COMMUNICATION IN PRE-TECHNICAL STUDIES

Visual Programming - Explaining application areas of visual programming

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- explain the meaning of visual programming.
- identify application areas of visual programming software.
- appreciate the role of visual programming in solving problems.

The learner is guided to:
- discuss the meaning of the terms 'visual programming', 'mobile programming', and 'web development'.
- engage a resource person on the application areas of visual programming software in mobile programming and web development.
- discuss the responses given by the resource person.

How is visual programming software applied in solving problems?

Digital devices, reference materials, productivity tools, visual programming software
KLB Pre-Tech Studies Grade 9
P.B pg. 66

Rating scales, rubrics, questionnaires, projects, journals, portfolios, oral questions

COMMUNICATION IN PRE-TECHNICAL STUDIES

Visual Programming - Explaining application areas of visual programming
Visual Programming - Developing interactive stories

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- identify various application areas of visual programming software.
- explain how visual programming is used in different fields.
- value the role of visual programming in solving problems.

- implement interactive elements in a story using coding blocks.
- add text and timing elements to an interactive story.
- appreciate the logical structure needed in storytelling.

The learner is guided to:
- discuss other application areas of visual programming software.
- use print or digital media to search for more information on the application areas of visual programming.
- summarize points on application areas of visual programming software in solving problems.
The learner is guided to:
- select, drag, and drop coding blocks for developing the interactive story.
- enter lines of text for the interactive story.
- set timings to be used when running the interactive story.

How is visual programming software applied in solving problems?
How can text and timing be incorporated into an interactive story?

Digital devices, reference materials, productivity tools, visual programming software
KLB Pre-Tech Studies Grade 9
P.B pg. 67
Digital devices, visual programming software, computer hardware, manila papers
KLB Pre-Tech Studies Grade 9
P.B pg. 74

Rating scales, rubrics, questionnaires, projects, journals, portfolios, oral questions

COMMUNICATION IN PRE-TECHNICAL STUDIES

Visual Programming - Developing interactive stories
Visual Programming - Developing games using visual programming

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- complete an interactive story using visual programming software.
- test and debug the interactive story.
- value the importance of user experience in interactive content.

The learner is guided to:
- complete the development of their interactive story.
- run the code to test the interactive story.
- debug and improve the story based on testing.
- save and share the interactive story with peers.

How can interactive stories be tested, improved, and shared?

Digital devices, visual programming software, computer hardware, manila papers
KLB Pre-Tech Studies Grade 9
P.B pg. 75
P.B pg. 76

Rating scales, rubrics, questionnaires, projects, journals, portfolios, oral questions

COMMUNICATION IN PRE-TECHNICAL STUDIES

Visual Programming - Developing games using visual programming

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- describe the process of developing games using visual programming.
- plan a game using visual programming software.
- value the importance of planning in game development.

The learner is guided to:
- discuss the procedure for developing a game using visual programming software.
- plan a game by outlining game mechanics, characters, and scoring system.
- begin implementing the game by selecting appropriate sprites and backdrops.

What elements are needed to develop a game using visual programming?

Digital devices, visual programming software, computer hardware, manila papers
KLB Pre-Tech Studies Grade 9
P.B pg. 77

Rating scales, rubrics, questionnaires, projects, journals, portfolios, oral questions

COMMUNICATION IN PRE-TECHNICAL STUDIES

Visual Programming - Developing games using visual programming

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- implement game mechanics using coding blocks.
- create variables and set points for the game.
- appreciate the logical thinking required in game development.

- complete a game using visual programming software.
- test and debug the game.
- value the importance of user testing in game development.

The learner is guided to:
- select, drag, and drop coding blocks for developing the game.
- create variables for tracking game state and score.
- set points and rewards for the game.
The learner is guided to:
- complete the development of their game.
- run the code to test the game.
- debug and improve the game based on testing.
- save and share the game with peers.

How can variables and scoring systems be implemented in a game?
How can games be tested, improved, and shared?

