Numbers

Rates, Ratios, Proportion and Percentages - Identifying rates

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Identify rates in different situations
-Recognize rates as quotients of different units
-Show interest in learning about rates

-Using a mobile phone, note the amount of airtime available
-Make calls and check the airtime used
-Compare different call rates from service providers

How do we use rates in real life situations?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 36
-Mobile phones (if available)
-Rate charts

-Observation -Oral questions -Written assignments

Numbers

Rates, Ratios, Proportion and Percentages - Working out rates

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Work out rates in real life situations
-Apply rates in problem-solving
-Value the importance of rates in daily life

-Find cost per unit for various items
-Calculate rates for different quantities
-Solve real-life problems involving rates

How do we calculate rates?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 37
-Rate charts
-Digital resources

-Observation -Oral questions -Written tests

Numbers

Rates, Ratios, Proportion and Percentages - Working out rates
Rates, Ratios, Proportion and Percentages - Expressing fractions as ratios

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Work out rates in real life situations
-Apply rates in problem-solving
-Value the importance of rates in daily life

-Express fractions as ratios in real life situations
-Convert between fractions and ratios
-Show interest in the relationship between fractions and ratios

-Find cost per unit for various items
-Calculate rates for different quantities
-Solve real-life problems involving rates

-Use cut-outs to relate fractions to ratios
-Express fractions in the form a:b
-Solve problems involving conversion between fractions and ratios

How do we calculate rates?
How do we use ratios in daily activities?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 37
-Rate charts
-Digital resources

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 39
-Fraction models
-Digital resources

-Observation -Oral questions -Written tests
-Observation -Oral questions -Written assignments

Numbers

Rates, Ratios, Proportion and Percentages - Comparing two ratios

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Compare two ratios in different situations
-Determine which ratio is greater
-Appreciate the importance of comparing ratios

-Use strips of paper to compare ratios
-Express ratios as fractions with common denominators
-Compare numerators to determine the greater ratio

How do we compare ratios?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 41
-Paper strips
-Digital resources

-Observation -Oral questions -Written tests

Numbers

Rates, Ratios, Proportion and Percentages - Comparing three ratios

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Compare three ratios in different situations
-Arrange ratios in order of magnitude
-Show interest in comparing multiple ratios

-Write ratios as fractions with common denominators
-Compare numerators to arrange ratios
-Solve problems involving multiple ratios

How do we compare multiple ratios?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 43
-Ratio charts
-Digital resources

-Observation -Oral questions -Written assignments

Numbers

Rates, Ratios, Proportion and Percentages - Dividing quantities in given ratios

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Divide quantities in given ratios
-Apply ratio division in real-life situations
-Value fair division of resources

-Discuss and share quantities of concrete objects in different ratios
-Divide a quantity into parts proportional to the ratio
-Solve real-life problems involving division in a ratio

How do we divide quantities in a given ratio?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 46
-Concrete objects
-Digital resources

-Observation -Oral questions -Written tests

Numbers

Rates, Ratios, Proportion and Percentages - Dividing quantities in given ratios
Rates, Ratios, Proportion and Percentages - Working out ratios

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Divide quantities in given ratios
-Apply ratio division in real-life situations
-Value fair division of resources

-Work out ratios in different situations
-Find the ratio between two quantities
-Show interest in expressing quantities as ratios

-Discuss and share quantities of concrete objects in different ratios
-Divide a quantity into parts proportional to the ratio
-Solve real-life problems involving division in a ratio

-Find the ratio between two given quantities
-Express quantities in simplest ratio form
-Solve problems involving ratios

How do we divide quantities in a given ratio?
How do we express quantities as ratios?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 46
-Concrete objects
-Digital resources

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 48
-Ratio charts
-Digital resources

-Observation -Oral questions -Written tests
-Observation -Oral questions -Written assignments

Numbers

Rates, Ratios, Proportion and Percentages - Ratio increase

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Work out increase of quantities using ratios
-Apply ratio increase in real-life situations
-Value the importance of ratios in quantity changes

-Increase quantities in given ratios
-Find quantities after ratio increases
-Solve real-life problems involving ratio increases

How do we use ratios to increase quantities?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 50
-Ratio charts
-Digital resources

-Observation -Oral questions -Written tests

Numbers

Rates, Ratios, Proportion and Percentages - Ratio decrease

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Work out decrease of quantities using ratios
-Apply ratio decrease in real-life situations
-Show interest in ratio applications

