Materials for Production

Wood - Classification of wood according to physical characteristics

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify types of wood available in the environment
- Classify wood according to physical characteristics
- Appreciate the variety of wood types in the local environment

- Use print or digital resources to search for information on types of wood available
- Observe and identify trees in the environment
- Sort wood as either softwood or hardwood using a checklist

Which kind of trees do you have in your community?

- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book pg. 69
- Assorted pieces of wood
- Digital devices
- Charts showing wood types

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Materials for Production

Wood - Classification of wood according to physical characteristics
Wood - Preparation of wood for use in the production of items
Wood - Preparation of wood for use in the production of items

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Compare the physical properties of hardwood and softwood
- Identify examples of hardwood and softwood
- Show interest in wood varieties and their properties

- Take a walk around the school compound or community to identify trees
- Observe the physical characteristics of each tree
- Group wood types based on their characteristics
- Create a comparison chart of hardwood and softwood properties

What are the physical differences between hardwood and softwood?

- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book pg. 70
- Assorted pieces of wood
- Sample trees in the environment
- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book pg. 72
- Digital devices
- Reference materials
- Charts showing conversion methods
- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book pg. 74
- Pictures showing wood seasoning methods
- Digital resources
- Charts

- Observation - Checklist - Portfolio assessment

Materials for Production

Wood - Types of wood and their uses in the community
Wood - Importance of wood in day-to-day life
Waste Materials - Waste materials found in the environment

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify different uses of wood in the community
- Match types of wood to their specific uses
- Show interest in wood applications

- Identify wooden items in the environment
- Explain the importance of wood in day-to-day life
- Appreciate the value of wood as a resource

- Study pictures of items made of wood
- Suggest the best type of wood for making various items
- Brainstorm on other uses of wood in the community
- Create a chart matching types of wood to their uses
- Name wooden items found in the environment
- Mention places in the community that trade in wood products
- Discuss how wood is used in daily activities
- Explain the importance of wood in day-to-day life

What factors determine the choice of wood for specific items?
Why is wood an important resource in our daily lives?

- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book pg. 75
- Pictures of wooden items
- Charts
- Digital resources
- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book pg. 77
- Reference materials
- Digital resources
- Community resources
- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book pg. 79
- Charts
- Local wood products
- Digital resources
- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book pg. 81
- Crossword puzzles
- Self-reflection forms
- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book pg. 93
- School environment
- Digital resources
- Charts

- Observation - Oral questions - Charts assessment
- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Materials for Production

Waste Materials - Waste materials found in the environment

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Categorize different types of waste materials
- Identify areas where specific waste materials are found
- Appreciate the need to understand waste materials

- Study pictures of waste materials in the environment
- Identify waste materials shown in each picture
- Mention areas where specific waste materials are likely to be found
- Discuss different types of waste materials

How can we categorize waste materials found in our environment?

- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book pg. 94
- Pictures of waste materials
- Digital resources
- Charts

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Materials for Production

Waste Materials - Ways of handling waste materials safely in the environment

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain safe ways of handling waste materials
- Describe different approaches to waste management
- Value safe waste handling practices

- Use print reference materials or digital devices to search for information on safe ways of handling and disposing waste materials
- Write short notes on findings
- Present findings in class

What are the safe ways of handling different types of waste materials?

- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book pg. 95
- Reference materials
- Digital devices
- Charts

- Note-taking - Oral presentation - Written assignments

Materials for Production

Waste Materials - Ways of handling waste materials safely in the environment
Waste Materials - Disposing waste materials using appropriate methods
Waste Materials - The need for proper handling of waste materials in the environment

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify ways to safely handle waste materials
- Describe methods of waste handling shown in pictures
- Show responsibility towards safe waste handling

- Explain the importance of proper waste handling
- Describe the impact of waste on the environment
- Value the importance of proper waste management

- Study pictures showing ways of handling waste materials
- Describe how different waste materials are handled in each picture
- Discuss other ways in which waste can be safely handled
- Take a walk in the locality to observe how businesses handle waste
- Find out from local people why proper waste handling is important
- Write findings in exercise books
- Present findings in class

How can different types of waste materials be safely handled?
Why is proper waste handling important for our environment?

- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book pg. 96
- Pictures of waste handling methods
- Digital resources
- Charts
- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book pg. 97
- Personal protective equipment
- Garbage bags or containers
- Dustbins
- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book pg. 98
- Local community resources
- Digital resources
- Charts

- Observation - Oral questions - Discussion assessment
- Field notes - Oral presentation - Written assignments

Materials for Production

Waste Materials - The need for proper handling of waste materials in the environment

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- List types of waste materials in the environment
- Suggest ways of handling different waste types
- Show responsibility towards waste management

- Discuss the importance of proper waste handling and disposal
- List types of waste materials found in the environment
- Suggest ways of safely handling each waste type
- Role play scenarios of waste management

How does proper waste management benefit the community?

- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book pg. 99
- Charts
- Digital resources
- Pictures showing proper waste handling
- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book pg. 100
- Self-reflection forms
- Problem-solving exercises
- Digital resources

- Oral questions - Written assignments - Role play assessment

Tools and Production

Holding Tools - Holding tools used in day-to-day life
Holding Tools - Selecting holding tools for performing given tasks

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify different holding tools used in a workplace
- Name holding tools found within the locality
- Appreciate the variety of holding tools in daily use

- Study holding tools shown in pictures
- Discuss why the tools are known as holding tools
- Mention where the tools can be found within the locality
- Draw and name the tools in exercise books

What are holding tools?

- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book pg. 113
- Visual aids
- Real holding tools
- Pictures of holding tools
- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book pg. 115
- Task scenarios
- Holding tools
- Digital resources

- Observation - Oral questions - Drawings assessment

Tools and Production

Holding Tools - Uses of holding tools
Holding Tools - Caring for holding tools used in day-to-day life
Holding Tools - Importance of holding tools in day-to-day life
Driving Tools - Driving tools used in day-to-day life

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Describe tasks performed using holding tools
- Explain uses of different holding tools
- Appreciate the importance of holding tools in task performance

- Explain the importance of holding tools
- Describe how holding tools help in task performance
- Value the role of holding tools in daily activities

- Study pictures of people using holding tools
- Describe tasks being carried out in each picture
- Name holding tools being used
- Create a table matching holding tools to their uses
- Study a picture of a worker using a holding tool
- Discuss how the holding tool helps the worker
- Explain how holding tools ensure safety
- Describe the importance of holding tools in the community

How are different holding tools used in the workplace?
How do holding tools make work easier and safer?

- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book pg. 116
- Pictures of holding tools in use
- Digital resources
- Video links
- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book pg. 117
- Holding tools
- Safety equipment
- Digital resources
- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book pg. 119
- Pictures of tool maintenance
- Cleaning materials
- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book pg. 120
- Pictures of workers using holding tools
- Digital resources
- Community resources
- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book pg. 121
- Word search puzzles
- Problem-solving exercises
- Self-reflection forms
- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book pg. 124
- Pictures of driving tools
- Real driving tools
- Digital resources

- Observation - Oral questions - Table assessment
- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Tools and Production

Driving Tools - Selecting driving tools for performing given tasks
Driving Tools - Uses of driving tools

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Select appropriate driving tools for specific tasks
- Explain reasons for selecting specific driving tools
- Appreciate the importance of proper tool selection

- Study tasks requiring driving tools
- Select the most appropriate driving tool for each task
- Give reasons for the choice of tool
- Discuss factors to consider when selecting driving tools

How do you determine which driving tool is appropriate for a specific task?

- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book pg. 125
- Task scenarios
- Driving tools
- Digital resources
- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book pg. 127
- Pictures of driving tools in use
- Digital resources
- Video links

- Observation - Oral questions - Tool selection assessment

Tools and Production

Driving Tools - Uses of driving tools

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Demonstrate safe use of driving tools
- Follow safety guidelines when using driving tools
- Show responsibility in using driving tools safely

- Search for information on safe use of driving tools
- Create a skit demonstrating safe use of driving tools
- Practice using driving tools while following safety guidelines
- Observe safety rules during demonstrations

What safety measures should be observed when using driving tools?

- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book pg. 128
- Driving tools
- Safety equipment
- Digital resources

- Observation - Demonstration - Practical assessment

Tools and Production

Driving Tools - Caring for driving tools used in day-to-day life
Driving Tools - Importance of driving tools in day-to-day life

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain how to care for driving tools
- Identify well-maintained vs. poorly maintained tools
- Value the importance of proper tool maintenance

- Explain the importance of driving tools
- Identify tasks that require driving tools
- Appreciate the role of driving tools in daily life

- Study pictures showing care for driving tools
- Identify pictures showing tools that have been cared for
- Discuss how the driving tools have been cared for
- Explain the importance of tool care and maintenance
- Mention tasks that can be performed using driving tools
- Discuss the importance of driving tools in day-to-day life
- Explain how driving tools make work easier
- Describe safety benefits of proper tool use

Why is it important to care for and maintain driving tools?
How do driving tools improve productivity and safety?

- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book pg. 130
- Pictures of tool maintenance
- Driving tools
- Cleaning materials
- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book pg. 131
- Pictures of tasks using driving tools
- Digital resources
- Community resources
- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book pg. 132
- Crossword puzzles
- Problem-solving exercises
- Self-reflection forms

- Observation - Oral questions - Picture analysis
- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Tools and Production

Distribution of Goods and Services - Role of intermediaries

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain the meaning of channels of distribution
- Describe the role of intermediaries
- Appreciate the importance of distribution channels

- Discuss and present the meaning of channels of distribution
- Explain the role of intermediaries in distribution
- Search for information on intermediaries in distribution
- Present findings to the class

Why are intermediaries important in the distribution of goods and services?

- Digital resources
- Reference books
- Charts showing distribution channels

- Observation - Oral presentation - Written assignments

Tools and Production

Distribution of Goods and Services - Role of intermediaries

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify different types of intermediaries
- Explain functions of various intermediaries
- Value the contribution of intermediaries in distribution

- Discuss different types of intermediaries
- Explain the functions of each type of intermediary
- Create a chart showing intermediaries and their functions
- Present findings to the class

How do different intermediaries serve in the distribution process?

- Digital resources
- Reference books
- Charts
- Pictures of intermediaries

- Observation - Oral presentation - Chart assessment

Tools and Production

Distribution of Goods and Services - Channels for distributing goods and services
Distribution of Goods and Services - Ethical and unethical practices

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify channels for distributing goods
- Illustrate distribution channels
- Show interest in distribution channels

- Identify ethical practices in distribution
- Recognize unethical practices in distribution
- Value ethical conduct in business

- Search and watch video clips on distribution channels
- Discuss different distribution channels
- Prepare a chart showing channels for distribution
- Present findings to the class
- Discuss ethical practices in distribution of goods and services
- Identify unethical practices in distribution
- Debate on ethical issues in distribution
- Present findings to the class

What are the different channels used for distributing goods and services?
What ethical issues arise in the distribution of goods and services?

- Digital resources
- Video clips
- Charts
- Reference books
- Case studies
- Digital resources
- Case studies
- Reference books
- Newspaper articles

- Observation - Chart assessment - Oral presentation
- Observation - Debate assessment - Written assignments

Tools and Production

Distribution of Goods and Services - Ethical and unethical practices

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Analyze the impact of unethical practices
- Suggest ways to promote ethical practices
- Show commitment to ethical business conduct

- Analyze case studies on unethical distribution practices
- Discuss the impact of unethical practices on consumers
- Suggest ways to promote ethical practices
- Role play ethical and unethical scenarios

How do unethical distribution practices affect consumers and businesses?

- Digital resources
- Case studies
- Reference books
- Role play scenarios

- Case study analysis - Role play assessment - Written assignments

Tools and Production

Distribution of Goods and Services - Participation in distribution
Project - Identifying problems to be solved

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify distribution activities in the community
- Explain ways to participate in distribution
- Show interest in distribution activities

- Visit local businesses to observe distribution activities
- Interview business owners about distribution processes
- Document distribution activities observed
- Present findings to the class

How can individuals participate in the distribution of goods and services?

- Local businesses
- Community resources
- Digital resources
- Interview guides
- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book pg. 153
- Questionnaires
- Recording materials

- Field notes - Interview assessment - Oral presentation

Tools and Production

Project - Identifying problems to be solved
Project - Selecting an item to solve the identified problem

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Analyze collected data on community problems
- Select problems that can be solved using acquired skills
- Appreciate the value of problem-solving

- Identify possible items to solve the identified problem
- Select an appropriate item based on specific criteria
- Show creativity in problem-solving

- Analyze data collected during community visit
- Identify skills learned in Pre-Technical Studies
- Select problems that can be solved using the skills
- Describe how solving the problems benefits the community
- Discuss how the identified problem can be solved
- Use available resources to search for possible solutions
- Identify items that can solve the problem
- Suggest technical skills needed to make the items

Which problems can be effectively addressed with our existing skills?
How do we determine the most appropriate solution to our identified problem?

- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book pg. 154
- Collected data
- Digital resources
- Presentation materials
- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book pg. 154
- Digital resources
- Reference materials
- Problem analysis tools
- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book pg. 155
- Evaluation tools

- Data analysis - Oral presentation - Written assignments
- Observation - Oral presentation - Solution assessment

Tools and Production

Project - Making an item to solve the problem

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Sketch the selected item
- Plan the making process
- Show creativity in design

- Make freehand sketches of the selected item
- Use resources to find steps for making the item
- Create a plan for making the item
- Prepare material and tool lists

How should we plan the making process?

- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book pg. 155
- Drawing materials
- Digital resources
- Reference materials

- Sketches assessment - Planning assessment - Oral presentation

Tools and Production

Project - Making an item to solve the problem

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify materials and tools needed
- Source materials from the locality
- Show responsibility in resource gathering

- Use resources to identify materials and tools needed
- Select appropriate materials and tools
- Identify places to source materials
- Collect and store materials safely

What locally available materials can we use for our project?

- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book pg. 156
- Local materials
- Digital resources
- Tool catalogs

- Material selection - Sourcing strategy - Resource management

Tools and Production

Project - Making an item to solve the problem

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Follow safety procedures
- Use tools and materials appropriately
- Show responsibility during the making process

- Complete the making process
- Evaluate the finished item
- Show pride in the finished product

- Wear appropriate safety gear
- Assemble materials and tools
- Inspect tools for good condition
- Begin making the item following planned steps
- Complete the making of the designed item
- Clean the working area and tools
- Store tools properly
- Evaluate the finished item

What safety considerations are important during the making process?
How can we evaluate the quality of our finished item?

- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book pg. 156
- Safety gear
- Tools and materials
- Work space
- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book pg. 156
- Tools and materials
- Cleaning supplies
- Evaluation tools

- Observation - Safety compliance - Work progress
- Product assessment - Workspace management - Self-evaluation

Tools and Production

Project - Making an item to solve the problem

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Calculate the cost of the item
- Determine an appropriate price
- Show understanding of basic costing

- Estimate the total cost spent to make the item
- Calculate the profit margin
- Determine the selling price
- Document the costing process

How do we determine the cost and appropriate price for our item?

- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book pg. 156
- Cost calculation tools
- Digital resources
- Pricing guides

- Cost calculation - Pricing strategy - Documentation assessment

Tools and Production

Project - Making an item to solve the problem
Project - Utilizing skills to solve problems

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Present the finished item effectively
- Explain how the item solves the identified problem
- Value feedback for improvement

- Present the finished item to the class
- Explain how the item solves the identified problem
- Demonstrate how the item works
- Receive feedback from classmates

How effectively does our item solve the identified problem?

- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book pg. 156
- Finished item
- Presentation materials
- Feedback forms
- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book pg. 157
- Documentation tools
- Community resources

- Presentation - Product demonstration - Peer feedback

Tools and Production

Project - Utilizing skills to solve problems

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Evaluate the success of the solution
- Identify areas for improvement
- Show commitment to continuous improvement

- Share project learning with the community
- Promote sustainable problem-solving
- Value community engagement

- Evaluate how well the item solved the problem
- Identify strengths and weaknesses of the solution
- Suggest improvements for future projects
- Complete a self-reflection form
- Present the project to community members
- Explain the problem-solving process
- Demonstrate how the solution works
- Gather community feedback

What have we learned from this project and how can we improve?
How can we share our learning and solutions with the wider community?

- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book pg. 157
- Evaluation tools
- Self-reflection forms
- Feedback data
- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book pg. 157
- Finished item
- Presentation materials
- Community venue

- Solution evaluation - Improvement suggestions - Self-reflection
- Community presentation - Engagement assessment - Feedback collection

Tools and Production
Entrepreneurship
Entrepreneurship

Project - Utilizing skills to solve problems
Financial Services - Financial institutions available in Kenya
Financial Services - Financial institutions available in Kenya

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Document the entire project process
- Create a comprehensive project report
- Show appreciation for skills acquired

- Create a comprehensive project report
- Include problem identification, solution development, implementation, and evaluation
- Reflect on skills acquired and applied
- Present the final report

How can we document our project journey for future reference?

- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book pg. 157
- Project documentation
- Digital resources
- Reporting templates
- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book pg. 160
- Pictures of financial institutions
- Charts
- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book pg. 161
- Reference materials

- Project report - Documentation quality - Presentation skills

Entrepreneurship

Financial Services - Classification of financial institutions in Kenya
Financial Services - Services offered by financial institutions in Kenya
Government and Business - Reasons for government involvement in business

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify classifications of financial institutions
- Compare banking and non-banking institutions
- Value the diversity of financial institutions

- Study a presentation on classification of financial institutions
- Identify the classifications of financial institutions
- Brainstorm on each classification
- Create a comparison table for the classifications

How are financial institutions classified in Kenya?

- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book pg. 162
- Presentation materials
- Digital resources
- Charts
- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book pg. 164
- Reference materials
- Presentation tools
- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book pg. 169
- Pictures showing government involvement

- Observation - Oral questions - Table assessment

Entrepreneurship

Government and Business - Reasons for government involvement in business
Government and Business - Ways of government involvement in business
Government and Business - Ways of government involvement in business
Government and Business - Types of taxes in Kenya

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Analyze specific reasons for government involvement
- Give examples of each reason
- Value government's role in ensuring fairness

- Define taxes and their importance
- Identify sources of government funds
- Value the role of taxes in development

- Study flashcards showing reasons for government involvement
- Discuss each reason and give examples
- Write down the discussion in exercise books
- Present the findings in class
- Study pictures of public facilities
- Identify public facilities and services they provide
- Discuss sources of government funding
- Explain the meaning and importance of taxes

How does government involvement in business benefit citizens?
Why is it important to pay taxes?

- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book pg. 170
- Flashcards
- Digital resources
- Reference materials
- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book pg. 171
- Pictures of regulatory actions
- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book pg. 172
- Reference materials
- Charts
- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book pg. 173
- Pictures of public facilities
- Digital resources
- Charts

- Discussion assessment - Written notes - Oral presentation
- Observation - Oral questions - Discussion assessment

Entrepreneurship

Government and Business - Types of taxes in Kenya
Government and Business - e-Government services in business

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify different types of taxes in Kenya
- Explain the purpose of each tax type
- Show responsibility towards tax compliance

- Use available resources to find information about tax types
- Discuss types of taxes (income tax, VAT, corporate tax, excise duty)
- Find out current rates of each tax type
- Present findings in class

What are the different types of taxes collected in Kenya?

- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book pg. 175
- Digital resources
- Reference materials
- Charts
- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book pg. 176
- Case study
- Reference materials

- Research assessment - Oral presentation - Written assignments

Entrepreneurship

Business Plan - Importance of a business plan

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Define a business plan
- Explain the importance of a business plan
- Value the role of planning in business

- Brainstorm on the meaning and importance of a business plan
- Discuss how a business plan helps entrepreneurs
- Explain reasons for making a business plan
- Share findings with the class

Why is a business plan important for entrepreneurs?

- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book pg. 180
- Digital resources
- Reference materials
- Video link

- Observation - Oral questions - Discussion assessment

Entrepreneurship

Business Plan - Importance of a business plan
Business Plan - Components of a business plan
Business Plan - Filling in a business plan template

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Search for information on business plans
- Describe benefits of business planning
- Show interest in business planning

- Identify components of a business plan
- Describe each component
- Value the structure of a business plan

- Use available resources to search for information on business plans
- Watch a video on the importance of business plans
- Note down findings
- Present findings in class
- Study a chart showing components of a business plan
- Describe each component
- Study sample business plans
- Present the discussion in class

How does a business plan contribute to business success?
What are the key components of a successful business plan?

- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book pg. 181
- Digital resources
- Reference materials
- Video link
- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book pg. 183
- Charts
- Sample business plans
- Digital resources
- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book pg. 184
- Case studies
- Spotlight Pre-Technical Studies Learner's Book pg. 185
- Business plan template
- Digital resources
- Reference materials

- Research assessment - Note-taking - Oral presentation
- Observation - Oral presentation - Written assignments