Digital devices, visual programming software, computer hardware, manila papers
KLB Pre-Tech Studies Grade 9
P.B pg. 78
Digital devices, visual programming software, computer hardware, manila papers
KLB Pre-Tech Studies Grade 9
P.B pg. 79

Rating scales, rubrics, questionnaires, projects, journals, portfolios, oral questions

COMMUNICATION IN PRE-TECHNICAL STUDIES

Visual Programming - Embracing the use of visual programming

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- explain the benefits of visual programming in day-to-day life.
- develop a practical application using visual programming.
- appreciate the role of visual programming in problem-solving.

The learner is guided to:
- use the knowledge and skills learned to develop a simple calculator application.
- plan the calculator application, including interface and functionality.
- begin implementing the calculator application using visual programming software.

How can visual programming be used to solve problems in day-to-day life?

Digital devices, visual programming software, computer hardware, manila papers
KLB Pre-Tech Studies Grade 9
P.B pg. 80

Rating scales, rubrics, questionnaires, projects, journals, portfolios, oral questions

COMMUNICATION IN PRE-TECHNICAL STUDIES

Visual Programming - Embracing the use of visual programming

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- complete a practical application using visual programming.
- discuss the benefits of visual programming in solving real-world problems.
- value the importance of programming skills in the modern world.

The learner is guided to:
- complete the development of their calculator application.
- test and debug the calculator application.
- save and share the application with peers, teachers, parents, or guardians.
- discuss the benefits of visual programming in day-to-day life.

How does visual programming enhance problem-solving skills?

Digital devices, visual programming software, computer hardware, manila papers
KLB Pre-Tech Studies Grade 9
P.B pg. 81

Rating scales, rubrics, questionnaires, projects, journals, portfolios, oral questions

MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION

Wood - Classifying wood according to physical characteristics

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- explain the meaning of wood.
- identify the physical characteristics of wood.
- appreciate the value of wood as a natural resource.

- identify the physical characteristics of trees.
- classify trees as either softwood or hardwood.
- value the importance of sustainable use of wood resources.

The learner is guided to:
- use print or digital media to search for the meaning of the term 'wood'.
- take a walk in the locality to observe trees and their characteristics.
- observe the leaves of different trees.
- ask people about different types of trees in the locality.
The learner is guided to:
- discuss the characteristics of trees based on observations.
- create a checklist for the identification of trees as softwood or hardwood.
- visit a workplace where wood is used to make items.
- observe the color of different types of wood.

How is wood classified according to physical characteristics?

Photographs, realia, digital devices, practical workplaces, wood samples
KLB Pre-Tech Studies Grade 9
P.B pg. 83
Photographs, realia, digital devices, practical workplaces, wood samples
KLB Pre-Tech Studies Grade 9
P.B pg. 84

Written questions, oral questions, observation, portfolio

MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION

Wood - Classifying wood according to physical characteristics

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- compare the weight of different types of wood.
- classify wood as either softwood or hardwood based on physical characteristics.
- appreciate the diverse properties of different wood types.

The learner is guided to:
- use a saw to cut equal pieces of wood with the guidance of a worker.
- compare the weight of pieces of the same size.
- engage with workers on other differences between softwood and hardwood.
- discuss the physical characteristics of wood.

What are the physical characteristics used to differentiate softwood from hardwood?

Photographs, realia, digital devices, practical workplaces, wood samples
KLB Pre-Tech Studies Grade 9
P.B pg. 85
P.B pg. 86

Written questions, oral questions, observation, portfolio

MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION

Wood - Describing the preparation of wood for use

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- explain the meaning of wood preparation.
- describe the preparation process of wood for use in a workplace.
- appreciate the importance of proper wood preparation.

The learner is guided to:
- use print and digital media to search for the meaning of the terms: wood preparation, wood conversion, wood seasoning.
- request a resource person to explain the wood preparation process.
- discuss what happens in the wood preparation process.

How is wood prepared for use in a workplace?

Photographs, realia, digital devices, practical workplaces, wood samples
KLB Pre-Tech Studies Grade 9
P.B pg. 87

Written questions, oral questions, observation, portfolio

MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION

Wood - Describing the preparation of wood for use

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- describe the methods of wood conversion.
- identify tools used in wood conversion.
- value the importance of proper wood conversion techniques.

- describe the methods of wood seasoning.
- compare natural and artificial wood seasoning methods.
- appreciate the importance of proper wood seasoning.

