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Chemistry
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WK LSN TOPIC SUB-TOPIC OBJECTIVES T/L ACTIVITIES T/L AIDS REFERENCE REMARKS
2 1
STRUCTURE & BONDING
Chemical bonds. Ionic bond.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe role of valence electrons in determining chemical bonding.


Explain formation of ionic bonding.
Q/A: Review valence electrons of atoms of elements in groups I, II, III, VII and VIII.
Q/A: Review group I and group VII elements.
Discuss formation of ionic bond.
text book
K.L.B. BOOK IIP54




PP 57-58
2 2
STRUCTURE & BONDING
Ionic bond representation.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Use dot and cross diagrams to represent ionic bonding.
Drawing diagrams of ionic bonds.
Chart- dot and cross diagrams.
Models for bonding.
K.L.B. BOOK II P. 58
2 3-4
STRUCTURE & BONDING
Grant ionic structures.
Physical properties of ionic compounds.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe the crystalline ionic compound.
Give examples of ionic substances.
Describe physical properties of ionic compounds.
Explain the differences in the physical properties of ionic compounds.
Discuss the group ionic structures of NaCl.
Teacher gives examples of other ionic substances: KNO3, potassium bromide, Ca (NO3)2, sodium iodide.
Analyse tabulated comparative physical properties of ionic compounds.

Teacher asks probing questions.
Giant sodium chloride model.
text book
K.L.B. BOOK II PP 56-58
K.L.B. BOOK IIPP 58-59
2 5
STRUCTURE & BONDING
Covalent bond.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain the formation of covalent bond
Use dot and cross diagrams to represent covalent bond.
Exposition: Shared pair of electrons in a hydrogen molecule, H2O, NH3, Cl2, and CO2.
Drawing of dot-and-cross diagrams of covalent bonds.
text book
K.L.B. BOOK II PP 60-63
3 1
STRUCTURE & BONDING
Co-ordinate bond.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe the co-ordinate bond
To represent co-ordinate bond diagrammatically.
Exposition- teacher explains the nature of co-ordinate bond.
Students represent co-ordinate bond diagrammatically.
text book
K.L.B. BOOK II P 65
3 2
STRUCTURE & BONDING
Molecular structure.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe the molecular structure.
To give examples of substance exhibiting molecular structure
Discussion ? To explain formation of the giant structure and give examples of substance exhibiting molecular structure.
text book
K.L.B. BOOK IIP 65
3 3-4
STRUCTURE & BONDING
Trend in physical properties of molecular structures.
Giant atomic structure in diamond.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe van- der -waals forces.
To explain the trend in physical properties of molecular structures.
To describe giant atomic structure in diamond.
To state uses of diamond.
Discuss comparative physical properties of substances. exhibiting molecular structure.
Explain variation in the physical properties.
Diagrammatic representation of diamond.
Discuss uses of diamond.
Sugar, naphthalene, iodine rhombic sulphur.
Diagrams in textbooks.
K.L.B. BOOK IIP 65
K.L.B. BOOK II P 69
3 5
STRUCTURE & BONDING
Giant atomic structure in graphite.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe giant atomic structure in graphite.
To state uses of graphite.
Diagrammatic representation of graphite.

Discuss uses of graphite.
Diagrams in textbooks.
K.L.B. BOOK II pp 69
4 1
STRUCTURE & BONDING
Metallic bond. Uses of some metals.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe mutual electronic forces between electrons and nuclei.
To describe metallic bond.
To compare physical properties of metals.
To state uses of some metals.
Discussion:
Detailed analysis of comparative physical properties of metals and their uses.