-Decrease quantities in given ratios
-Find quantities after ratio decreases
-Solve real-life problems involving ratio decreases

How do we use ratios to decrease quantities?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 51
-Ratio charts
-Digital resources

-Observation -Oral questions -Written assignments

Numbers

Rates, Ratios, Proportion and Percentages - Percentage change

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Work out percentage change of given quantities
-Calculate percentage increase and decrease
-Appreciate percentage change in real-life contexts

-Discuss and determine percentage increase and decrease
-Calculate percentage change using formulas
-Solve real-life problems involving percentage change

How do we calculate percentage change?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 52
-Percentage charts
-Digital resources

-Observation -Oral questions -Written tests

Numbers

Rates, Ratios, Proportion and Percentages - Percentage change
Rates, Ratios, Proportion and Percentages - Direct proportion

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Work out percentage change of given quantities
-Calculate percentage increase and decrease
-Appreciate percentage change in real-life contexts

-Identify direct proportions in real life situations
-Recognize when quantities vary in the same ratio
-Show interest in proportional relationships

-Discuss and determine percentage increase and decrease
-Calculate percentage change using formulas
-Solve real-life problems involving percentage change

-Role play shopping activities to show direct relationships
-Identify when quantities increase or decrease in the same ratio
-Create tables of directly proportional quantities

How do we calculate percentage change?
How do we identify direct proportion?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 52
-Percentage charts
-Digital resources

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 53
-Proportion charts
-Digital resources

-Observation -Oral questions -Written tests
-Observation -Oral questions -Written assignments

Numbers

Rates, Ratios, Proportion and Percentages - Working out direct proportions

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Work out direct proportions in real life situations
-Apply direct proportion in problem-solving
-Value the importance of direct proportion

-Complete tables of directly proportional quantities
-Calculate unknown values using direct proportion
-Solve real-life problems involving direct proportion

How do we calculate using direct proportion?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 54
-Proportion charts
-Digital resources

-Observation -Oral questions -Written tests

Numbers

Rates, Ratios, Proportion and Percentages - Indirect proportion

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Identify indirect proportions in real life situations
-Recognize when products of quantities remain constant
-Show interest in inverse relationships

-Use hourglass to show indirect relationships
-Identify when one quantity increases as another decreases
-Create tables of indirectly proportional quantities

How do we identify indirect proportion?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 54
-Hourglass (if available)
-Digital resources

-Observation -Oral questions -Written assignments

Numbers

Rates, Ratios, Proportion and Percentages - Working out indirect proportions

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Work out indirect proportions in real life situations
-Apply indirect proportion in problem-solving
-Appreciate the concept of inverse relationship

-Complete tables of indirectly proportional quantities
-Calculate unknown values using indirect proportion
-Solve real-life problems involving indirect proportion

How do we calculate using indirect proportion?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 55
-Proportion charts
-Digital resources

-Observation -Oral questions -Written tests

Numbers
Algebra

Rates, Ratios, Proportion and Percentages - Working out indirect proportions
Algebraic Expressions - Factorization of algebraic expressions

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Work out indirect proportions in real life situations
-Apply indirect proportion in problem-solving
-Appreciate the concept of inverse relationship

-Identify like terms in algebraic expressions
-Find the highest common factor of terms in expressions
-Show interest in learning algebraic expressions

-Complete tables of indirectly proportional quantities
-Calculate unknown values using indirect proportion
-Solve real-life problems involving indirect proportion

-Discuss and identify like and unlike terms in expressions
-Find the highest common factor of terms in algebraic expressions
-Write algebraic expressions for real-life situations

How do we calculate using indirect proportion?
How do we factorize algebraic expressions?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 55
-Proportion charts
-Digital resources

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 56
-Algebra tiles
-Digital resources

-Observation -Oral questions -Written tests
-Observation -Oral questions -Written assignments

Algebra

Algebraic Expressions - Factorization using the HCF

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Factorize algebraic expressions using the HCF
-Express algebraic expressions as a product of factors
-Value the importance of factorization

-Write expressions as a product of the highest common factor and the other factor
-Practice factorizing different algebraic expressions
-Use factorization to solve problems

How do we factorize algebraic expressions?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 57
-Algebra tiles
-Digital resources