The learner is guided to:
- listen to a resource person explain methods of wood conversion.
- discuss the methods of wood conversion.
- identify different types of tools used in wood conversion.
The learner is guided to:
- listen to a resource person explain methods of wood seasoning.
- discuss the methods of wood seasoning.
- compare and contrast natural and artificial seasoning methods.

What methods are used in wood conversion?
What methods are used in wood seasoning?

Photographs, realia, digital devices, practical workplaces, wood samples
KLB Pre-Tech Studies Grade 9
P.B pg. 88
Photographs, realia, digital devices, practical workplaces, wood samples
KLB Pre-Tech Studies Grade 9
P.B pg. 89

Written questions, oral questions, observation, portfolio

MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION

Wood - Describing the preparation of wood for use

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- explain the full process of wood preparation.
- describe the importance of each step in wood preparation.
- value the importance of proper wood preparation techniques.

The learner is guided to:
- discuss other methods of wood conversion and seasoning.
- create a flowchart showing the process of wood preparation.
- summarize points on the preparation of wood for use in a workplace.

Why is proper wood preparation important for its use in a workplace?

Photographs, realia, digital devices, practical workplaces, wood samples
KLB Pre-Tech Studies Grade 9
P.B pg. 90

Written questions, oral questions, observation, portfolio

MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION

Wood - Relating types of wood to their uses

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- identify items made from different types of wood.
- match wood types to appropriate uses.
- appreciate the versatility of wood as a material.

The learner is guided to:
- visit a workplace in the locality where wood is used to make items.
- identify items made from different types of wood.
- ask the workers about the items made from different types of wood.

How are different types of wood used in various workplaces?

Photographs, realia, digital devices, practical workplaces, wood samples
KLB Pre-Tech Studies Grade 9
P.B pg. 91

Written questions, oral questions, observation, portfolio

MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION

Wood - Relating types of wood to their uses
Wood - Valuing the importance of wood in day-to-day life

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- explain the relationship between wood properties and their uses.
- match specific wood types to appropriate applications.
- appreciate the importance of selecting appropriate wood for specific uses.

- identify various uses of wood in daily life.
- explain the importance of wood in different sectors.
- appreciate the role of wood in human development.

The learner is guided to:
- discuss observations and responses from the workers.
- analyze why certain types of wood are preferred for specific uses.
- discuss other uses of different types of wood.
The learner is guided to:
- take a walk around the school to identify items made from wood.
- discuss the importance of the wooden items in day-to-day life.
- develop a chart to match different types of wood to their uses.

How do the properties of wood determine its uses?
Why is wood an important material in day-to-day life?

Photographs, realia, digital devices, practical workplaces, wood samples
KLB Pre-Tech Studies Grade 9
P.B pg. 92
Photographs, realia, digital devices, practical workplaces, wood samples
KLB Pre-Tech Studies Grade 9
P.B pg. 93

Written questions, oral questions, observation, portfolio

MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION

Wood - Valuing the importance of wood in day-to-day life
Hazardous Materials - Identifying waste materials in the environment

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- explain the importance of wood in different industries.
- create presentations about the importance of wood.
- value the need for sustainable use of wood resources.

The learner is guided to:
- make a presentation to promote the use of different types of trees.
- discuss the importance of nurturing tree nurseries.
- develop strategies for conservation of trees in their locality.

How can we promote sustainable use of wood resources?

Photographs, realia, digital devices, practical workplaces, wood samples
KLB Pre-Tech Studies Grade 9
P.B pg. 94
Photographs, realia, digital devices, waste materials, charts
P.B pg. 95

Written questions, oral questions, observation, portfolio

MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION

Hazardous Materials - Identifying waste materials in the environment

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- classify waste materials into different categories.
- identify potential hazards associated with various waste materials.
- value the importance of proper waste identification.

The learner is guided to:
- discuss the waste materials collected.
- discuss other waste materials found in the environment.
- group the waste materials according to their type.
- summarize points about waste materials found in the environment.

How can waste materials be classified?

Photographs, realia, digital devices, waste materials, charts
KLB Pre-Tech Studies Grade 9
P.B pg. 96

Written questions, oral questions, observation, portfolio

MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION

Hazardous Materials - Describing ways of handling waste materials safely

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- explain the meaning of handling waste materials.
- identify safe practices for handling waste materials.
- appreciate the importance of safe waste handling.

