Foundations of Pre-Technical Studies

Self-Exploration and Career Development - Ways of nurturing talents and abilities for business purposes

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify ways of nurturing talents and abilities
- Explain how various ways can be used for business purposes
- Appreciate the importance of nurturing talents and abilities

- Read and discuss ways the school and community can employ to nurture talents and abilities of youths
- Explain the ways of nurturing talents and abilities as discussed by learners
- Discuss how the ways mentioned can be used for business purposes
- Share talents and abilities in groups and ways of nurturing them

How are talents and abilities nurtured?

- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book Grade 9 pg. 24
- Digital resources
- Reference materials

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments - Group discussions

Foundations of Pre-Technical Studies

Self-Exploration and Career Development - Ways of nurturing talents and abilities for business purposes

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Demonstrate talents and abilities through various activities
- Practice nurturing personal talents and abilities
- Value own talents and abilities for self-development

- Identify personal talents and abilities
- Practice talents and abilities with help of classmates, parents or guardians
- Display talents and abilities through clubs and societies or during planned school events
- Participate in talent shows and competitions

Why is self-exploration necessary for career development?

- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book Grade 9 pg. 26
- Talent show materials
- Digital resources

- Observation - Performance assessment - Peer assessment - Self-assessment

Foundations of Pre-Technical Studies

Self-Exploration and Career Development - Career pathways in senior school

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify various career pathways offered in senior school
- Describe each career pathway in senior school
- Show interest in different career pathways

- Use available print or digital resources to search for information on various career pathways offered in senior school in Kenya
- List the career pathways identified
- Discuss each career pathway
- Study pictures of learners demonstrating talents and abilities
- Identify talents or abilities shown and mention likely career pathway

What career pathways are available in senior school?

- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book Grade 9 pg. 26
- Pictures showing talents and abilities
- Digital resources
- Resource person

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments - Group presentations

Foundations of Pre-Technical Studies

Self-Exploration and Career Development - Career pathways in senior school

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Relate talents and abilities to career pathways in senior school
- Create a list of talents and abilities corresponding to career pathways
- Value the importance of matching talents to career pathways

- Study a list of talents and abilities related to Arts and Sports Science pathway
- Add more talents and abilities to the list
- Make lists of talents and abilities corresponding to Social Sciences and STEM pathways
- Display and compare lists with classmates

How do talents and abilities relate to career pathways?

- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book Grade 9 pg. 27
- Digital resources
- Career pathway charts

- Observation - Written assignments - Peer assessment - Class presentations

Foundations of Pre-Technical Studies

Self-Exploration and Career Development - Ethical and unethical practices related to the use of talents and abilities

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify ethical practices related to the use of talents and abilities
- Differentiate between ethical and unethical practices
- Appreciate the importance of ethical practices in using talents and abilities

- Read case studies on ethical and unethical practices related to the use of talents and abilities
- Analyze the case studies and identify unethical practices described
- Discuss the ethical practices demonstrated in the case studies
- Discuss other ethical and unethical practices related to the use of talents and abilities

Which ethical issues influence the use of talents and abilities?

- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book Grade 9 pg. 30
- Case studies
- Digital resources

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments - Group discussions

Foundations of Pre-Technical Studies

Self-Exploration and Career Development - Careers based on talents and abilities for self-development

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify careers based on talents and abilities
- Choose a career based on personal talents and abilities
- Value the importance of selecting careers based on talents and abilities

- Read about Grade 9 learners' career choices based on their talents and abilities
- Discuss the career choices made by learners based on their talents and abilities
- Discuss steps to follow when choosing a career
- Choose a career based on personal talent and ability
- Justify career choices

How can you choose a career path that matches your skills and interests?

- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book Grade 9 pg. 32
- Career choice steps chart
- Digital resources

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments - Peer assessment

Foundations of Pre-Technical Studies

Computer Software - Categories of computer software

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain the meaning of computer software
- Identify different computer software used in the workplace
- Show interest in learning about computer software

- Brainstorm on the meaning of computer software
- Use available resources to search for different computer software
- Present findings to the class
- Discuss categories of computer software (system software, application software)

What is computer software?

- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book Grade 9 pg. 6
- Digital devices
- Charts showing different software
- Digital resources

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments - Group presentations

Foundations of Pre-Technical Studies

Computer Software - Categories of computer software

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify categories of computer software
- Classify different software into their appropriate categories
- Appreciate the role of different categories of software

- Discuss the categories of computer software (system software, application software)
- Use digital resources to explore examples of system software and application software
- Create a chart showing the categories of computer software and examples
- Present the chart to the class

How are computer software categorized?

- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book Grade 9 pg. 6
- Digital devices
- Chart making materials
- Digital resources

- Observation - Oral questions - Chart assessment - Peer assessment

Foundations of Pre-Technical Studies

Computer Software - Functions of different application software

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify different application software used in the workplace
- Explain the functions of word processing software
- Show interest in learning about application software

- Brainstorm on the functions of different application software
- Discuss the functions of word processing software
- Demonstrate the use of word processing software
- Explore features of word processing software

What are the functions of word processing software?

- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book Grade 9 pg. 6
- Digital devices with word processing software
- Charts showing functions of word processing software
- Digital resources

- Observation - Oral questions - Practical assessment - Group discussions

Foundations of Pre-Technical Studies

Computer Software - Functions of different application software

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain the functions of presentation software
- Use presentation software to create slides
- Value the importance of presentation software in the workplace

- Discuss the functions of presentation software
- Demonstrate the use of presentation software
- Create simple presentations using presentation software
- Present the created slides to the class

What are the functions of presentation software?

- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book Grade 9 pg. 6
- Digital devices with presentation software
- Charts showing functions of presentation software
- Digital resources

- Observation - Oral questions - Practical assessment - Presentation assessment

Foundations of Pre-Technical Studies

Computer Software - Functions of different application software

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain the functions of spreadsheet software
- Use spreadsheet software to perform calculations
- Appreciate the importance of spreadsheet software in data management

- Discuss the functions of spreadsheet software
- Demonstrate the use of spreadsheet software
- Create simple spreadsheets and perform basic calculations
- Share findings with the class

What are the functions of spreadsheet software?

- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book Grade 9 pg. 6
- Digital devices with spreadsheet software
- Charts showing functions of spreadsheet software
- Digital resources

- Observation - Oral questions - Practical assessment - Peer assessment

Foundations of Pre-Technical Studies

Computer Software - Functions of different application software

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain the functions of database software
- Create simple databases using database software
- Show interest in learning about database management

- Discuss the functions of database software
- Demonstrate the use of database software
- Create simple databases
- Perform basic database queries
- Share findings with the class

What are the functions of database software?

- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book Grade 9 pg. 6
- Digital devices with database software
- Charts showing functions of database software
- Digital resources

- Observation - Oral questions - Practical assessment - Written assignments

Foundations of Pre-Technical Studies

Computer Software - Functions of different application software

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain the functions of database software
- Create simple databases using database software
- Show interest in learning about database management

- Discuss the functions of database software
- Demonstrate the use of database software
- Create simple databases
- Perform basic database queries
- Share findings with the class

What are the functions of database software?

- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book Grade 9 pg. 6
- Digital devices with database software
- Charts showing functions of database software
- Digital resources

- Observation - Oral questions - Practical assessment - Written assignments

Foundations of Pre-Technical Studies

Computer Software - Functions of different application software

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain the functions of desktop publishing software
- Create publications using desktop publishing software
- Value the importance of desktop publishing in the workplace

- Discuss the functions of desktop publishing software
- Demonstrate the use of desktop publishing software
- Create simple publications using desktop publishing software
- Present the created publications to the class

What are the functions of desktop publishing software?

- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book Grade 9 pg. 6
- Digital devices with desktop publishing software
- Sample publications
- Digital resources

- Observation - Oral questions - Practical assessment - Presentation assessment

Foundations of Pre-Technical Studies

Computer Software - Functions of different application software

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain the functions of information management systems
- Demonstrate basic operations with information management systems
- Appreciate the role of information management systems in organizations

- Discuss the functions of information management systems
- Explore examples of information management systems
- Discuss how information management systems are used in various workplaces
- Share findings with the class

How are information management systems used in the workplace?

- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book Grade 9 pg. 6
- Digital devices
- Charts showing information management systems
- Digital resources

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments - Group presentations

Foundations of Pre-Technical Studies

Computer Software - Using computer software to perform tasks

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Use word processing software to perform tasks
- Apply appropriate features of word processing software
- Value the importance of word processing software in day-to-day life

- Perform tasks using word processing software (creating documents, formatting text, inserting images)
- Practice creating and editing documents
- Save and retrieve documents
- Print documents where possible

How is word processing software used in day-to-day life?

- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book Grade 9 pg. 7
- Digital devices with word processing software
- Printers (where available)
- Digital resources

- Observation - Practical assessment - Project work - Portfolio assessment

Foundations of Pre-Technical Studies

Computer Software - Using computer software to perform tasks

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Use presentation software to perform tasks
- Apply appropriate features of presentation software
- Appreciate the importance of presentation software in day-to-day life

- Perform tasks using presentation software (creating slides, adding animations, inserting images)
- Practice creating presentations
- Present the created slides to the class
- Give and receive feedback on presentations

How is presentation software used in day-to-day life?

- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book Grade 9 pg. 7
- Digital devices with presentation software
- Projector (where available)
- Digital resources

- Observation - Practical assessment - Presentation assessment - Peer assessment

Foundations of Pre-Technical Studies

Computer Software - Using computer software to perform tasks

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Use spreadsheet software to perform tasks
- Apply appropriate features of spreadsheet software
- Show interest in using spreadsheet software for data management

- Perform tasks using spreadsheet software (creating worksheets, entering data, performing calculations, creating charts)
- Practice creating spreadsheets
- Analyze data using spreadsheets
- Share findings with the class

How is spreadsheet software used in day-to-day life?

- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book Grade 9 pg. 7
- Digital devices with spreadsheet software
- Sample data for analysis
- Digital resources

- Observation - Practical assessment - Project work - Portfolio assessment

Foundations of Pre-Technical Studies

Computer Software - Using computer software to perform tasks

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Use desktop publishing software to perform tasks
- Apply appropriate features of desktop publishing software
- Appreciate the importance of desktop publishing in day-to-day life

- Perform tasks using desktop publishing software (creating newsletters, brochures, posters)
- Practice creating publications
- Display the created publications
- Give and receive feedback on publications

How is desktop publishing software used in day-to-day life?

- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book Grade 9 pg. 7
- Digital devices with desktop publishing software
- Sample publications
- Digital resources

- Observation - Practical assessment - Project work - Peer assessment

Communication

Visual Programming - Application areas of visual programming software

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain the meaning of visual programming
- Identify various application areas of visual programming
- Show interest in learning about visual programming

- Study pictures of mobile applications and discuss how they are used
- Discuss what visual programming is
- Use digital or print resources to search for information on application areas of visual programming
- Share findings with the class

What is visual programming?

- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book Grade 9 pg. 50
- Digital resources
- Pictures of applications
- Reference materials

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments - Group presentations

Communication

Visual Programming - Application areas of visual programming software

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain mobile programming as an application area of visual programming
- Identify different mobile applications and their uses
- Appreciate the role of mobile applications in day-to-day life

- Study digital devices showing different mobile applications
- Identify and name mobile applications shown
- Describe how one can use the applications to perform tasks
- Mention other mobile applications and what they are used for
- Discuss what mobile programming is

How are mobile applications used to perform tasks?

- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book Grade 9 pg. 51
- Digital devices with mobile applications
- Charts showing mobile applications
- Digital resources

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments - Group discussions

Communication

Visual Programming - Application areas of visual programming software

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain web development as an application area of visual programming
- Identify different websites and their uses
- Show interest in web development

- Study websites displayed in a browser
- Discuss what a website is
- Explain what WWW stands for
- Mention websites they have visited
- Discuss what web development is
- Share discussions with the class

What is web development?

- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book Grade 9 pg. 52
- Digital devices with internet access
- Various websites
- Digital resources

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments - Group discussions

Communication

Visual Programming - Application areas of visual programming software

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain other application areas of visual programming (game development, educational tools, robotics)
- Identify examples of applications in each area
- Appreciate the diverse applications of visual programming

- Discuss game development as an application area of visual programming
- Explore educational tools created using visual programming
- Discuss robotics and animation as application areas of visual programming
- Share findings with the class

What are the various application areas of visual programming?

- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book Grade 9 pg. 52
- Digital resources
- Sample applications from different areas
- Reference materials

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments - Group presentations

Communication

Visual Programming - Creating applications using visual programming software

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Recall various visual programming software
- Download and install visual programming software
- Show interest in creating applications using visual programming

- Recall various visual programming software learned in previous grades
- Follow steps to download and install Scratch on a computer
- Explore the option of installing Scratch on smartphones and tablets
- Share experiences with the class

How is visual programming software installed?

- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book Grade 9 pg. 53
- Digital devices with internet access
- Installation guidelines
- Digital resources

- Observation - Practical assessment - Peer assessment - Group discussions

Communication

Visual Programming - Creating applications using visual programming software

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Recall various visual programming software
- Download and install visual programming software
- Show interest in creating applications using visual programming

- Recall various visual programming software learned in previous grades
- Follow steps to download and install Scratch on a computer
- Explore the option of installing Scratch on smartphones and tablets
- Share experiences with the class

How is visual programming software installed?

- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book Grade 9 pg. 53
- Digital devices with internet access
- Installation guidelines
- Digital resources

- Observation - Practical assessment - Peer assessment - Group discussions

Communication

Visual Programming - Creating applications using visual programming software

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify features of the Scratch programming interface
- Navigate the Scratch programming environment
- Show commitment to learning visual programming

- Open the Scratch program interface
- Explore the different categories and commands in Scratch
- Test commands to see their effect on the sprite
- Change parameters in commands and observe the results
- Share findings with the class

What are the features of the Scratch programming interface?

- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book Grade 9 pg. 53
- Digital devices with Scratch installed
- Scratch interface guide
- Digital resources

- Observation - Practical assessment - Oral questions - Group discussions

Communication

Visual Programming - Creating applications using visual programming software

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Plan a simple game using visual programming
- Create a clicker game using Scratch
- Value the importance of planning before programming

- Create and play a fun game called "Clicker Game" using balloons in real life
- Follow steps to create a digital version of the clicker game using Scratch
- Choose a backdrop and sprite for the game
- Create a script to keep score and make the balloon move and change color
- Test and play the game
- Share the game with classmates

How are games created using visual programming?

- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book Grade 9 pg. 54
- Digital devices with Scratch installed
- Balloons and strings (for physical game)
- Digital resources

- Observation - Practical assessment - Project assessment - Peer assessment

Communication

Visual Programming - Creating applications using visual programming software

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Plan an interactive story using visual programming
- Create an interactive story using Scratch
- Appreciate the use of visual programming in storytelling

- Watch videos on how to develop a story using Scratch programming
- Follow steps to create an interactive story using Scratch
- Choose backdrop and characters for the story
- Create scripts for dialogue and character movements
- Test and run the story
- Share the story with classmates

How are interactive stories created using visual programming?

- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book Grade 9 pg. 58
- Digital devices with Scratch installed
- Video tutorials
- Digital resources

- Observation - Practical assessment - Project assessment - Peer assessment

Communication

Visual Programming - Creating applications using visual programming software

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Plan a music application using visual programming
- Create a music application using Scratch
- Show interest in creating music applications

- Follow steps to create music using Scratch
- Choose appropriate sprites for musical instruments
- Create scripts to play sounds and music
- Combine different sounds to create a song
- Test and play the music
- Share the music with classmates

How is music created using visual programming?

- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book Grade 9 pg. 61
- Digital devices with Scratch installed
- Audio equipment for playback
- Digital resources

- Observation - Practical assessment - Project assessment - Peer assessment

Communication

Visual Programming - Creating applications using visual programming software

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Plan an interactive story with sound using visual programming
- Create an interactive story with sound using Scratch
- Value the integration of sound in storytelling

- Develop a story to tell classmates
- Open Scratch program and choose appropriate backdrop and characters
- Create scripts to tell the story
- Add sound effects and background music to enhance the story
- Test and run the story
- Share the story with classmates

How can sound be integrated into interactive stories?

- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book Grade 9 pg. 63
- Digital devices with Scratch installed
- Audio equipment for playback
- Digital resources

- Observation - Practical assessment - Project assessment - Peer assessment

Communication

Visual Programming - Creating applications using visual programming software

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Plan an animation using visual programming
- Create an animation using Scratch
- Show commitment to creating animations using visual programming

- Follow steps to develop animations using Scratch
- Choose appropriate backdrop and characters for animation
- Create scripts to animate characters
- Add movement and effects to create a seamless animation
- Test and run the animation
- Share the animation with classmates

How are animations created using visual programming?

- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book Grade 9 pg. 64
- Digital devices with Scratch installed
- Sample animations
- Digital resources

- Observation - Practical assessment - Project assessment - Peer assessment

Communication

Visual Programming - Creating applications using visual programming software

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Create individual animations using visual programming
- Apply animation principles in visual programming
- Appreciate the creativity involved in animation development

- Use Scratch to create and play individual animations
- Create a storyline for the animation
- Choose appropriate sprites and backdrops
- Create scripts to animate the characters
- Test and run the animation
- Share the animation with the teacher and class

What principles guide animation development?

- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book Grade 9 pg. 65
- Digital devices with Scratch installed
- Animation principles guide
- Digital resources

- Observation - Practical assessment - Project assessment - Portfolio assessment

Communication

Visual Programming - Creating applications using visual programming software

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Follow tutorials to create animations
- Develop more complex animations using Scratch
- Show interest in advanced animation techniques

- Open the Scratch program and click the Tutorials button
- Select an animation project to create
- Follow the step-by-step guide to develop the animation
- Test and run the animation
- Share the animation with classmates

How can tutorials enhance animation development skills?

- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book Grade 9 pg. 66
- Digital devices with Scratch installed
- Scratch tutorials
- Digital resources

- Observation - Practical assessment - Project assessment - Peer assessment

Communication

Visual Programming - Embracing the use of visual programming in day-to-day life

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify problems that can be solved using visual programming
- Explain how visual programming helps in solving problems
- Appreciate the role of visual programming in solving day-to-day problems

- Read a scenario about a learner who used visual programming to solve a Mathematics problem
- Discuss how visual programming helped the learner
- Explore how visual programming can help in solving problems in day-to-day life
- Share findings with the class

How can visual programming help us solve problems in day-to-day life?

- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book Grade 9 pg. 66
- Digital devices with Scratch installed
- Problem scenarios
- Digital resources

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments - Group discussions

Materials for Production

Wood - Classification of wood according to physical characteristics

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify types of wood available in the environment
- Classify wood according to physical characteristics
- Appreciate the variety of wood types in the local environment

- Use print or digital resources to search for information on types of wood available
- Observe and identify trees in the environment
- Sort wood as either softwood or hardwood using a checklist

Which kind of trees do you have in your community?

- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book pg. 69
- Assorted pieces of wood
- Digital devices
- Charts showing wood types

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Materials for Production

Wood - Classification of wood according to physical characteristics
Wood - Preparation of wood for use in the production of items

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Compare the physical properties of hardwood and softwood
- Identify examples of hardwood and softwood
- Show interest in wood varieties and their properties

- Take a walk around the school compound or community to identify trees
- Observe the physical characteristics of each tree
- Group wood types based on their characteristics
- Create a comparison chart of hardwood and softwood properties

What are the physical differences between hardwood and softwood?

- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book pg. 70
- Assorted pieces of wood
- Sample trees in the environment
- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book pg. 72
- Digital devices
- Reference materials
- Charts showing conversion methods

- Observation - Checklist - Portfolio assessment

Materials for Production

Wood - Preparation of wood for use in the production of items
Wood - Types of wood and their uses in the community

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain the process of wood seasoning
- Describe methods of wood seasoning
- Appreciate the importance of proper wood seasoning

- Observe and discuss images showing different ways of preparing wood using the seasoning method
- Use print or digital resources to find information about natural and artificial seasoning
- Discuss how reducing moisture from wood helps improve it for use

How does seasoning improve wood quality?

- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book pg. 74
- Pictures showing wood seasoning methods
- Digital resources
- Charts
- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book pg. 75
- Pictures of wooden items
- Charts
- Digital resources

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Materials for Production

Wood - Types of wood and their uses in the community
Wood - Importance of wood in day-to-day life

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Describe uses of wood in various trades
- Explain applications of different wood types in trades
- Value the versatility of wood in various trades

- Use available print reference materials and digital resources to find out how wood is used in different trades
- Visit various places in the community to observe how wood is used
- Create charts showing uses of wood in various trades

How is wood utilized in different trades?

- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book pg. 77
- Reference materials
- Digital resources
- Community resources
- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book pg. 79
- Charts
- Local wood products
- Digital resources

- Observation - Community visit reports - Charts assessment

Materials for Production

Wood - Importance of wood in day-to-day life
Waste Materials - Waste materials found in the environment

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Discuss environmental aspects of wood use
- Solve a crossword puzzle on wood concepts
- Show responsibility towards sustainable wood use

- Discuss the importance of wood conservation
- Complete a crossword puzzle on wood concepts
- Reflect on learning about wood through self-assessment

How can we ensure sustainable use of wood resources?

- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book pg. 81
- Crossword puzzles
- Self-reflection forms
- Digital resources
- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book pg. 93
- School environment
- Digital resources
- Charts

- Crossword puzzle - Self-assessment - Written tests

Materials for Production

Waste Materials - Waste materials found in the environment

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Categorize different types of waste materials
- Identify areas where specific waste materials are found
- Appreciate the need to understand waste materials

- Study pictures of waste materials in the environment
- Identify waste materials shown in each picture
- Mention areas where specific waste materials are likely to be found
- Discuss different types of waste materials

How can we categorize waste materials found in our environment?

- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book pg. 94
- Pictures of waste materials
- Digital resources
- Charts

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Materials for Production

Waste Materials - Ways of handling waste materials safely in the environment

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain safe ways of handling waste materials
- Describe different approaches to waste management
- Value safe waste handling practices

- Use print reference materials or digital devices to search for information on safe ways of handling and disposing waste materials
- Write short notes on findings
- Present findings in class

What are the safe ways of handling different types of waste materials?

- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book pg. 95
- Reference materials
- Digital devices
- Charts

- Note-taking - Oral presentation - Written assignments

Materials for Production

Waste Materials - Ways of handling waste materials safely in the environment

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain safe ways of handling waste materials
- Describe different approaches to waste management
- Value safe waste handling practices

- Use print reference materials or digital devices to search for information on safe ways of handling and disposing waste materials
- Write short notes on findings
- Present findings in class

What are the safe ways of handling different types of waste materials?

- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book pg. 95
- Reference materials
- Digital devices
- Charts

- Note-taking - Oral presentation - Written assignments

Materials for Production

Waste Materials - Ways of handling waste materials safely in the environment

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify ways to safely handle waste materials
- Describe methods of waste handling shown in pictures
- Show responsibility towards safe waste handling

- Study pictures showing ways of handling waste materials
- Describe how different waste materials are handled in each picture
- Discuss other ways in which waste can be safely handled

How can different types of waste materials be safely handled?

- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book pg. 96
- Pictures of waste handling methods
- Digital resources
- Charts

- Observation - Oral questions - Discussion assessment

Materials for Production

Waste Materials - Disposing waste materials using appropriate methods

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify appropriate waste disposal methods
- Demonstrate proper waste disposal techniques
- Show responsibility in waste disposal

- Collect waste materials around the school compound
- Sort waste materials by type
- Place waste in appropriate garbage containers
- Practice proper waste disposal as guided by the teacher

How should different types of waste be disposed of?

- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book pg. 97
- Personal protective equipment
- Garbage bags or containers
- Dustbins

- Observation - Practical assessment - Peer assessment

Materials for Production

Waste Materials - The need for proper handling of waste materials in the environment

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain the importance of proper waste handling
- Describe the impact of waste on the environment
- Value the importance of proper waste management

- Take a walk in the locality to observe how businesses handle waste
- Find out from local people why proper waste handling is important
- Write findings in exercise books
- Present findings in class

Why is proper waste handling important for our environment?

- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book pg. 98
- Local community resources
- Digital resources
- Charts

- Field notes - Oral presentation - Written assignments

Materials for Production

Waste Materials - The need for proper handling of waste materials in the environment

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- List types of waste materials in the environment
- Suggest ways of handling different waste types
- Show responsibility towards waste management

- Discuss the importance of proper waste handling and disposal
- List types of waste materials found in the environment
- Suggest ways of safely handling each waste type
- Role play scenarios of waste management

How does proper waste management benefit the community?

- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book pg. 99
- Charts
- Digital resources
- Pictures showing proper waste handling

- Oral questions - Written assignments - Role play assessment

Materials for Production

Waste Materials - The need for proper handling of waste materials in the environment

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Solve problems related to waste management
- Complete a self-reflection on waste management
- Show responsibility towards environmental conservation

- Work on problem-solving exercises related to waste management
- Complete a self-reflection form on waste materials learning
- Discuss environmental conservation strategies

How can we apply what we've learned about waste management in our daily lives?

- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book pg. 100
- Self-reflection forms
- Problem-solving exercises
- Digital resources

- Problem-solving questions - Self-assessment - Written tests