-Observation -Oral questions -Written tests

Algebra

Algebraic Expressions - Addition and subtraction of algebraic fractions

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Add algebraic fractions
-Subtract algebraic fractions
-Show interest in working with algebraic fractions

-Discuss and use the correct methods to add algebraic fractions
-Find the LCM of denominators in algebraic fractions
-Practice addition and subtraction of algebraic fractions

How do we simplify algebraic expressions?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 58
-Algebra charts
-Digital resources

-Observation -Oral questions -Written assignments

Algebra

Algebraic Expressions - Simplification of algebraic fractions by factorization

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Simplify algebraic fractions by factorization
-Use factorization to simplify complex fractions
-Appreciate the use of factorization in simplification

-Write numerator and denominator as products of factors
-Identify and cancel common factors
-Simplify algebraic fractions using factorization

How do we simplify algebraic fractions?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 59
-Algebra charts
-Digital resources

-Observation -Oral questions -Written tests

Algebra

Algebraic Expressions - Simplification of algebraic fractions by factorization
Algebraic Expressions - Evaluating algebraic expressions

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Simplify algebraic fractions by factorization
-Use factorization to simplify complex fractions
-Appreciate the use of factorization in simplification

-Evaluate algebraic expressions by substituting values
-Apply substitution to solve problems
-Show interest in evaluating expressions

-Write numerator and denominator as products of factors
-Identify and cancel common factors
-Simplify algebraic fractions using factorization

-Discuss how to substitute given numerical values in expressions
-Practice evaluating expressions with given values
-Apply substitution to real-life situations

How do we simplify algebraic fractions?
How do we evaluate algebraic expressions?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 59
-Algebra charts
-Digital resources

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 60
-Algebra charts
-Digital resources

-Observation -Oral questions -Written tests
-Observation -Oral questions -Written assignments

Algebra

Algebraic Expressions - Applications of algebraic expressions

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Apply algebraic expressions in real-life situations
-Form expressions from word problems
-Value the importance of algebraic expressions

-Form algebraic expressions from real-life situations
-Evaluate expressions for given values
-Use IT to practice algebraic expressions

How do we apply algebraic expressions in real life?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 61
-Digital resources
-Internet access

-Observation -Oral questions -Written tests

Algebra

Linear Equations - Forming linear equations in two unknowns

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Form linear equations in two unknowns
-Translate word problems into equations
-Show interest in linear equations

-Role play activities such as shopping on two different items to form linear equations
-Represent price of items using letters
-Form equations from real-life situations

How do we solve linear equations in two unknowns?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 62
-Shop setup materials
-Digital resources

-Observation -Oral questions -Written assignments

Algebra

Linear Equations - Forming related linear equations

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Form related linear equations in two unknowns
-Create simultaneous equations from real-life situations
-Value the use of equations in problem-solving

-Set up a demonstration shop with two different improvised items
-Relate amounts spent to total amounts
-Form simultaneous equations from given scenarios

Where do we use linear equations in two unknowns in real life situations?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 64
-Shop setup materials
-Digital resources

-Observation -Oral questions -Written tests

Algebra

Linear Equations - Forming related linear equations
Linear Equations - Solving linear equations by substitution method

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Form related linear equations in two unknowns
-Create simultaneous equations from real-life situations
-Value the use of equations in problem-solving

-Solve linear equations using substitution method
-Apply the method to solve simultaneous equations
-Show interest in using substitution method

-Set up a demonstration shop with two different improvised items
-Relate amounts spent to total amounts
-Form simultaneous equations from given scenarios

-Express one unknown in terms of the other
-Substitute the expression in the other equation
-Practice solving equations using substitution method

Where do we use linear equations in two unknowns in real life situations?
How do we solve linear equations in two unknowns?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 64
-Shop setup materials
-Digital resources

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 66
-Equation charts
-Digital resources

-Observation -Oral questions -Written tests
-Observation -Oral questions -Written assignments

Algebra

Linear Equations - More on substitution method

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Apply substitution method to various equations
-Solve complex simultaneous equations
-Appreciate the substitution method

-Solve different types of linear equations using substitution
-Apply substitution method to practical problems
-Compare solutions with other methods

How do we apply substitution method to different equations?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 67
-Equation charts
-Digital resources

-Observation -Oral questions -Written tests

Algebra

Linear Equations - Solving linear equations by elimination method

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Solve linear equations using elimination method
-Apply the method to solve simultaneous equations
-Show interest in using elimination method