- describe various methods of safe waste handling.
- explain the importance of each waste handling method.
- value environmentally responsible waste management.

The learner is guided to:
- brainstorm on the meaning of the expression 'handling waste materials'.
- take a walk around the school compound to learn about how waste materials are handled.
- observe the way waste materials are handled.
- engage workers on how waste materials are handled safely.
The learner is guided to:
- discuss observations and responses given by workers.
- use available resources to search for more information on ways of handling waste materials safely.
- share findings with peers.
- summarize points on ways of handling waste materials safely in the environment.

How can waste materials be handled safely in the environment?
What are the recommended methods for safe waste handling?

Photographs, realia, digital devices, waste materials, charts
KLB Pre-Tech Studies Grade 9
P.B pg. 97
Photographs, realia, digital devices, waste materials, charts
KLB Pre-Tech Studies Grade 9
P.B pg. 98

Written questions, oral questions, observation, portfolio

MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION

Hazardous Materials - Disposing waste materials using appropriate methods

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- identify methods of disposing waste materials.
- explain the suitability of different disposal methods for various waste types.
- appreciate the importance of proper waste disposal.

The learner is guided to:
- engage a resource person on methods of disposing waste materials.
- discuss the steps to follow when disposing waste materials using different methods.
- observe the resource person demonstrating how to dispose of waste materials using different methods.

What methods are appropriate for disposing different types of waste materials?

Photographs, realia, digital devices, waste materials, charts
KLB Pre-Tech Studies Grade 9
P.B pg. 99

Written questions, oral questions, observation, portfolio

MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION

Hazardous Materials - Disposing waste materials using appropriate methods

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- demonstrate waste reduction techniques.
- implement waste reduction strategies.
- value the importance of waste reduction in environmental conservation.

The learner is guided to:
- practice how to reduce waste materials through various strategies (using electronic documents, durable products, reusable items).
- discuss the benefits of waste reduction.
- develop a waste reduction plan for school or home.

How can waste materials be reduced in our environment?

Photographs, realia, digital devices, waste materials, charts
KLB Pre-Tech Studies Grade 9
P.B pg. 100

Written questions, oral questions, observation, portfolio

MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION

Hazardous Materials - Disposing waste materials using appropriate methods

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- demonstrate proper waste sorting techniques.
- categorize waste materials for appropriate disposal.
- appreciate the importance of waste segregation.

- demonstrate waste reusing and recycling techniques.
- create useful items from waste materials.
- value the creative potential of waste materials.

The learner is guided to:
- practice sorting waste materials into different categories (hazardous, recyclable, compostable, burnable, electronic).
- discuss the importance of proper waste segregation.
- create waste sorting bins for different categories.
The learner is guided to:
- practice reusing waste materials (plastic bottles, old newspapers, fabric, containers).
- demonstrate recycling techniques for different waste materials.
- create useful items from waste materials.

How should waste materials be sorted for proper disposal?
How can waste materials be reused and recycled?

Photographs, realia, digital devices, waste materials, charts
KLB Pre-Tech Studies Grade 9
P.B pg. 102
Photographs, realia, digital devices, waste materials, charts
KLB Pre-Tech Studies Grade 9
P.B pg. 104

Written questions, oral questions, observation, portfolio

MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION

Hazardous Materials - Appreciating the need for proper handling of waste materials

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- explain the importance of proper waste handling.
- identify the consequences of improper waste management.
- value environmental stewardship.

The learner is guided to:
- brainstorm on the need for proper handling of waste materials in the environment.
- discuss the environmental and health impacts of improper waste disposal.
- develop a program to promote the practice of proper handling of waste materials.

Why is proper handling of waste materials important?

Photographs, realia, digital devices, waste materials, charts
KLB Pre-Tech Studies Grade 9
P.B pg. 108
P.B pg. 109

Written questions, oral questions, observation, portfolio

TOOLS AND PRODUCTION

Holding Tools - Identifying holding tools used in a workplace

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- explain the meaning of holding tools.
- identify different types of holding tools used in a workplace.
- appreciate the importance of holding tools in a workplace.