Probing questions & brief explanations.
text book
K.L.B. BOOK IIP 70
4 2
PROPERTIES AND TRENDS ACROSS PERIOD THREE
Physical properties of elements in periods.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:




To compare electrical conductivity of elements in period 3
Group experiments- Construct electrical circuits incorporating a magnesium ribbon, then aluminum foil, then sulphur in turns.
The brightness of the bulb is noted in each case.
Discuss the observations in terms of delocalised electrons.
The periodic table.
K.L.B. BOOK IIP. 76
4 3-4
PROPERTIES AND TRENDS ACROSS PERIOD THREE
Physical properties of elements in periods.
Physical properties of elements in period 3.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:




To compare electrical conductivity of elements in period 3
To compare other physical properties of elements across period 3.
Group experiments- Construct electrical circuits incorporating a magnesium ribbon, then aluminum foil, then sulphur in turns.
The brightness of the bulb is noted in each case.
Discuss the observations in terms of delocalised electrons.

Analyse comparative physical properties presented in form of a table.
Explain the trend in the physical properties given.
The periodic table.
K.L.B. BOOK IIP. 76
K.L.B. BOOK II P. 77
4 5
PROPERTIES AND TRENDS ACROSS PERIOD THREE
Chemical properties of elements in period 3.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To compare reactions of elements in period 3 with oxygen.
Q/A: Products of reactions of Na, Mg, Al, P, & S with oxygen.
Discuss the trend in their reactivity; identify basic and acidic oxides.
Exercise ? balanced chemical equations for the above reactions.
The periodic table.
K.L.B. BOOK II PP. 79-80
5 1
PROPERTIES AND TRENDS ACROSS PERIOD THREE
Chemical properties of elements in the third period.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To compare reactions of elements in period 3 with water
Q/A: Review reaction of sodium, Mg, chlorine, with water.
Infer that sodium is most reactive metal; non-metals do not react with water.
The periodic table.
K.L.B. BOOK II PP. 80-81
5 2
PROPERTIES AND TRENDS ACROSS PERIOD THREE
Oxides of period 3 elements.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To identify bonds across elements in period 3.
To explain chemical behavior of their oxide.
Comparative analysis, discussion and explanation.
The periodic table.
K.L.B. BOOK II P. 84
5 3-4
PROPERTIES AND TRENDS ACROSS PERIOD THREE
SALTS
Chlorides of period 3 elements.
Types of salts.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To explain chemical behavior of their chlorides.
To describe hydrolysis reaction.
Define a salt.
Describe various types of salts and give several examples in each case.
Comparative analysis, discussion and explanation.
Descriptive approach. Teacher exposes new concepts.
The periodic table.
text book
K.L.B. BOOK II PP. 77-78
K.L.B. BOOK II P. 91
5 5
SALTS
Solubility of salts in water.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To test solubility of various salts in cold water/warm water.
Class experiments- Dissolve salts in 5 cc of water.
Record the solubility in a table,
Analyse the results.
Sulphates, chlorides, nitrates, carbonates of various metals.
K.L.B. BOOK II PP. 92-93
6 1
SALTS
Solubility of bases in water.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To test solubility of various bases in water.
To carry out litmus test on the resulting solutions.
Class experiments- Dissolve salts in 5cc of water.
Record the solubility in a table,
Carry out litmus tests.
Discuss the results.
Oxides, hydroxides, of various metals, litmus papers.
K.L.B. BOOK IIPP. 94-95
6 2
SALTS
Solubility of bases in water.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To test solubility of various bases in water.
To carry out litmus test on the resulting solutions.
Class experiments- Dissolve salts in 5cc of water.
Record the solubility in a table,
Carry out litmus tests.
Discuss the results.
Oxides, hydroxides, of various metals, litmus papers.
K.L.B. BOOK IIPP. 94-95
6 3-4
SALTS
Methods of preparing various salts.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe various methods of preparing some salts.
Experimental and descriptive treatments of preparation of salts e.g. ZnSO4, CuSO4, NaCl and Pb(NO3)2.

