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Business Studies
Form 3 2025
TERM II
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WK LSN TOPIC SUB-TOPIC OBJECTIVES T/L ACTIVITIES T/L AIDS REFERENCE REMARKS
2 1
POPULATION & EMPLOYMENT.
Population growth.
Optimum population.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:




Outline factors associated with population growth.
List factors that are likely to lead to either high or low birthrates.
Calculate population growth rate.




Brain storming;
Exposition of new concepts;
Probing questions;
Guided discussion;
Calculations.
text book
Chart- optimum population.
New Inventor KLB BOOK III Pg 71-72
2 2
POPULATION & EMPLOYMENT.
Under-population.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Cite factors that lead to under population.
State demerits of under -population.
Brain storming;
Guided discussion.
Chart- under population.
New Inventor KLB BOOK III Pg 74-75
2 3
POPULATION & EMPLOYMENT.
Over-population.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Cite factors that lead to over population.
State advantages and disadvantages of over-population.
Brain storming;
Oral questions;
Guided discussion.
Chart- over population.
New Inventor KLB BOOK III Pg 75-77
2 4
POPULATION & EMPLOYMENT.
Young population.
Ageing population.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Cite factors that may lead to young population.
State advantages and disadvantages of a young population.
Outline challenges of a young population.
Brain storming;
Oral questions;
Exposition;
Guided discussion.
text book
New Inventor KLB BOOK III Pg 78
2 5
POPULATION & EMPLOYMENT.
Declining population.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
State factors that may lead to a declining population.
Outline effects of a declining population.
Q/A to review young population;
Discussion on ageing and declining populations.
New Inventor KLB BOOK III Pg 78-79
3 1
POPULATION & EMPLOYMENT.
Population structure.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Differentiate between a young population and an ageing population.
Define the term population structure.
Explain implications of population size and structure on development.
Probing questions;
Drawing an illustrative population pyramid; Discussion.
Chart- population structure pyramid.,
Diagram of vicious cycle of rapid population growth.
New Inventor KLB BOOK III Pg 80-81
3 2
POPULATION & EMPLOYMENT.
Employment and unemployment.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Define the term employment.
Identify types of unemployment.
Exposition and discussion on new concepts associated with unemployment.
text book
New Inventor KLB BOOK III Pg 83-86
3 3
POPULATION & EMPLOYMENT.
Causes of unemployment.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Outline the main causes of unemployment.
Q/A and brief discussion
New Inventor KLB BOOK III Pg 87-88
3 4
POPULATION & EMPLOYMENT.
Solving unemployment problems.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Suggest some possible solutions to unemployment problems in Kenya.
Group discussions & presentations;
Guided discussion.
text book
New Inventor KLB BOOK III Pg 88-90
3 5
POPULATION & EMPLOYMENT.
Solving unemployment problems.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Suggest some possible solutions to unemployment problems in Kenya.
Group discussions & presentations;
Guided discussion.
text book
New Inventor KLB BOOK III Pg 88-90
4 1
NET WORTH OF A BUSINESS.
Basic terms used in business.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:



Define basic terms used in business.
State characteristics of assets / liabilities.



Brief discussion on the terms debtor, creditor, asset, liability and capital.
New Inventor KLB BOOK III Pg 92-95
4 2
NET WORTH OF A BUSINESS.
Book-keeping Equation.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify sources of assets.
Derive and explain the bookkeeping equation.
Use a concrete example to arrive at the book-keeping equation.
Apply the book-keeping equation.
Supervised practice.
text book
New Inventor KLB BOOK III Pg 95-97
4 3
NET WORTH OF A BUSINESS.
Book-keeping Equation.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify sources of assets.
Derive and explain the bookkeeping equation.
Use a concrete example to arrive at the book-keeping equation.
Apply the book-keeping equation.
Supervised practice.
text book
New Inventor KLB BOOK III Pg 95-97
4 4
NET WORTH OF A BUSINESS.
Balance sheet.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Define the term balance sheet.
Prepare a balance sheet.
Guided preparation of a balance sheet.
Supervised practice.
Assignment.
text book
New Inventor KLB BOOK III Pg 97-98
4 5
NET WORTH OF A BUSINESS.
Importance of a balance sheet.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain importance of a balance sheet.
Probing questions;
Discussion.
New Inventor KLB BOOK III Pg 99
5 1
NET WORTH OF A BUSINESS.
Book-keeping equation and balance sheet.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Relate book-keeping equation with balance sheet
Guided discovery;
New Inventor KLB BOOK III pg 99
5 2
NET WORTH OF A BUSINESS.
Net worth of a business.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Determine a business net worth using book-keeping equation and a balance sheet.
Discussion.
New Inventor KLB BOOK III Pg 99-100
5 3
NET WORTH OF A BUSINESS.
Topic review.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Answer questions correctly.
Answer numerical questions.
Exercise review.
chart
New Inventor KLB BOOK III Pg 100-102
5 4
BUSINESS TRANSACTIONS
Types of business transactions.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:


Give examples of business transactions.
Define the term deferred payment.
Give examples of credit transactions.



Probing questions;
Oral questions;
Brief guided discussion.
chart
New Inventor KLB BOOK III Pg 103
5 5
BUSINESS TRANSACTIONS
Effects of transactions on the balance sheet.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Determine the effects of transactions on the balance sheet.
Worked examples;
Supervised exercise;
Guided discovery.
chart
New Inventor KLB BOOK III Pg 103-108
6 1
BUSINESS TRANSACTIONS
Changes in capital: Drawing.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:



Explain how drawings affect capital.


