Communication

Visual Programming - Application areas of visual programming software

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain the meaning of visual programming
- Identify various application areas of visual programming
- Show interest in learning about visual programming

- Explain mobile programming as an application area of visual programming
- Identify different mobile applications and their uses
- Appreciate the role of mobile applications in day-to-day life

- Study pictures of mobile applications and discuss how they are used
- Discuss what visual programming is
- Use digital or print resources to search for information on application areas of visual programming
- Share findings with the class
- Study digital devices showing different mobile applications
- Identify and name mobile applications shown
- Describe how one can use the applications to perform tasks
- Mention other mobile applications and what they are used for
- Discuss what mobile programming is

What is visual programming?
How are mobile applications used to perform tasks?

- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book Grade 9 pg. 50
- Digital resources
- Pictures of applications
- Reference materials
- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book Grade 9 pg. 51
- Digital devices with mobile applications
- Charts showing mobile applications
- Digital resources
- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book Grade 9 pg. 52
- Digital devices with internet access
- Various websites

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments - Group presentations
- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments - Group discussions

Communication

Visual Programming - Application areas of visual programming software

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain other application areas of visual programming (game development, educational tools, robotics)
- Identify examples of applications in each area
- Appreciate the diverse applications of visual programming

- Discuss game development as an application area of visual programming
- Explore educational tools created using visual programming
- Discuss robotics and animation as application areas of visual programming
- Share findings with the class

What are the various application areas of visual programming?

- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book Grade 9 pg. 52
- Digital resources
- Sample applications from different areas
- Reference materials

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments - Group presentations

Communication

Visual Programming - Creating applications using visual programming software

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Recall various visual programming software
- Download and install visual programming software
- Show interest in creating applications using visual programming

- Recall various visual programming software learned in previous grades
- Follow steps to download and install Scratch on a computer
- Explore the option of installing Scratch on smartphones and tablets
- Share experiences with the class

How is visual programming software installed?

- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book Grade 9 pg. 53
- Digital devices with internet access
- Installation guidelines
- Digital resources

- Observation - Practical assessment - Peer assessment - Group discussions

Communication

Visual Programming - Creating applications using visual programming software

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify features of the Scratch programming interface
- Navigate the Scratch programming environment
- Show commitment to learning visual programming

- Plan an interactive story using visual programming
- Create an interactive story using Scratch
- Appreciate the use of visual programming in storytelling

- Open the Scratch program interface
- Explore the different categories and commands in Scratch
- Test commands to see their effect on the sprite
- Change parameters in commands and observe the results
- Share findings with the class
- Watch videos on how to develop a story using Scratch programming
- Follow steps to create an interactive story using Scratch
- Choose backdrop and characters for the story
- Create scripts for dialogue and character movements
- Test and run the story
- Share the story with classmates

What are the features of the Scratch programming interface?
How are interactive stories created using visual programming?

- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book Grade 9 pg. 53
- Digital devices with Scratch installed
- Scratch interface guide
- Digital resources
- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book Grade 9 pg. 54
- Balloons and strings (for physical game)
- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book Grade 9 pg. 58
- Digital devices with Scratch installed
- Video tutorials
- Digital resources

- Observation - Practical assessment - Oral questions - Group discussions
- Observation - Practical assessment - Project assessment - Peer assessment

Communication

Visual Programming - Creating applications using visual programming software

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Plan a music application using visual programming
- Create a music application using Scratch
- Show interest in creating music applications

- Follow steps to create music using Scratch
- Choose appropriate sprites for musical instruments
- Create scripts to play sounds and music
- Combine different sounds to create a song
- Test and play the music
- Share the music with classmates

How is music created using visual programming?

- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book Grade 9 pg. 61
- Digital devices with Scratch installed
- Audio equipment for playback
- Digital resources

- Observation - Practical assessment - Project assessment - Peer assessment

Communication

Visual Programming - Creating applications using visual programming software

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Plan an interactive story with sound using visual programming
- Create an interactive story with sound using Scratch
- Value the integration of sound in storytelling

- Develop a story to tell classmates
- Open Scratch program and choose appropriate backdrop and characters
- Create scripts to tell the story
- Add sound effects and background music to enhance the story
- Test and run the story
- Share the story with classmates

How can sound be integrated into interactive stories?

- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book Grade 9 pg. 63
- Digital devices with Scratch installed
- Audio equipment for playback
- Digital resources

- Observation - Practical assessment - Project assessment - Peer assessment

Communication

Visual Programming - Creating applications using visual programming software

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Plan an animation using visual programming
- Create an animation using Scratch
- Show commitment to creating animations using visual programming

- Follow tutorials to create animations
- Develop more complex animations using Scratch
- Show interest in advanced animation techniques

- Follow steps to develop animations using Scratch
- Choose appropriate backdrop and characters for animation
- Create scripts to animate characters
- Add movement and effects to create a seamless animation
- Test and run the animation
- Share the animation with classmates
- Open the Scratch program and click the Tutorials button
- Select an animation project to create
- Follow the step-by-step guide to develop the animation
- Test and run the animation
- Share the animation with classmates

How are animations created using visual programming?
How can tutorials enhance animation development skills?

- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book Grade 9 pg. 64
- Digital devices with Scratch installed
- Sample animations
- Digital resources
- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book Grade 9 pg. 65
- Animation principles guide
- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book Grade 9 pg. 66
- Digital devices with Scratch installed
- Scratch tutorials
- Digital resources

- Observation - Practical assessment - Project assessment - Peer assessment

Communication
Materials for Production

Visual Programming - Embracing the use of visual programming in day-to-day life
Wood - Classification of wood according to physical characteristics

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify problems that can be solved using visual programming
- Explain how visual programming helps in solving problems
- Appreciate the role of visual programming in solving day-to-day problems

- Read a scenario about a learner who used visual programming to solve a Mathematics problem
- Discuss how visual programming helped the learner
- Explore how visual programming can help in solving problems in day-to-day life
- Share findings with the class

How can visual programming help us solve problems in day-to-day life?

- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book Grade 9 pg. 66
- Digital devices with Scratch installed
- Problem scenarios
- Digital resources
- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book pg. 69
- Assorted pieces of wood
- Digital devices
- Charts showing wood types

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments - Group discussions

Materials for Production

Wood - Classification of wood according to physical characteristics
Wood - Preparation of wood for use in the production of items

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Compare the physical properties of hardwood and softwood
- Identify examples of hardwood and softwood
- Show interest in wood varieties and their properties

- Take a walk around the school compound or community to identify trees
- Observe the physical characteristics of each tree
- Group wood types based on their characteristics
- Create a comparison chart of hardwood and softwood properties

What are the physical differences between hardwood and softwood?

- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book pg. 70
- Assorted pieces of wood
- Sample trees in the environment
- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book pg. 72
- Digital devices
- Reference materials
- Charts showing conversion methods

- Observation - Checklist - Portfolio assessment

Materials for Production

Wood - Preparation of wood for use in the production of items
Wood - Types of wood and their uses in the community
Wood - Types of wood and their uses in the community
Wood - Importance of wood in day-to-day life

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain the process of wood seasoning
- Describe methods of wood seasoning
- Appreciate the importance of proper wood seasoning

- Identify wooden items in the environment
- Explain the importance of wood in day-to-day life
- Appreciate the value of wood as a resource

- Observe and discuss images showing different ways of preparing wood using the seasoning method
- Use print or digital resources to find information about natural and artificial seasoning
- Discuss how reducing moisture from wood helps improve it for use
- Name wooden items found in the environment
- Mention places in the community that trade in wood products
- Discuss how wood is used in daily activities
- Explain the importance of wood in day-to-day life

How does seasoning improve wood quality?
Why is wood an important resource in our daily lives?

- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book pg. 74
- Pictures showing wood seasoning methods
- Digital resources
- Charts
- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book pg. 75
- Pictures of wooden items
- Charts
- Digital resources
- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book pg. 77
- Reference materials
- Community resources
- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book pg. 79
- Charts
- Local wood products
- Digital resources
- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book pg. 81
- Crossword puzzles
- Self-reflection forms

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Materials for Production

Waste Materials - Waste materials found in the environment

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify waste materials in the environment
- Explain the sources of waste materials
- Show concern for waste management

- Discuss what waste materials are
- Walk around the school compound to identify waste materials
- Write a list of waste materials seen in the environment
- Share findings in class

What types of waste materials are found in our environment?

- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book pg. 93
- School environment
- Digital resources
- Charts
- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book pg. 94
- Pictures of waste materials

- Observation - Field notes - Oral presentation

Materials for Production

Waste Materials - Ways of handling waste materials safely in the environment

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain safe ways of handling waste materials
- Describe different approaches to waste management
- Value safe waste handling practices

- Use print reference materials or digital devices to search for information on safe ways of handling and disposing waste materials
- Write short notes on findings
- Present findings in class

What are the safe ways of handling different types of waste materials?

- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book pg. 95
- Reference materials
- Digital devices
- Charts

- Note-taking - Oral presentation - Written assignments

Materials for Production

Waste Materials - Ways of handling waste materials safely in the environment
Waste Materials - Disposing waste materials using appropriate methods
Waste Materials - The need for proper handling of waste materials in the environment

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify ways to safely handle waste materials
- Describe methods of waste handling shown in pictures
- Show responsibility towards safe waste handling

- Identify appropriate waste disposal methods
- Demonstrate proper waste disposal techniques
- Show responsibility in waste disposal

- Study pictures showing ways of handling waste materials
- Describe how different waste materials are handled in each picture
- Discuss other ways in which waste can be safely handled
- Collect waste materials around the school compound
- Sort waste materials by type
- Place waste in appropriate garbage containers
- Practice proper waste disposal as guided by the teacher

How can different types of waste materials be safely handled?
How should different types of waste be disposed of?

- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book pg. 96
- Pictures of waste handling methods
- Digital resources
- Charts
- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book pg. 97
- Personal protective equipment
- Garbage bags or containers
- Dustbins
- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book pg. 98
- Local community resources
- Digital resources
- Charts

- Observation - Oral questions - Discussion assessment
- Observation - Practical assessment - Peer assessment

Materials for Production

Waste Materials - The need for proper handling of waste materials in the environment

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- List types of waste materials in the environment
- Suggest ways of handling different waste types
- Show responsibility towards waste management

- Discuss the importance of proper waste handling and disposal
- List types of waste materials found in the environment
- Suggest ways of safely handling each waste type
- Role play scenarios of waste management

How does proper waste management benefit the community?

- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book pg. 99
- Charts
- Digital resources
- Pictures showing proper waste handling

- Oral questions - Written assignments - Role play assessment

Materials for Production
Tools and Production

Waste Materials - The need for proper handling of waste materials in the environment
Holding Tools - Holding tools used in day-to-day life

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Solve problems related to waste management
- Complete a self-reflection on waste management
- Show responsibility towards environmental conservation

- Work on problem-solving exercises related to waste management
- Complete a self-reflection form on waste materials learning
- Discuss environmental conservation strategies

How can we apply what we've learned about waste management in our daily lives?

- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book pg. 100
- Self-reflection forms
- Problem-solving exercises
- Digital resources
- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book pg. 113
- Visual aids
- Real holding tools
- Pictures of holding tools

- Problem-solving questions - Self-assessment - Written tests

Tools and Production

Holding Tools - Selecting holding tools for performing given tasks
Holding Tools - Uses of holding tools
Holding Tools - Uses of holding tools
Holding Tools - Caring for holding tools used in day-to-day life
Holding Tools - Importance of holding tools in day-to-day life

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Select appropriate holding tools for specific tasks
- Explain reasons for selecting specific holding tools
- Show interest in proper tool selection

- Demonstrate safe use of holding tools
- Follow safety guidelines when using holding tools
- Value safety when using holding tools

- Study tasks requiring holding tools
- Select the most appropriate holding tool for each task
- Give reasons for selecting specific tools
- Discuss factors to consider when selecting holding tools
- Search for information on safe use of holding tools
- Demonstrate how to safely use holding tools
- Practice using holding tools while following safety guidelines
- Observe safety rules during demonstrations

How do you decide which holding tool to use for a specific task?
What safety measures should be observed when using holding tools?

- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book pg. 115
- Task scenarios
- Holding tools
- Digital resources
- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book pg. 116
- Pictures of holding tools in use
- Digital resources
- Video links
- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book pg. 117
- Holding tools
- Safety equipment
- Digital resources
- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book pg. 119
- Pictures of tool maintenance
- Cleaning materials
- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book pg. 120
- Pictures of workers using holding tools
- Digital resources
- Community resources

- Observation - Oral questions - Tool selection assessment
- Observation - Demonstration - Practical assessment

Tools and Production

Holding Tools - Importance of holding tools in day-to-day life
Driving Tools - Driving tools used in day-to-day life
Driving Tools - Selecting driving tools for performing given tasks
Driving Tools - Uses of driving tools

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Solve problems related to holding tools
- Complete a self-reflection on holding tools
- Show appreciation for the role of holding tools

- Select appropriate driving tools for specific tasks
- Explain reasons for selecting specific driving tools
- Appreciate the importance of proper tool selection

- Find words related to holding tools in a word search puzzle
- Solve problems related to selection and use of holding tools
- Complete a self-reflection form on holding tools learning
- Study tasks requiring driving tools
- Select the most appropriate driving tool for each task
- Give reasons for the choice of tool
- Discuss factors to consider when selecting driving tools

How can we apply what we've learned about holding tools in our daily lives?
How do you determine which driving tool is appropriate for a specific task?

- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book pg. 121
- Word search puzzles
- Problem-solving exercises
- Self-reflection forms
- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book pg. 124
- Pictures of driving tools
- Real driving tools
- Digital resources
- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book pg. 125
- Task scenarios
- Driving tools
- Digital resources
- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book pg. 127
- Pictures of driving tools in use
- Digital resources
- Video links

- Word search - Problem-solving assessment - Self-reflection
- Observation - Oral questions - Tool selection assessment

Tools and Production

Driving Tools - Uses of driving tools

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Demonstrate safe use of driving tools
- Follow safety guidelines when using driving tools
- Show responsibility in using driving tools safely

- Search for information on safe use of driving tools
- Create a skit demonstrating safe use of driving tools
- Practice using driving tools while following safety guidelines
- Observe safety rules during demonstrations

What safety measures should be observed when using driving tools?

- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book pg. 128
- Driving tools
- Safety equipment
- Digital resources

- Observation - Demonstration - Practical assessment

Tools and Production

Driving Tools - Caring for driving tools used in day-to-day life

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain how to care for driving tools
- Identify well-maintained vs. poorly maintained tools
- Value the importance of proper tool maintenance

- Study pictures showing care for driving tools
- Identify pictures showing tools that have been cared for
- Discuss how the driving tools have been cared for
- Explain the importance of tool care and maintenance

Why is it important to care for and maintain driving tools?

- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book pg. 130
- Pictures of tool maintenance
- Driving tools
- Cleaning materials

- Observation - Oral questions - Picture analysis

Tools and Production

Driving Tools - Importance of driving tools in day-to-day life
Distribution of Goods and Services - Role of intermediaries

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain the importance of driving tools
- Identify tasks that require driving tools
- Appreciate the role of driving tools in daily life

- Explain the meaning of channels of distribution
- Describe the role of intermediaries
- Appreciate the importance of distribution channels

- Mention tasks that can be performed using driving tools
- Discuss the importance of driving tools in day-to-day life
- Explain how driving tools make work easier
- Describe safety benefits of proper tool use
- Discuss and present the meaning of channels of distribution
- Explain the role of intermediaries in distribution
- Search for information on intermediaries in distribution
- Present findings to the class

How do driving tools improve productivity and safety?
Why are intermediaries important in the distribution of goods and services?

- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book pg. 131
- Pictures of tasks using driving tools
- Digital resources
- Community resources
- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book pg. 132
- Crossword puzzles
- Problem-solving exercises
- Self-reflection forms
- Digital resources
- Reference books
- Charts showing distribution channels

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments
- Observation - Oral presentation - Written assignments

Tools and Production

Distribution of Goods and Services - Role of intermediaries

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify different types of intermediaries
- Explain functions of various intermediaries
- Value the contribution of intermediaries in distribution

- Discuss different types of intermediaries
- Explain the functions of each type of intermediary
- Create a chart showing intermediaries and their functions
- Present findings to the class

How do different intermediaries serve in the distribution process?

- Digital resources
- Reference books
- Charts
- Pictures of intermediaries

- Observation - Oral presentation - Chart assessment

Tools and Production

Distribution of Goods and Services - Channels for distributing goods and services

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify channels for distributing goods
- Illustrate distribution channels
- Show interest in distribution channels

- Search and watch video clips on distribution channels
- Discuss different distribution channels
- Prepare a chart showing channels for distribution
- Present findings to the class

What are the different channels used for distributing goods and services?

- Digital resources
- Video clips
- Charts
- Reference books

- Observation - Chart assessment - Oral presentation

Tools and Production

Distribution of Goods and Services - Channels for distributing goods and services
Distribution of Goods and Services - Ethical and unethical practices

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Compare different distribution channels
- Analyze factors affecting channel choice
- Appreciate the importance of selecting appropriate channels

- Analyze the impact of unethical practices
- Suggest ways to promote ethical practices
- Show commitment to ethical business conduct

- Analyze case studies on different distribution channels
- Compare advantages and disadvantages of each channel
- Discuss factors affecting choice of distribution channel
- Present findings to the class
- Analyze case studies on unethical distribution practices
- Discuss the impact of unethical practices on consumers
- Suggest ways to promote ethical practices
- Role play ethical and unethical scenarios

How do businesses decide which distribution channel to use?
How do unethical distribution practices affect consumers and businesses?

- Digital resources
- Case studies
- Charts
- Reference books
- Reference books
- Newspaper articles
- Digital resources
- Case studies
- Reference books
- Role play scenarios

- Case study analysis - Oral presentation - Written assignments
- Case study analysis - Role play assessment - Written assignments

Tools and Production
Entrepreneurship

Distribution of Goods and Services - Participation in distribution
Financial Services - Financial institutions available in Kenya

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify distribution activities in the community
- Explain ways to participate in distribution
- Show interest in distribution activities

- Visit local businesses to observe distribution activities
- Interview business owners about distribution processes
- Document distribution activities observed
- Present findings to the class

How can individuals participate in the distribution of goods and services?

- Local businesses
- Community resources
- Digital resources
- Interview guides
- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book pg. 160
- Pictures of financial institutions
- Charts

- Field notes - Interview assessment - Oral presentation

Entrepreneurship

Financial Services - Financial institutions available in Kenya
Financial Services - Classification of financial institutions in Kenya

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain the meaning of financial institutions
- Describe types of financial institutions
- Appreciate the role of financial institutions

- Use print or digital media to search for information on financial institutions
- Discuss types of financial institutions
- Present findings in class
- Create a chart showing types of financial institutions

What services do different financial institutions offer?

- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book pg. 161
- Digital resources
- Reference materials
- Charts
- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book pg. 162
- Presentation materials

- Research notes - Oral presentation - Chart assessment

Entrepreneurship

Financial Services - Services offered by financial institutions in Kenya
Government and Business - Reasons for government involvement in business
Government and Business - Reasons for government involvement in business
Government and Business - Ways of government involvement in business

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify services offered by financial institutions
- Match services to specific institutions
- Show interest in financial services

- Identify ways government regulates businesses
- Explain the purpose of business regulations
- Show responsibility towards regulatory compliance

- Select a type of financial institution to research
- Use digital devices or reference materials to search for services offered
- Make a presentation of findings
- Create a chart of services offered by different institutions
- Study pictures of businesses being closed
- Discuss government's role in regulating businesses
- Identify regulations violated by the businesses
- Explain the community benefit of regulations

What services do financial institutions provide to individuals and businesses?
How does the government regulate business activities?

- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book pg. 164
- Digital resources
- Reference materials
- Presentation tools
- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book pg. 169
- Pictures showing government involvement
- Charts
- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book pg. 170
- Flashcards
- Reference materials
- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book pg. 171
- Pictures of regulatory actions
- Digital resources
- Reference materials
- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book pg. 172
- Reference materials
- Charts

- Research assessment - Oral presentation - Chart quality
- Observation - Oral questions - Discussion assessment

Entrepreneurship

Government and Business - Types of taxes in Kenya

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Define taxes and their importance
- Identify sources of government funds
- Value the role of taxes in development

- Study pictures of public facilities
- Identify public facilities and services they provide
- Discuss sources of government funding
- Explain the meaning and importance of taxes

Why is it important to pay taxes?

- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book pg. 173
- Pictures of public facilities
- Digital resources
- Charts
- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book pg. 175
- Reference materials

- Observation - Oral questions - Discussion assessment

Entrepreneurship

Government and Business - e-Government services in business

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Define e-Government services
- Identify e-Government services in business
- Appreciate the value of digital government services

- Analyze a case study on e-Government
- Define e-Government services
- Identify e-Government services for business
- Discuss benefits of e-Government services

How has e-Government improved business processes?

- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book pg. 176
- Case study
- Digital resources
- Reference materials

- Case study analysis - Oral questions - Written assignments

Entrepreneurship

Business Plan - Importance of a business plan
Business Plan - Importance of a business plan
Business Plan - Components of a business plan

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Define a business plan
- Explain the importance of a business plan
- Value the role of planning in business

- Search for information on business plans
- Describe benefits of business planning
- Show interest in business planning

- Brainstorm on the meaning and importance of a business plan
- Discuss how a business plan helps entrepreneurs
- Explain reasons for making a business plan
- Share findings with the class
- Use available resources to search for information on business plans
- Watch a video on the importance of business plans
- Note down findings
- Present findings in class

Why is a business plan important for entrepreneurs?
How does a business plan contribute to business success?

- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book pg. 180
- Digital resources
- Reference materials
- Video link
- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book pg. 181
- Digital resources
- Reference materials
- Video link
- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book pg. 183
- Charts
- Sample business plans
- Digital resources

- Observation - Oral questions - Discussion assessment
- Research assessment - Note-taking - Oral presentation

Entrepreneurship

Business Plan - Components of a business plan

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Analyze case studies on business plan components
- Describe the purpose of each component
- Appreciate comprehensive business planning

- Read case studies on business plan components
- Identify the components described in the case studies
- Describe each component identified
- Share the description with other groups

How do the different components work together in a business plan?

- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book pg. 184
- Case studies
- Sample business plans
- Digital resources

- Case study analysis - Oral presentation - Written assignments

Entrepreneurship

Business Plan - Filling in a business plan template

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Complete a business plan template
- Apply knowledge of business plan components
- Show creativity in business planning

- Study a business plan template
- Copy the template in exercise books
- Complete the plan by filling in blank sections
- Share the completed plan in class

How do we complete a business plan for a specific business idea?

- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book pg. 185
- Business plan template
- Digital resources
- Reference materials

- Template completion - Oral presentation - Written assessment