CuO, H2SO4, HCl, NaOH, PbCO3, dil HNO3.
K.L.B. BOOK II pp96
6 5
SALTS
Direct synthesis of a salts.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe direct synthesis of a salt.
To write balanced equations for the reactions.
Group experiments- preparation of iron (II) sulphide by direct synthesis.
Give other examples of salts prepared by direct synthesis.
Students write down corresponding balanced equations.
Iron,
Sulphur
K.L.B. BOOK II P. 104
7 1
SALTS
Ionic equations.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To identify spectator ions in double decomposition reactions.
To write ionic equations correctly.
Q/A: Ions present in given reactants.
Deduce the products of double decomposition reactions.
Give examples of equations.
Supervised practice.
PbNO3, MgSO4 solutions.
K.L.B. BOOK II
7 2
SALTS
Ionic equations.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To identify spectator ions in double decomposition reactions.
To write ionic equations correctly.
Q/A: Ions present in given reactants.
Deduce the products of double decomposition reactions.
Give examples of equations.
Supervised practice.
PbNO3, MgSO4 solutions.
K.L.B. BOOK II
7 3-4
SALTS
Effects of heat on carbonates.
Effects of heat on nitrates.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To state effects of heat on carbonates.
To predict products resulting from heating metal carbonates.
To state effects of heat on nitrates.
To predict products resulting from heating metal nitrates.
Group experiments- To investigate effects of heat on Na2CO3, K2CO3, CaCO3, ZnCO3, PbCO3, e.t.c.
Observe various colour changes before, during and after heating.
Write equations for the reactions.

Group experiments- To investigate effects of heat on various metal nitrates.
Observe various colour changes before, during and after heating.
Write equations for the reactions.
Various carbonates.
Common metal nitrates.
K.L.B. BOOK II PP. 108-109
K.L.B. BOOK II PP. 110-111
7 5
SALTS
Effects of heat on sulphates.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To state effects of heat on sulphates.
To predict products results from heating metal sulphates.
Group experiments- To investigate effects of heat on various sulphates.
Observe various colour changes before, during and after heating.
Write equations for the reactions.
Common sulphates.
K.L.B. BOOK II P. 113
8

Midterm

9 1
SALTS
Hygroscopy, Deliquescence and Efflorescence.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To define hygroscopic deliquescent and efflorescent salts.
To give examples of hygroscopic deliquescent and efflorescent salts.
Prepare a sample of various salts.
Expose them to the atmosphere overnight.
Students classify the salts as hygroscopic, deliquescent and / or efflorescent.
K.L.B. BOOK II P. 114
9 2
SALTS
Uses of salts.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To state uses of salts
Teacher elucidates uses of salts.
K.L.B. BOOK II P. 114
9 3-4
EFFECTS OF AN ELECTRIC CURRENT ON SUBSTANCES.
CARBON AND SOME OF ITS COMPOUNDS.
Electrical conductivity.
Allotropy.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To test for electrical conductivities of substances.
Define allotropes and allotropy.
Identify allotropes of carbon.
Represent diamond and graphite diagrammatically.
Group experiments- to identify conductors and non-conductors.
Explain the difference in (non) conductivities.
Teacher exposes new terms.
Review covalent bond.
Discuss boding in diamond and graphite.
Various solids, bulb, battery, & wires.
text book
K.L.B. BOOK II PP. 118-119
K.L.B. BOOK II PP. 131-133
9 5
CARBON AND SOME OF ITS COMPOUNDS.
Physical and chemical properties of diamond, graphite and amorphous carbon
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe physical and chemical properties of diamond, graphite and amorphous carbon.
State uses of carbon allotropes.
Discuss physical and chemical properties of diamond, graphite and amorphous carbon.
Explain the Physical and chemical properties of diamond, graphite and amorphous carbon.
Discuss uses of carbon allotropes.
Charcoal, graphite.
K.L.B. BOOK II pp 134
10 1
CARBON AND SOME OF ITS COMPOUNDS.
Burning carbon and oxygen.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe reaction of carbon with oxygen.
Teacher demonstration- Prepare oxygen and pass dry oxygen into a tube containing carbon. Heat the carbon. Observe effects on limewater.
Carbon, limewater, tube, limewater stand& Bunsen burner.
K.L.B. BOOK II PP. 134-135
10 2
CARBON AND SOME OF ITS COMPOUNDS.
Burning carbon and oxygen.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe reaction of carbon with oxygen.
Teacher demonstration- Prepare oxygen and pass dry oxygen into a tube containing carbon. Heat the carbon. Observe effects on limewater.
Carbon, limewater, tube, limewater stand& Bunsen burner.
K.L.B. BOOK II PP. 134-135
10 3-4
CARBON AND SOME OF ITS COMPOUNDS.
Reduction properties of carbon.
Reaction of carbon with acids. Preparation of CO2.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe reduction properties of carbon.
Show reduction properties of carbon.
Describe reaction of carbon with acids.