The learner is guided to:
- discuss the term 'holding tool'.
- take a gallery walk in a room with tools on display.
- handle tools with care and wear appropriate safety gear.
- pick one tool at a time and observe its features.

What types of holding tools are used in a workplace?

Pliers, clamps, vices, tongs, clips, photographs, digital devices
KLB Pre-Tech Studies Grade 9
P.B pg. 113

Oral tests, observation, checklist, written test, rubrics, practical work

TOOLS AND PRODUCTION

Holding Tools - Identifying holding tools used in a workplace
Holding Tools - Selecting holding tools for a given task

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- name different types of holding tools.
- describe the features of various holding tools.
- value the role of holding tools in a workplace.

- explain how to select appropriate holding tools for specific tasks.
- match different holding tools to their suitable tasks.
- appreciate the importance of using appropriate tools for specific tasks.

The learner is guided to:
- pick one tool at a time and name it.
- discuss the features of each tool.
- name other holding tools used in workplaces.
- summarize points on types of holding tools used in a workplace.
The learner is guided to:
- visit a workplace in the locality to learn about holding tools suitable for different tasks.
- observe the types of holding tools used for different tasks.
- ask the workers about the types of holding tools suitable for different tasks.

What types of holding tools are used in a workplace?
How are holding tools selected for specific tasks in a workplace?

Pliers, clamps, vices, tongs, clips, photographs, digital devices
KLB Pre-Tech Studies Grade 9
P.B pg. 114
Pliers, clamps, vices, tongs, clips, photographs, digital devices
KLB Pre-Tech Studies Grade 9
P.B pg. 116

Oral tests, observation, checklist, written test, rubrics, practical work

TOOLS AND PRODUCTION

Holding Tools - Selecting holding tools for a given task

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- explain the criteria for selecting appropriate holding tools.
- select the most suitable holding tool for a given task.
- value the importance of using the right tool for a job.

The learner is guided to:
- discuss observations and responses given by the workers.
- use visual aids to discuss other types of holding tools suitable for different tasks.
- summarize points on selecting holding tools suitable for different tasks in a workplace.

What factors determine the selection of holding tools for specific tasks?

Pliers, clamps, vices, tongs, clips, photographs, digital devices
KLB Pre-Tech Studies Grade 9
P.B pg. 117

Oral tests, observation, checklist, written test, rubrics, practical work

TOOLS AND PRODUCTION

Holding Tools - Using holding tools to perform a given task

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- explain the proper techniques for using holding tools.
- demonstrate the safe use of different holding tools.
- appreciate the importance of proper tool usage.

The learner is guided to:
- take one holding tool at a time.
- discuss the instructions on how to use the holding tool safely.
- observe the teacher demonstrating using a holding tool to perform a given task.
- practice how to use the holding tool to perform a given task.

How are holding tools used to perform tasks safely and effectively?

Pliers, clamps, vices, tongs, clips, photographs, digital devices
KLB Pre-Tech Studies Grade 9
P.B pg. 124

Oral tests, observation, checklist, written test, rubrics, practical work

TOOLS AND PRODUCTION

Holding Tools - Using holding tools to perform a given task
Holding Tools - Caring for holding tools

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- safely use various holding tools to perform tasks.
- troubleshoot common problems when using holding tools.
- value the importance of safety when using tools.

- explain the proper maintenance of holding tools.
- demonstrate proper cleaning and storage of holding tools.
- appreciate the importance of tool maintenance and care.

The learner is guided to:
- continue practicing how to use different holding tools to perform given tasks.
- discuss common problems encountered when using holding tools and how to solve them.
- summarize points on how to use holding tools to perform a task.
The learner is guided to:
- discuss the meaning of the phrase 'caring for holding tools'.
- select one holding tool at a time and discuss how to care for it.
- practice how to care for holding tools.
- summarize points on how to care for holding tools.

How are holding tools used to perform tasks safely and effectively?
How should holding tools be maintained and stored?

Pliers, clamps, vices, tongs, clips, photographs, digital devices
KLB Pre-Tech Studies Grade 9
P.B pg. 125
Pliers, clamps, vices, tongs, clips, photographs, digital devices
KLB Pre-Tech Studies Grade 9
P.B pg. 127

Oral tests, observation, checklist, written test, rubrics, practical work

TOOLS AND PRODUCTION

Holding Tools - Appreciating the importance of holding tools
Driving Tools - Identifying driving tools used in a workplace

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- explain the importance of holding tools in a workplace.
- identify various applications of holding tools.
- value the role of holding tools in improving work efficiency.