-Multiply equations by suitable numbers to make coefficients equal
-Eliminate one unknown by addition or subtraction
-Practice solving equations using elimination method

How do we solve linear equations by elimination?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 68
-Equation charts
-Digital resources

-Observation -Oral questions -Written assignments

Algebra

Linear Equations - More on elimination method

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Apply elimination method to various equations
-Solve complex simultaneous equations
-Appreciate the elimination method

-Solve different types of linear equations using elimination
-Apply elimination method to practical problems
-Compare elimination with substitution method

When do we prefer elimination over substitution?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 70
-Equation charts
-Digital resources

-Observation -Oral questions -Written tests

Algebra

Linear Equations - More on elimination method
Linear Equations - Applying linear equations in real-life situations

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Apply elimination method to various equations
-Solve complex simultaneous equations
-Appreciate the elimination method

-Apply linear equations to real-life situations
-Solve word problems using simultaneous equations
-Recognize use of linear equations in real life

-Solve different types of linear equations using elimination
-Apply elimination method to practical problems
-Compare elimination with substitution method

-Practice forming and solving simultaneous equations from real-life cases
-Apply appropriate methods to solve problems
-Watch videos involving linear equations in real life

When do we prefer elimination over substitution?
Where do we use linear equations in real life situations?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 70
-Equation charts
-Digital resources

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 70
-Internet access
-Digital resources

-Observation -Oral questions -Written tests
-Observation -Oral questions -Problem-solving tasks

Measurements

Circles - Working out the circumference of a circle

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Work out the circumference of a circle
-Apply the formula for circumference in calculations
-Show interest in learning about circles

-Wrap a paper strip around a cylinder and mark the start and end points
-Measure the distance between the marked points
-Calculate circumference using the formula C = πd
-Solve real-life problems involving circumference

How do we determine the circumference of a circle?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 71
-Circular objects
-Measuring tape or ruler

-Observation -Oral questions -Written assignments

Measurements

Circles - Working out the circumference of circles in real life

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Apply knowledge of circumference in real-life contexts
-Calculate the circumference of circular objects
-Value the importance of circles in everyday life

-Discuss and find the circumference of different circular objects in the environment
-Measure diameter and calculate circumference
-Solve real-life problems involving circumference

How do we use circles in real life situations?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 73
-Circular objects
-Digital resources

-Observation -Oral questions -Written tests

Measurements

Circles - Working out the length of an arc

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Work out the length of an arc of a circle
-Apply the formula for arc length in calculations
-Show interest in arc lengths

-Draw a circle and cut it out
-Fold the cut-out into four equal parts
-Relate the arc length to the circumference
-Calculate arc length using the formula
-Use cut-outs to relate arc length to the circumference

How do we determine the length of an arc of a circle?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 73
-Paper
-Pair of compasses

-Observation -Oral questions -Written assignments

Measurements

Circles - Working out the length of an arc
Circles - Working out the length of an arc in real life

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Work out the length of an arc of a circle
-Apply the formula for arc length in calculations
-Show interest in arc lengths

-Apply knowledge of arc length in real-life contexts
-Calculate arc lengths in various scenarios
-Appreciate the use of arcs in daily life

-Draw a circle and cut it out
-Fold the cut-out into four equal parts
-Relate the arc length to the circumference
-Calculate arc length using the formula
-Use cut-outs to relate arc length to the circumference

-Calculate arc lengths for different angles
-Solve real-life problems involving arc lengths
-Discuss practical applications of arc lengths

How do we determine the length of an arc of a circle?
How do we use arcs in real life situations?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 73
-Paper
-Pair of compasses

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 74
-Circular objects
-Protractors

-Observation -Oral questions -Written assignments
-Observation -Oral questions -Written tests

Measurements

Circles - Calculating the perimeter of a sector

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Calculate the perimeter of a sector of a circle
-Apply the formula for sector perimeter
-Show interest in using sectors

-Draw a circle and cut out the circle along its boundary
-Fold the circular cut-out into four equal parts and cut out one part
-Calculate the arc length of the sector
-Add the sum of the two radii to the arc length
-Determine the perimeter of the sector

How do we use sectors of a circle in real life situations?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 75
-Paper
-Pair of compasses
-Scissors