Prepare CO2 in the lab.
Teacher demonstration ? Burn strongly a mixture of carbon and CuO on a bottle top.
Observe colour changes and give underlying explanation
Teacher demonstration- reaction of carbon with hot conc HNO3.
Write balanced equations for the reaction.

Review effects of heat on carbonates.
Group experiments/teacher demonstration- preparation of CO2.
CuO, pounded charcoal, Bunsen burner& bottle top
Conc. HNO3, limewater.
K.L.B. BOOK II P.126
K.L.B. BOOK II P.126
10 5
CARBON AND SOME OF ITS COMPOUNDS.
Properties of CO2.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe properties of CO2
Simple experiments to determine properties of CO2.

Discuss the observations.
Lime water,
Magnesium ribbon,
Universal indicator,
lit candle.
K.L.B. BOOK II PP.138-139
11 1
CARBON AND SOME OF ITS COMPOUNDS.
Chemical equations for reactions involving CO2.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Write balanced CO2.
Give examples of reactions. Write corresponding balanced chemical equations.
text book
K.L.B. BOOK II PP.139-140
11 2
CARBON AND SOME OF ITS COMPOUNDS.
Uses of CO2.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
State uses of CO2
Discuss briefly the uses of CO2.
text book
K.L.B. BOOK II PP.140-1
11 3-4
CARBON AND SOME OF ITS COMPOUNDS.
Carbon monoxide lab preparation.
Chemical properties of carbon monoxide.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To describe preparation of carbon monoxide in the lab
To describe chemical properties of carbon monoxide.
Teacher demonstration: preparation of carbon monoxide in the lab.
Make observations.
Description of properties of carbon monoxide.
Discussion and writing of chemical equations.
text book
K.L.B. BOOK II PP. 142-143
K.L.B. BOOK II PP. 144-145
11 5
CARBON AND SOME OF ITS COMPOUNDS.
Carbonates and hydrogen carbonates.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To write chemical equations for reactions of carbonates and hydrogen carbonates with acids.
Discuss the observations above.
Write chemical equations for the reactions.
text book
K.L.B. BOOK II
12 1
CARBON AND SOME OF ITS COMPOUNDS.
Heating carbonates and hydrogen carbonates.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To write equations for reaction of carbonates and hydrogen carbonates on heating.
Discuss the above observations.
Write corresponding balanced equations.
text book
K.L.B. BOOK II PP.150-151
12 2
CARBON AND SOME OF ITS COMPOUNDS.
Extraction of sodium carbonate from trona.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To draw schematic diagram for extraction of sodium carbonates.
Discuss each step of the process.
Write relevant equations.
text book
K.L.B. BOOK II PP. 153-157
12 3-4
CARBON AND SOME OF ITS COMPOUNDS.
Solvay process of preparing sodium carbonate.
Importance of carbon in nature. & its effects on the environment.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To draw schematic diagram for extraction of sodium carbonates.
To discuss: - Importance of carbon in nature.
&
Effects of carbon on the environment.
Discuss each step of the process.

Write relevant equations.
Discuss the carbon cycle and processes that increase/ reduce amount of CO2 in the air.
Uses of CO2 in soft drinks and fire extinguishers.
text book, chart
K.L.B. BOOK II
K.L.B. BOOK II PP.157-158
12 5
CARBON AND SOME OF ITS COMPOUNDS.
Importance of carbon in nature. & its effects on the environment.
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
To discuss: - Importance of carbon in nature.
&
Effects of carbon on the environment.
Discuss the carbon cycle and processes that increase/ reduce amount of CO2 in the air.
Uses of CO2 in soft drinks and fire extinguishers.
text book
K.L.B. BOOK II PP.157-158

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