The learner is guided to:
- study the diagram showing the importance of holding tools.
- discuss the role of holding tools as shown in the diagram.
- discuss other roles of holding tools in a workplace.

Why are holding tools important in a workplace?

Pliers, clamps, vices, tongs, clips, photographs, digital devices
KLB Pre-Tech Studies Grade 9
P.B pg. 129
Hammers, screwdrivers, spanners, punches, mallets, photographs, digital devices
P.B pg. 133

Oral tests, observation, checklist, written test, rubrics, practical work

TOOLS AND PRODUCTION

Driving Tools - Identifying driving tools used in a workplace

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- name different types of driving tools.
- describe the features of various driving tools.
- value the role of driving tools in a workplace.

The learner is guided to:
- continue observing and naming different driving tools.
- discuss the features of various driving tools.
- name any other driving tools used in the workplace that may not be on display.
- summarize points on driving tools used in the workplace.

What types of driving tools are used in a workplace?

Hammers, screwdrivers, spanners, punches, mallets, photographs, digital devices
KLB Pre-Tech Studies Grade 9
P.B pg. 134

Oral tests, observation, checklist, written test, rubrics, practical work

TOOLS AND PRODUCTION

Driving Tools - Selecting driving tools for a given task

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- explain how to select appropriate driving tools for specific tasks.
- match different driving tools to their suitable tasks.
- appreciate the importance of using appropriate tools for specific tasks.

- explain the criteria for selecting appropriate driving tools.
- select the most suitable driving tool for a given task.
- value the importance of using the right tool for a job.

The learner is guided to:
- use visual aids or realia to identify driving tools in a workplace.
- choose driving tools for different tasks.
- discuss the use of driving tools in a workplace.
The learner is guided to:
- continue discussing the selection of driving tools for different tasks.
- analyze different tasks and determine the most appropriate driving tool for each.
- summarize points on selecting driving tools for given tasks in a workplace.

How are driving tools selected for specific tasks in a workplace?
What factors determine the selection of driving tools for specific tasks?

Hammers, screwdrivers, spanners, punches, mallets, photographs, digital devices
KLB Pre-Tech Studies Grade 9
P.B pg. 136
Hammers, screwdrivers, spanners, punches, mallets, photographs, digital devices
KLB Pre-Tech Studies Grade 9
P.B pg. 141

Oral tests, observation, checklist, written test, rubrics, practical work

TOOLS AND PRODUCTION

Driving Tools - Using driving tools to perform a given task

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- explain the proper techniques for using driving tools.
- demonstrate the safe use of different driving tools.
- appreciate the importance of proper tool usage.

The learner is guided to:
- take one driving tool at a time.
- discuss the instructions on how to use the driving tool safely.
- observe the teacher demonstrating using a driving tool to perform a given task.
- practice how to use the driving tool to perform a given task.

How are driving tools used to perform tasks safely and effectively?

Hammers, screwdrivers, spanners, punches, mallets, photographs, digital devices
KLB Pre-Tech Studies Grade 9
P.B pg. 142

Oral tests, observation, checklist, written test, rubrics, practical work

TOOLS AND PRODUCTION

Driving Tools - Using driving tools to perform a given task

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- safely use various driving tools to perform tasks.
- troubleshoot common problems when using driving tools.
- value the importance of safety when using tools.

The learner is guided to:
- continue practicing how to use different driving tools to perform given tasks.
- discuss common problems encountered when using driving tools and how to solve them.
- summarize points on how to use driving tools to perform a task.

How are driving tools used to perform tasks safely and effectively?

Hammers, screwdrivers, spanners, punches, mallets, photographs, digital devices
KLB Pre-Tech Studies Grade 9
P.B pg. 146

Oral tests, observation, checklist, written test, rubrics, practical work

TOOLS AND PRODUCTION

Driving Tools - Caring for driving tools
Driving Tools - Valuing the need for driving tools

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- explain the proper maintenance of driving tools.
- demonstrate proper cleaning and storage of driving tools.
- appreciate the importance of tool maintenance and care.

