 

KLB BK IV
Pg 157-9
Longhorn Bk 4
Pg 132-3

AGRICULTURAL MARKETING & ORGANIZATIONS

Market and marketing.
Types of markets. Monopoly. Oligopoly & Monopsony.
Price theory and demand.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:




Define the term market as an institution.
Distinguish between a perfect and imperfect market.

Define the terms price & demand.
Sketch the demand curve.
Explain the term demand schedule.

Q/A: definition.
Teacher?s explanations.
Exposition;
Curve sketching & explanations.

student book

KLB BK IV
Pg 164

Longhorn Bk 4
Pg 137
KLB BK IV
Pg 166-8
Longhorn Bk 4
Pg 139-140

AGRICULTURAL MARKETING & ORGANIZATIONS

Factors affecting demand for a commodity.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Outline factors affecting demand for a commodity.

Q/A, discussion & explanations.

KLB BK IV
Pg 168-9
Longhorn Bk 4
Pg 140-2

AGRICULTURAL MARKETING & ORGANIZATIONS

Elasticity of demand.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain the concept of elasticity of demand.
Illustrate demand for a commodity.
Calculate elasticity of demand.
Identify types of elasticity of demand.
Illustrate elastic, inelastic & unitary demand graphically.

Teacher?s explanations.
Graphical illustration.

Worked examples. Supervised practice.



Graphical representation of demand.

chart

KLB BK IV
Pg 170-3


Longhorn Bk 4
Pg 142-4

AGRICULTURAL MARKETING & ORGANIZATIONS

Factors affecting elasticity of demand.
Supply & Supply-price relationship.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
State factors affecting elasticity of demand.
Define the term supply.
Illustrate supply-price relationship.

Exposition;
Explanations.
Sketching supply-price curves.
Refer to supply schedules.
Discussion.

chart

KLB BK IV
Pg 173-4

KLB BK IV
Pg 174-5
Longhorn Bk 4
Pg 144-5

AGRICULTURAL MARKETING & ORGANIZATIONS

Factors affecting supply of a commodity.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
State & explain factors affecting supply of a commodity.

Q/A & detailed discussion.

KLB BK IV
Pg 175-7
Longhorn Bk 4
Pg 145-6

AGRICULTURAL MARKETING & ORGANIZATIONS

Elasticity of supply (Es).

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Define elasticity of supply (Es).
Calculate (Es)

Q/A: review Ed hence defines Es.
Worked examples.
Supervised activity.

chart

KLB BK IV
Pg 177-8
Longhorn Bk 4
Pg 147

AGRICULTURAL MARKETING & ORGANIZATIONS

Determination of market prices.
Price control. Marketing and marketing function.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain how market prices are determined.
Determine the equilibrium or market prices of a commodity in a free market.

Explain the role of government in price control.

Define marketing and marketing function.describe tingfunction. a market.

Teacher?s explanation.

Q/A : review demand and supply curves.
Plot both curves.
Interpret the graphs.
Brain storming;
Exposition;
Discussion.

graph
student book

KLB BK IV
Pg 178-9

Longhorn Bk 4
Pg 149
KLB BK IV
Pg 179-183

Longhorn Bk 4
Pg 151

AGRICULTURAL MARKETING & ORGANIZATIONS

Marketing organizations and agencies. Wholesalers & retailers.
Itinerant traders, broker agents & commission agents.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:



Explain the arbitrage role of a wholesaler.
Identify services provided by retailers.

Brain storming;
Exposition;
Discussion.

student book

KLB BK IV
Pg 183-4

Longhorn Bk 4
Pg 151

AGRICULTURAL MARKETING & ORGANIZATIONS

Packers and processors, marketing boards & auctioneers.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Outline functions of packers and processors, marketing boards & auctioneers in a market.

Q/A & detailed discussion.

KLB BK IV
Pg 185-6

AGRICULTURAL MARKETING & ORGANIZATIONS

Special characteristics of Agricultural products.
Agricultural organizations. Kenya sugar authority, Horticultural crops Development Authority, AFC, ADC, and KMC.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe bulkiness, weight, volume, seasonality and perishability of Agricultural products.
Outline the functions of Kenya sugar authority, Horticultural crops Development Authority, AFC, ADC, and KMC.

Oral questions & detailed discussion
Probing questions,
Brief discussion

student book

KLB BK IV
Pg 186-8
KLB BK IV
Pg 189-192

Longhorn Bk 4
Pg 163-4

AGRICULTURAL MARKETING & ORGANIZATIONS

Other Farmers? Associations: KNFU, ASK, 4K-club, YF club.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Outline the functions of other Farmers? Associations such as KNFU, ASK, 4K-club, YF club.

Probing questions,
Brief discussion
Assignment.

student book

KLB BK IV
Pg 195-7

AGRICULTURAL MARKETING & ORGANIZATIONS

Co-operative societies.

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Outline the principles of co-operatives.
Highlight functions of co-operatives.

Probing questions, brief discussion, & teacher?s explanations.

student book

KLB BK IV
Pg 161-2