-Observation -Oral questions -Written assignments

Measurements

Area - Calculating the area of a circle

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Calculate the area of a circle
-Apply the formula for area of a circle
-Value the importance of circular areas

-Draw a circle on a graph paper
-Estimate its area by counting squares
-Calculate area using the formula A = πr²
-Compare the estimated and calculated areas

How do we use area in real life situations?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 77
-Graph paper
-Pair of compasses

-Observation -Oral questions -Written assignments

Measurements

Area - Working out the area of a circle in real life

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Apply knowledge of circular area in real-life contexts
-Calculate areas of circular objects
-Show interest in circular areas

-Discuss and work out areas of different circles
-Measure radius and calculate area
-Solve real-life problems involving circular area

How do we apply knowledge of circular area?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 79
-Circular objects
-Measuring tools

-Observation -Oral questions -Written tests

Measurements

Area - Working out the area of a circle in real life
Area - Working out the area of a sector

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Apply knowledge of circular area in real-life contexts
-Calculate areas of circular objects
-Show interest in circular areas

-Calculate the area of a sector of a circle
-Apply the formula for sector area
-Appreciate sectors in everyday objects

-Discuss and work out areas of different circles
-Measure radius and calculate area
-Solve real-life problems involving circular area

-Use cut-outs of sectors from locally available materials
-Express the angle of sector as a fraction of 360°
-Calculate sector area using the formula
-Relate the angle of the sector to the area of the circle

How do we apply knowledge of circular area?
How do we calculate the area of a sector?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 79
-Circular objects
-Measuring tools

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 80
-Paper
-Pair of compasses
-Protractors

-Observation -Oral questions -Written tests
-Observation -Oral questions -Written assignments

Measurements

Area - Working out the area of a sector in real life

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Apply knowledge of sector area in real-life contexts
-Calculate sector areas in various scenarios
-Show interest in sector applications

-Calculate sector areas for different angles
-Solve real-life problems involving sector areas
-Discuss practical applications of sectors

How do we use sectors in real life?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 81
-Sector models
-Protractors

-Observation -Oral questions -Written tests

Measurements

Area - Working out the surface area of cubes

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Work out the surface area of cubes
-Apply the formula for cube surface area
-Value the importance of surface area

-Use a model of a cube to identify faces
-Measure edges and calculate face areas
-Find the sum of areas of all faces
-Apply the formula for cube surface area

How do we calculate the surface area of a cube?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 82
-Cube models
-Measuring tools

-Observation -Oral questions -Written assignments

Measurements

Area - Working out the surface area of cuboids

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Work out the surface area of cuboids
-Apply the formula for cuboid surface area
-Show interest in cuboid measurements

-Use a model of a cuboid to identify faces
-Identify pairs of faces with equal dimensions
-Calculate area of each pair of faces
-Apply the formula for cuboid surface area

How do we calculate the surface area of a cuboid?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 84
-Cuboid models
-Measuring tools

-Observation -Oral questions -Written assignments

Measurements

Area - Working out the surface area of cuboids
Area - Working out the surface area of cylinders

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Work out the surface area of cuboids
-Apply the formula for cuboid surface area
-Show interest in cuboid measurements

-Work out the surface area of cylinders
-Apply the formula for cylinder surface area
-Appreciate cylinders in everyday life

-Use a model of a cuboid to identify faces
-Identify pairs of faces with equal dimensions
-Calculate area of each pair of faces
-Apply the formula for cuboid surface area

-Make a paper model of a cylinder
-Open the model to identify faces
-Calculate area of circular ends and curved face
-Apply the formula for cylinder surface area

How do we calculate the surface area of a cuboid?
How do we calculate the surface area of a cylinder?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 84
-Cuboid models
-Measuring tools

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 86
-Cylindrical objects
-Paper
-Scissors

-Observation -Oral questions -Written assignments
-Observation -Oral questions -Written tests

Measurements

Area - Working out the surface area of triangular prisms

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Determine the surface area of triangular prisms
-Apply the formula for triangular prism surface area
-Show interest in prism measurements

-Use a model of triangular prism to identify faces
-Calculate areas of triangular faces and rectangular faces
-Find the sum of all face areas
-Apply the formula for triangular prism surface area

How do we calculate the surface area of a triangular prism?

-KLB Grade 8 Mathematics pg. 87
-Triangular prism models
-Measuring tools

-Observation -Oral questions -Written assignments