- explain the importance of driving tools in a workplace.
- identify various applications of driving tools.
- value the role of driving tools in improving work efficiency.

The learner is guided to:
- discuss the meaning of the phrase 'caring for driving tools'.
- select one driving tool at a time and discuss how to care for it.
- practice how to care for driving tools.
- summarize points on how to care for driving tools.
The learner is guided to:
- study the diagram showing the importance of driving tools.
- discuss the role of driving tools as shown in the diagram.
- discuss other roles of driving tools in a workplace.

How should driving tools be maintained and stored?
Why are driving tools important in a workplace?

Hammers, screwdrivers, spanners, punches, mallets, photographs, digital devices
KLB Pre-Tech Studies Grade 9
P.B pg. 148
Hammers, screwdrivers, spanners, punches, mallets, photographs, digital devices
KLB Pre-Tech Studies Grade 9
P.B pg. 150

Oral tests, observation, checklist, written test, rubrics, practical work

TOOLS AND PRODUCTION

Project - Identifying a problem in the locality
Project - Selecting an item to solve the identified problem

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- identify problems in the locality that can be solved using the skills acquired in Pre-Technical Studies.
- analyze the problems to determine their suitability for a project.
- appreciate the value of problem-solving in the community.

The learner is guided to:
- explore the locality to establish problems that can be solved using the skills acquired in this learning area.
- brainstorm on the problems in the locality that can be solved using the skills acquired.
- discuss and categorize the identified problems.

What problems in the locality can be solved using skills acquired in Pre-Technical Studies?

Digital devices, reference materials, local environment, manila papers
KLB Pre-Tech Studies Grade 9
P.B pg. 153
P.B pg. 154

Portfolio, observation, rubrics, project work, oral questions

ENTREPRENEURSHIP

Financial Services - Identifying financial institutions in Kenya

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- explain the meaning of financial institution.
- identify financial institutions available in Kenya.
- appreciate the role of financial institutions in the economy.

The learner is guided to:
- discuss the meaning of the term 'financial institution'.
- study the illustration of people receiving services at a financial institution.
- discuss the financial institution shown in the illustration.

What financial institutions are available in Kenya?

Digital resources, relevant textbooks and reference materials, photographs, pictures
KLB Pre-Tech Studies Grade 9
P.B pg. 160

Assignments, self and peer assessment, oral questions, observation

ENTREPRENEURSHIP

Financial Services - Identifying financial institutions in Kenya
Financial Services - Classifying financial institutions in Kenya

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- list various financial institutions in Kenya.
- explain the services offered by different financial institutions.
- value the importance of financial institutions in economic development.

- explain classification of financial institutions.
- categorize financial institutions in Kenya.
- appreciate the diversity of financial institutions in Kenya.

The learner is guided to:
- use print or digital media to search for more information on other financial institutions available in Kenya.
- share findings with the class.
- summarize points on the financial institutions available in Kenya.
The learner is guided to:
- engage a resource person on the meaning of the word 'classification' in relation to financial institutions.
- listen to the resource person explain how financial institutions are classified.
- discuss examples of financial institutions in each classification.

What financial institutions are available in Kenya?
How are financial institutions classified in Kenya?

Digital resources, relevant textbooks and reference materials, photographs, pictures
KLB Pre-Tech Studies Grade 9
P.B pg. 161
Digital resources, relevant textbooks and reference materials, resource person
KLB Pre-Tech Studies Grade 9
P.B pg. 162

Assignments, self and peer assessment, oral questions, observation

ENTREPRENEURSHIP

Financial Services - Classifying financial institutions in Kenya

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- distinguish between banking and non-banking financial institutions.
- categorize financial institutions according to their services.
- value the role of different types of financial institutions.

The learner is guided to:
- discuss the information given by the resource person.
- use relevant textbooks and other reference materials to search for more information on the classification of financial institutions in Kenya.
- share findings with the class.
- summarize points on the classification of financial institutions in Kenya.

What are the different categories of financial institutions in Kenya?

Digital resources, relevant textbooks and reference materials, resource person
KLB Pre-Tech Studies Grade 9
P.B pg. 164

Assignments, self and peer assessment, oral questions, observation