Worked examples
Supervised practice.
Exercise.
New Inventor KLB BOOK III Pg 108-9
6 2
BUSINESS TRANSACTIONS
Additional investments.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain how additional investments affect capital.
Work through an example.
Exercise.
New Inventor KLB BOOK III Pg 109
6 3
BUSINESS TRANSACTIONS
Profit & losses.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Determine the solvency of a business.
Q/A : review meaning of terms profit and loss.
Work through examples.
text book
New Inventor KLB BOOK III Pg 109-110
6 4
BUSINESS TRANSACTIONS
Initial and final capital of a business.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Compute the capital at the end of a given period.
Work through examples;
Group activities;
Guided discussion.
text book
New Inventor KLB BOOK III Pg 111
6 5
THE LEDGER.
Meaning and purpose of a ledger.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:


Identify features of a ledger.
Explain the purpose of a ledger.


Exposition of new concepts and detailed discussion.


A ledger book.
New Inventor KLB BOOK III Pg 117
7 1
THE LEDGER.
Rules of recording transactions in ledger accounts.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Record transactions in a ledger A/Cs.
Exposition and summary in tabular form


A ledger.
New Inventor KLB BOOK III 118-120
7 2
THE LEDGER.
The concept of double entry.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Apply the rule of double entry.
Further worked examples;
Supervised practice.
Assignment.
text book
New Inventor KLB BOOK III Pg 120
7 3
THE LEDGER.
The concept of double entry.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Apply the rule of double entry.
Further worked examples;
Supervised practice.
Assignment.
text book
New Inventor KLB BOOK III Pg 120
7 4
THE LEDGER.
Recording business transactions in ledger accounts.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Record accounting transactions in ledger A/Cs.
Exposition;
Oral questions;
Guided discovery.
Ledger.
New Inventor KLB BOOK III Pg 120-5
7 5
THE LEDGER.
Purchase of goods and purchase of stock in cash / on credit.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Record purchase of stock in cash / on credit.
Exposition;
Oral questions;
Guided discovery.
The Ledger.
New Inventor KLB BOOK III Pg 127-9
8 1
THE LEDGER.
Purchase returns.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Post entries of purchase returns to ledger account.
Oral questions;
Guided discovery;
Numerous examples.
The Ledger.
New Inventor KLB BOOK III Pg 129-130
8 2
THE LEDGER.
Sale returns.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Record sales returns in ledger account.
Worked examples;
Supervised practice.
The Ledger.
New Inventor KLB BOOK III Pg 130
8 3
THE LEDGER.
Expenses in ledger account.
Revenues in ledger accounts.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Record expenses in ledger account.
Practical activity;
Worked examples;
Supervised practice.
The Ledger.
New Inventor KLB BOOK III Pg 130-1
8 4
THE LEDGER.
Drawings in ledger accounts.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Record drawings in a ledger account.
Practical activity;
Worked examples;
Supervised practice.
The Ledger.
New Inventor KLB BOOK III Pg 132
8 4-5
THE LEDGER.
Drawings in ledger accounts.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Record drawings in a ledger account.
Practical activity;
Worked examples;
Supervised practice.
The Ledger.
New Inventor KLB BOOK III Pg 132
9

Halfterm

10 1
THE LEDGER.
Balancing ledger accounts.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Balance ledger accounts.
Oral questions;
Guided discovery;
Numerous examples.
The Ledger.
New Inventor KLB BOOK III Pg 133-4
10 2
THE LEDGER.
Balancing an account with only one entry.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Balance an account with only one entry.
Oral questions;
Guided discovery;
Worked examples.
The Ledger.
New Inventor KLB BOOK III Pg 134-6
10 3
THE LEDGER.
Uses of ledger accounts.
Trial balance. Purpose of a trial balance.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Outline uses of ledgers.
Probing questions;
Guided discussion.
chart
10 4
THE LEDGER.
Limitations of a trial balance.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Outline limitations of a trial balance with reference to ?hidden? errors.
Outline errors that may cause a trial balance not to balance.
Exposition of new concepts;
Guided discussion.
chart
New Inventor KLB BOOK III Pg 138-9
10 5
THE LEDGER.
Classification of ledger accounts.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Distinguish personal from impersonal accounts.
Outline types of ledgers.
Probing questions;
Discussion.
chart
New Inventor KLB BOOK III Pg 140
11 1
THE LEDGER.
The general ledger.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Outline features of the general ledger.
Oral questions;
Guided discussion.
Chart ?classes of accounts and appropriate ledgers.
New Inventor KLB BOOK III Pg 141
11 2
THE LEDGER.
Topic review.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Answer review questions correctly.
Answer questions from revision exercise.
New Inventor KLB BOOK III Pg 142-9
11 3
THE CASH BOOK
Types of cash books. Single- column cash book.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:


List types of cashbooks.
Identify features of a single-column cash book.
Post entries in a single-column cash book.



Worked examples.
Written assignment.



Single-column cash book.
New Inventor KLB BOOK III Pg 151-2
11 4
THE CASH BOOK
Types of cash books. Single- column cash book.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:


List types of cashbooks.
Identify features of a single-column cash book.
Post entries in a single-column cash book.



Worked examples.
Written assignment.



Single-column cash book.
New Inventor KLB BOOK III Pg 151-2
11 5
THE CASH BOOK
The two- column cash book.
Ledger accounts from three-column cash book.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Balance off the two- column cash book.
Worked examples.
Written assignment.
Worked examples.
Supervised exercise.
Two-column cash book.
3-column cash book, the ledger.
New Inventor KLB BOOK III Pg 155-6
12 1
THE CASH BOOK
The three-column cash book.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Record transactions in a three-column cash book.
Balance off the three- column cash book.
Worked examples illustrating transactions in a 3- column cash book.
Supervised practice.
Written exercise.
3-column cash book.
New Inventor KLB BOOK III Pg 156-9

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